MY HANDWRITTEN NOTE SERIES

PHYSICS FROM THE EYE OF MY PEN TIP

Exercise
CLASS NOTE

JOM SKOR A+ PHYSICS SPM 2021

(PRESSURE)

18 September 2021

BY: MUHAMMAD HAFIZ BIN AB HAMID (MRSM TUMPAT)

 PRESSURE

Pressure Pressure Atmospheric Principles

in 5 in
f liquid Gas pressure pressure
form 2

Pascal Archimedes

Bernoulli
 in
dhob

Pressure Fissure

Innit
FA theweight of
atmosphere
between
gasmolecules and
walls of container
P
Ytt.gs gigggg
p Rateofcollision É
Ea Nm kgmy Affeycted Altitude
between
Kym's No of
Lopphy MH 0 mitro
tights filial s.I unit
jjjjt.fi
tons n
Pa p
2
Éhizoon zookym's Komiks kgnis Measuring Barometer 1 Bourdon
300Pa gauge
Fortin
money
Aneroid
barometer barometer
Gravitational
density acceleration
 A

É
B
A V

Pa Prs Wr WatWL B
Va VB DmPALP
FAA Frs Ipa F Fa AB We We Fb
As An
Fy Wp Mf f Veg Va VB
PaCPB
v y FaCFB
Ue Voi
Va V Realweight
yup
arisen
m
Aah Ash man volumeof
displaced

I
volume weightof
liquid
ppg displaced

F W
Fo FEW
y
Fo Fo F W

W
W W W
 Pre requisite knowledge Form 2

Pressure

Definition Force acting per unit area

symbol P
Mathematical equation P F
A
SI unit EP
ÉÉN
special name pascal Pa
for SI unit

Example F 30N D
A 20cm
B AreaAxB

20 Em
204 m 2cm XGcn
size'm
P FA
30 30 N
20 20 10 m72
30 N
20 10 4M2
201 1.5 104 N m

L 5 Nri 1.5 104 Pa

L 5Pa
X
Pressure in Liquid
Definition Pressure due to the weight of column of
liquid on an object

Symbol P Pe R
e III
Mathematical
equation MA
we ng I I I
P phg
Fi L mpg p s p
a
his

LaAo AL
name
SI unit Nm pascal Pa

Factors affecting pressure in liquid

i Density of liquid P
ii Depth of liquid h
iii Gravitational acceleration
g
ddt
Depth us height p.ph
I D
r Dx
Experiment
 Ve
Atmospheric Pressure
ly E
Definition Pressure due to the weight of atmospheric
column on an object
Patm
symbol
Units atm bar Pa MmHg M HD
SI unit Pa Atmospheric pressure A7

Affected by Altitude
altitude P atmospheric pressured

measured with Barometer

1 Fortin barometer
ii Aneroid barometer
iii mercury barometer

Pain Pity

Pain Pity 76cm Hg

Mercury barometer Atmospheric pressure
Pam pam pam Pressure felt by mercury
Patm Pity
Eh
Pam Pressure felt X due to 76cm Hy
by
Patm Pityhags 3
13600Kym 0.76 m 9 81ms
Pity 13 600 kg m3 1 014 105 Pa
g 9.81 ms z
Patm 76cm Hy 1.0144105Pa atm
Pa PB Pc P P
 Gas Pressure kinetic theory of gas

Definition Pressure due to the collision between gas

molecules and walls of container
porFromimpulsiveforce of
I p p collisionbetween gas molecules
I
I g
A andwalls of container
surface area of walls hit
by molecules
symbol Pg
Units atm bar Pa MmHg M Ho
SI unit Pa
Affected by Rat If collision between gas molecules
and walls of container
1
Speed of gas molecules kinetic energy
T
7
T
no
É Dad

B A

Temperature container A container B

Speed of gas molecules A 7 B
Rate of collision between gas molecules
and walls of container A 7 B
Gas pressure A B

ii number of gas molecules

T
I 7 I s

I A
is
Numbrof air molecules P rate of collision P
Gas Pressure
Measured with 1 Bourdon gauge

IF books
Ii
ii Manometer
pam
Palm Palm Palm

Gas as bcm
a i.in
i
mercury is mercury
is I
mercury

Patm 76cm Hy Pam 76cm Hy Pam 76cm Hy

Pa P PRA PB Pa Ra PBB
PgBt
Pam Pam PBS PRIMARY 1Paftp.pqymm
PO EI mmHg Pg Pam Pity
8 catty Ppg Patiently
884mm
g 7665mHz
84cm Hy
Po FETID
 Fluid fluid
Pascal's principle liquid
liquid

statement Fluid in an enclosed container will

transmit pressure equally in all
direction

Diagram
T
A B

Pa PB

F 200 N
Benefit
a
ipp

200 N WE 200 N

i To lift an object of 200 N

We need to provide force
200 N of
From Pascal's principle PF a
Pa PB
Fa
AA
Fr
A
Fa Fa IM
it to lift heavy loads with smaltefft
is possible
Pascal's principle
One other thing

F
n TB
A
A B vote
liquid gain
J YEIge
toss

I
Volume of liquid loss A

Volume of liquid gain B

Uca t Ug
Piston Piston
am

going 1
T A ha t Ash going

Mathematical P
i Pa
equation Cs
ii Ya Vg
Archimedes principle
Statement

Experiment Wr Wa We
15N 12 Nt 3N
I 2
Diagram Diagram
Eureka
Can
g
B
MT 4cm
on y

Diagram 4 z Diagram 3
t

8cm 8cm
8N gj
Archimedes principle
Observation
1 When an
object is partially immersed
Diagram 2
a some of the
liquid is displaced
b Weight of object decreases
This new weight is called
apparent weight Wa
C
Weight loss Weight of liquid
displaced

2 When object is fully immersed

Diagram 3
a Volume of liquid displaced R
b Apparent weight t
c
Weight of liquid displaced T

3 When object is further immersed

C Diagram 4
a Volume of liquid displaced
b Apparent weight
c Weight of liquid displaced
Archimedes principle

Relationship Weight
from observation
is weight object in air
of
Real weight of object Wr
a Apparent weight as the object
is immersed Wa

iii Weight loss

Weight of liquid displaced We

Wr Wa t We

Volume
1 Volume of object immersed Voi
volume of liquid displaced Ve

Voi Ve
Archimedes principle
what causes weight loss
when object is immersed
is weight of object decreases W
mg
Ii The liquid exerts a force upward to
support the object
Analogy F zoon son
Op Yagi
W 200 N Pt W 200 N

We F Wr F t E

Ii The liquid exerts a force upward to

support the object
This force is called buoyant force FB

PROMO

I
Buoyant force FB
Weight W
Archimedes principle

Buoyant force Fa
F Weight loss We Weight of liquid displaced We
F We We Mega Pevege

Frs p Vg
Mathematical
equations
i Wr Wa t We

Ii Vo Ve
iii Frs
pug
Floatation
E SW F W
FB FB W

FB FB

W
W W W
 a

A Pi P
RA PA
Alpha phg Ih
h eh Pip p
9 5 S
ACph g ph g
p ga Chih
ch
p ga
p gu
gravitational
FB
pVeg accelerator
I Volume of
fluid displaced
Density
Archimedes principle

Application
 Bernoulli's principle
statement when the velocity of fluid a

increases the pressure in the

fluid decreases and vice versa
Examples
1 Aerofoil Speed of air at A B

From Bernoulli's principle

if speed of air at A B
then pressure of air
at A C B

From definition of pressure

P force exerted by
Aerofoil
E difference
streamline
air is F fm
in pressure between
ptames
Aerofoil
For a constant area A
Shape that help FL P F increases as
produces lift P increases
streamline
Conclusion
Shape that help DVA VB
reduces air water
in Pac Po
resistance
Iii Fa FB
Bernoulli's principle
ii Bunsen burner
Toproduce complete combustion
gas must mix with enough
air

Gas travels from the hose to

barrel
hole
the barrel of bunsen burner
agreed
high
at high speed
Based on Bernoulli's principle
the higher the speed of fluid
If the lower the pressure by
the fluid
0 High gas speed inside hole
produces low pressure inside
the hole

Pressure inside hole

atmospheric pressure
outside

Force to push air inside

hole force to push
gas out

Air enters the hole

Bernoulli's principle
Application