3.

Application Layer
functionality &
protocols

CCNA1v4.0Chpt3 © 2007 SSA CATC. All rights reserved. 1

 Objectives

▪ Define the application layer as the source and

destination of data for communication across
networks.
▪ Explain the role of protocols in supporting
communication between server and client
processes.
▪ Describe the features, operation, and use of
well-known TCP/IP application layer services
(HTTP, DNS, SMTP).

CCNA1V4.0Chpt3 © 2007 SSA CATC. All rights reserved 2

 Applications – The Interface
Between Human and Data NWs

▪ Application Layer = Interface between Applications and

the NW

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 Applications – The Interface
Between Human and Data NWs

Application layer
Use SW ApplicationSWto & HW convert to initiates data transfer
generate data for digital format
communication

Each layer
performs its
function

CCNA1V4.0Chpt3 © 2007 SSA CATC. All rights reserved 4

 OSI Layers that match the TCP/IP
Application Layer

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 TCP/IP Application Layer
functions
Network Aware Apps
implement Application layer protocols
and talk directly to lower layers
e.g. E-mail, Web browsers

Application layer Services

Need Application layer services
SW1. Encryptionfor dialogue
Responsible
Applications e.g. File Transfer, Network Print Spooling
Representation
interface between of Data
to the NMsource &
fordestination
the destination:
apps
1.
1. Coding/Conversion
Terminate/Tear-down
2.
2. Compression
Maintain
3. Start/Create

CCNA1V4.0Chpt3 © 2007 SSA CATC. All rights reserved 6

 Multiple Protocols at Application
Layer

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 The Client/Server model of
communication

Server responds to client requests

Service/Process/Server Daemon service requests

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 Multiple Client Requests
Multiple Client requests handled by lower layers

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 Peer-to-Peer model of
communication

Client and Server Daemon on each Peer

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 Application Layer
protocols/applications

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 Domain Name Services (DNS)

▪ Translate resource address (e.g. www.cisco.com) to a

network address

Results are stored in a local cache for future use

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 DNS Server hierarchy

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 Hypertext Transfer Protocol
(HTTP)
▪ Used for Web pages
▪ URL = Protocol://server/page
▪ http://www.cisco.com/index.html
▪ HTTPS – more secure

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 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
& Post Office Protocol (POP)
▪ E-Mail Protocols

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 SMTP & POP

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 File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

▪ To transfer files

CCNA1V4.0Chpt3 © 2007 SSA CATC. All rights reserved 17

 Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol (DHCP)

Assigns host network configuration automatically

CCNA1V4.0Chpt3 © 2007 SSA CATC. All rights reserved 18

 DHCP operation

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 Server Message Block (SMB)
▪ Long term connection to server
▪ Server resources appear as local resources on client

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 Gnutella Peer-2-Peer Protocol
▪ The Gnutella protocol defines five different packet types:
ping - for device discovery
pong - as a reply to a ping
Query - for file location
query hit - as a reply to a query
push - as a download request

CCNA1V4.0Chpt3 © 2007 SSA CATC. All rights reserved 21

 Telnet

CCNA1V4.0Chpt3 © 2007 SSA CATC. All rights reserved 22

 End
CCNA1V4.0Chpt3 © 2007 SSA CATC. All rights reserved 23
 Activities & Labs
▪ PT 3.2.3: Client-Server Interaction (A)
▪ PT 3.3.2: Configure Services on a Server and a PC
(A)
▪ Activity 3.4.1: Data Stream Capture (B)
▪ Lab 3.4.2: Managing a Web Server (A)
▪ Lab 3.4.3: E-mail Services and Protocols (A)
▪ PT 3.5.1: Skills Integration Challenge-Configuring
Hosts and Services (A)

CCNA1V4.0Chpt3 © 2007 SSA CATC. All rights reserved 24