TK5036

S I S T E M P E N Y I M PA N A N E N E RG I
Tutorial II
Exercise 8

Calculate the theoretical specific energy for a lead–acid battery. Molecular weight of Pb and PbO2 are 207 g/mol
and 239 g/mol respectively. Theoretical cell voltage determined to be 2.05 V.

𝑃𝑏(") + 𝑃𝑏𝑂$ (") + 2𝐻$ 𝑆𝑂% (&') ↔ 2𝑃𝑏𝑆𝑂% (") + 2𝐻$ 𝑂(()
Exercise 9

What is the C-rate if a current of 300 mA is used to charge a cell with a rated capacity of 1200 mAh?
Exercise 10

What is the C-rate if a battery has a capacity of 1200 mAh and is discharged using 2.4 A current?
Exercise 11

What is the battery capacity if it is fully charged using C/10 current of 250 mA?
Exercise 12

How much energy stored in a battery that have 500 Ah capacity at 80% State of Charge?
Exercise 13

How much power (in watt) can be delivered from a battery that has 500 Ah and 20% Depth of Discharge limit, if
the nominal voltage produced around 12 V in 20 hours?
Exercise 14

An alkaline battery is an example of a primary battery and the reaction shown below is the cell reaction during
discharge. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) is typically used as the electrolyte.

Zn(s) + 2 MnO2(s) à ZnO(s) + Mn2O3(s)

a) Which are the reducing and oxidizing agents? Write the corresponding anodic and cathodic reactions
during discharge.
b) If the cell voltage E° is 1.43 V, what is the Gibbs free energy of the overall cell reaction?
c) How many hours will it take to completely discharge the alkaline battery at a current of 1.5 A, when 6.3 g of
Zn(s) were converted to ZnO(s)?
Exercise 15

Lead-acid batteries are the oldest type of rechargeable battery. Owing to their extensive use as starter lighting
ignition batteries in the automotive industry, they represent a significant share of the global battery market (despite
their relatively low energy densities):
a) Identify the positive and negative electrode and write down the half-cell reactions together with the overall
reaction during the discharge of the battery.
b) Using the equations derived from (a), calculate the reversible cell voltage E° [V]. How many of these single
units are required if a battery block with 24 V is needed? Should they be connected in series or in parallel?
c) Calculate the specific charge density Q [Ah/kg] and the specific energy density [Wh/kg] of the electrode
materials when charged.