Week 4 AIA

Clutch function:
to engage & disengage the power from the engine (without turning off the engine) to
the transmission, allowing to change the speed & the torque at different range

Transmission function:
Ensuring the engine working within the rpm range.
Helps to control the drive wheels’ speed.
Automatic system: using hydraulic system [one small force, becomes multiplied as the
liquid being compressed and the large surface area the force acting from this
compressed fluid].
Function of differential: to transmit power from the engine to the axle
that moves the wheels and allow the wheels to move at different
speeds from each other. Note that axle lies in the center of the
shaft connected to the wheels hence the differential equalizes the
tractor's load for easily turning the wheels.

PTO shaft connects to the transmission & engine systems. It utilises 95% of the energy
provided from the IC.
Tyres utilizes about 45-60% of power outputted from the IC.
Energy usually lost via heat & friction.
Transmission delivers different torque & speed.
Diesel as the most common use in agricultural machineries due to cheap & easily
available
the filter installed after the fuel pump so that enough pressure is exerted by the pump to
pump the oil to penetrate the filter. IF the filter lies before the pump then the filter will
soak the gasoline, interrupting the flow of gasoline, loss of power there.
In gasoline fuel system, there's no gasoline returning back to the tank. But for diesel fuel
system, there is.
Remember, the diesel ignition system is via air compression.
LP-gas fuel system (rarely used nowadays) used LP gas, which is naturally high pressure
gas so no need a pump.
LP gas--> lowest power compared to diesel & gasoline
LP gas fuel system does have a carburetor
LP gas emits much cleaner smoke compared to diesel & gasoline.
intake system utilizes power from exhaust system-> turbocharger->increase power by
forcing more air
the intake valve controls fuel+air coming into the combustion chamber.
The exhaust valve controls the smoke relases from the chamber to the muffler, where the
smoke is filtered. The muffler also controls the sound of the machine operating so not too
loud.
The engine lubricating system reduces friction as well as removing the engine heat &
removes carbon deposits
engine oil filter to remove the debris
for the tractor, hour of operation (instead of millage perjalanan kereta). Around 400-500
hours of operation is time for service.
50-80oC normal heat engine. If higher than, overheat.
Cooling system
49:59
 For an application that requires exceptionally (greatly) high speeds, you’ll want to focus
on finding a motor with a lot of horsepowers (Power (P) = Speed (n) x Torque (M)).
If rotational force is a more important factor in terms of your application, you’ll want a
motor with plenty of torque.
Having more torque does not mean that you have more speed. Speed is calculated
differently and focuses on RPMs (revolution per minute). That said, torque can affect
the time it takes to reach top speed.

The engine load is the power of the engine, i.e., the torque output of
the engine, and it affects the combustion parameters of an engine.

An electronic control engine has many combustion parameters, such

as air-fuel ratio, exhaust temperature, and torque [7], which affect
the efficiency of the engine.