CHARLES’S LAW

Jacques Alexandre César Charles was a French

inventor, scientist, mathematician, and balloonist.
Charles wrote almost nothing about mathematics,
and most of what has been credited to him was due
to mistaking him with another Jacques Charles, also
a member of the Paris Academy of Sciences,
entering on May 12, 1785.

Jacques Charles (1746—1823)

WHAT IS CHARLES’S LAW

--Charles’s law states that volume is

DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL to the
temperature at constant pressure.

--A gas expands when its

temperature increases. It contracts
when the temperature decreases.
CHARLES’S LAW CALCULATIONS

V1 = initial volume
V2 = final volume
T1= initial temperature (in kelvin)
T2= final temperature (in kelvin)
 CHARLES’S LAW SAMPLE PROBLEM
A syringe contains 56.11 mL of gas at 311 K. determine the volume that the
gas will occupy if the temperature is increased to 400K.
Given: V1= 56.11 mL V2=? T1= 311 K T2= 400K

Solution: (56.11 mL) = V2

(311 K) (400K)

Solution: (56.11 mL) (400K)= 311K V2

Solution: (22444ml K)= 311K V2

311 K 311 K
Solution: V2 = 72.16mL
 CHARLES’S LAW SAMPLE PROBLEM
If 540 ml of nitrogen at 0.00oC is heated to a temperature of 100oC, what
will be the new volume of the gas?
Given: V1= 540mL V2=? T1= 0.00oC T2= 100oC

T1= 0.00oC + 273.15OK

=273.15OK
Solution: (540 mL) = V2
T2= 100oC +273.15OK
(273.15OK) (373.15OK) =373.15OK

Solution: (201501mL K)= (273.15OK) V2

Solution: ((201501ml K)= (273.15OK) V2

(273.15OK) (273.15OK)
Solution: V2 = 737.69mL
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
Given 300.0 mL of a gas at 17.0
°C. What is its volume at 10.0 °C?

ANSWER: V2 = 292.76mL
SAMPLE PROBLEM

ANSWER: V2 = 12.20mL
Application of Charles’s Law
Ping Pong Ball
In case you play Ping Pong, chances are
that you might have frequently come
across a dented Ping Pong ball. How
have you troubleshot such situation? You
might have let your Ping Pong ball float
on warm water for some time. Have you
ever wondered why you do so? When you
let your ball float on hot water, the
temperature of the air inside the ball also
increases; which, in turn, leads to an
increase in the volume of the gas.
Therefore, the shape of the ball is restored.
Application of Charles’s Law

Charle’s Law finds its way into our kitchens

as well. In case you have ever tried your hand
at baking, you might be familiar with the
substance most commonly used in cooking,
i.e., the yeast. Yeast is often used in baking
to make the bakery products fluffy. Yeast is
responsible for releasing carbon dioxide
bubbles. These carbon dioxide bubbles expand
further with high temperature. The expansion
of the carbon dioxide bubbles with an increase
in temperature works as a leavening agent
and cause the bakery products to become
fluffy.
Application of Charles’s Law

You might have wondered about the working

of the hot air balloon. Charle’s Law describes
that temperature and volume are directly
proportional to each other. When a gas is
heated, it expands. As the expansion of the
gas takes place, it becomes less dense and the
balloon is lifted in the air. The warm is less
dense than the cold air, which means that it
is lighter than the cold air. Also, the warm air
has less mass per unit volume.