COMPUTER HARDWARE ENGINEERING AND

NETWORKING
Computers have become the backbone of our civilization. Nearly all walks of
life make use of computers in some way. The software that makes
calculation, operations and storage of data simple and easy, run on
hardware which needs to be properly configured for any system to run at
optimal efficiency. This is where the role of hardware engineers comes into
play. The primary focus of hardware engineers is on the research, designing,
development, analysis and testing of computer components. Any computer
is made up of numerous different parts, of which each piece has a distinct
and irreplaceable function.

Hardware engineers ensure that all such components operate at optimal

capacity, thereby allowing the computer user to operate optimally as well.
An average day in the working life of a hardware engineer can include
analysis of system requirements, assigning appropriate hardware to meet
requirements, analysis of prototypes based on theoretical models and
computer generated simulations, maintenance and analysis of system
capacities and performances and training and supporting system
designers.

As more and more domains begin to make use of computers, the need for
hardware updating, maintenance and development will increase.
Consequentially, this field is likely to increase in size along with the global
expansion of computers and computing devices.

Educational Qualifications
In order to become a computer hardware engineer, you must, at minimum,
have a bachelor’s degree in computer engineering. The majority of job offers
and employers in the industry demand this as a minimum qualification for
employment. Courses in hardware and networking can also be pursued.
Alternatively, graduates with electrical or electronic engineering may also
be eligible. As the stature of the company rises, so do the minimum
requirements.

Bachelor’s degrees are usually sufficient for hardware engineering jobs,

employment in large companies or corporations often requires the job
aspirant to have a master’s degree in computer engineering.Another
important criteria for selection is work experience, which can be the decisive
factor between candidates competing for a job.

Skills
Becoming a hardware engineer requires you to have creative and analytical
abilities, as a lot of the work in this field has to with analyzing and
understanding flaws and design inconsistencies and recommending
appropriate changes to address the same. Students looking to become
computer hardware engineers must have programming skills, a competent
understanding of electronic circuitry and quality control and analysis skills.

They also need to be able to create technical reports after analysis for
submission. Contractual hardware engineers need to be able to
communicate the nature of a problem to the client, so communication skills
are also an asset. The understanding of applications and tools and methods
used in software-hardware interface and maintenance is a definite
advantage. Above all else, hardware engineers should be keenly interested
in technology and be able to integrate new changes and development into
their pre-existing knowledge.

In order to do computer hardware engineering as a private contractor, the

concerned hardware engineer needs to obtain a license from the
concerned professional body.

Employment and Salary

The salary of a computer hardware engineer depends upon experience and
the company. Bigger companies usually offer a larger salary. The gross
annual salary for a computer hardware engineer can start at Rs. 72,394,
according to PayScale.

The salary bracket can rise up to Rs. 476,781 in the 90th percentile.
Compensation depends upon experience, responsibilities, size of the
company and other factors.

What Computer Hardware Engineers Do

Computer hardware engineers research, design, develop, and test
computer systems and components such as processors, circuit boards,
memory devices, networks, and routers.

Duties of Computer Hardware Engineers

Computer hardware engineers typically do the following:

• Design new computer hardware, creating schematics of computer

equipment to be built
• Test the computer hardware they design
• Analyse the test results and modify the design as needed
• Update existing computer equipment so that it will work with new
software
• Oversee the manufacturing process for computer hardware

Many hardware engineers design devices used in manufactured products

that incorporate processors and other computer components and that
connect to the Internet. For example, many new cars, home appliances, and
medical devices have Internet-ready computer systems built into them.

Computer hardware engineers ensure that computer hardware

components work together with the latest software. Therefore, hardware
engineers often work with software developers. For example, the hardware
and software for mobile phones and other devices frequently are developed
at the same time.

Education for Computer Hardware Engineers

Most entry-level computer hardware engineers have a bachelor's degree in
computer engineering, although a degree in electrical engineering or
computer science also is generally acceptable. A computer engineering
major is similar to a major in electrical engineering but with a heavy
emphasis on computer science.

Many engineering programs are accredited by ABET. Employers may prefer

candidates who have graduated from an accredited program. To prepare
for a major in computer or electrical engineering, students should have a
solid background in math and science.

Because hardware engineers commonly work with computer software

systems, a familiarity with computer programming is usually expected. This
background may be obtained through computer science courses.

Some large firms or specialized jobs may require a master's degree in

computer engineering. Some experienced engineers obtain a master's
degree in business administration (MBA). All engineers must continue their
learning over the course of their careers in order to keep up with rapid
advances in technology.

Employment of Computer Hardware Engineers

Demand for these engineers is expected to grow as more industries outside
of the computer and electronic product manufacturing industry begin to
research and develop their own electronic devices. However, centralized
computing and networking services may mean fewer engineers will be
needed because these worksites cover large networks and geographic
areas.
An increase in hardware start-up firms and the ongoing increase in the
number of devices with computer chips embedded in them, such as
household appliances, medical devices, and automobiles, may also lead to
some job growth for these workers.

What is Hardware & Networking?

Computer Hardware is the combination of physical components or parts
that makes the computer system. Physical components include monitor,
keyboard, mouse, hard disk drive, graphic card, RAM, motherboard, etc.
Networking is the field of Computer Science that allows computers to
exchange data or information.

What do you learn in this course?

Students of Hardware & Networking are taught subjects like Electronics
Digital Electronics, Computer Components Identification &Testing,
Computing Software, Computer Hardware, PC Assembling & Trouble
Shooting, Computer Peripheral Devices, Network & Networking, Windows
Server Administration., Switching & Routing, Linux Operating System, English
Language & Communicative Skills, Computer Fundamentals & IT, Soft Skill &
Personality Development, Business Analysis: Environment, Sales & Marketing,
Value Education & Human Rights, Accounting, Environmental Studies,
Quality Management, Indian Economy & Social Changes, Indian Economy &
Social Changes, Research Methodology, General Human Psychology & HR
Management, Entrepreneurship Development Programme.

What will be your work prospects after the course?

Based on the qualification and technical experience, acquired through the
practical modular course curriculum, one can be appointed at different
positions like: Systems Engineer, Design Engineer, System Administrator,
Technical support etc in IT industry, Corporate Sectors, MNC’s, Banking &
Finance sector, Educational Institutions, etc. Trained professional in this
sector can start a business of their own, providing various computer
networking services.
You will even be able to pursue higher education at the Master's Degree level
or any other higher qualification in India or abroad. Alternatively, you will be
equipped to start your own business in this field.

Jobs & Career Scope

What is the career scope in computer hardware and networking field?
Large use of computers, laptops, mobiles, desktops and internet in private and
government organizations increases the requirement of hardware and networking
professionals.

Huge career opportunities and jobs are there in the field of computer hardware and
networking. There are extensive use of computers in colleges, schools, organizations,
hospitals, banks, etc. Companies in hardware manufacturing, system design, software
development requires professionals who are well-versed in this field.

After earning master’s degree in hardware and networking, individuals can find
employment in colleges for the post of lecturer.

Where hardware professionals are required?

Hardware professionals and network administrators are required in IT and web hosting
companies.

Today, Information Technology (IT) sector gaining popularity and due to this
advancement in IT sector, lucrative job opportunities are available in public and private
organizations.

Software companies, hardware manufacturing companies, call centers, system design

companies, telecom companies, hardware repair shops requires networking and
hardware professionals.

One can also opens his/her own hardware repair shops after gaining knowledge and
experience.

Job Titles of computer hardware engineers:

Based on the qualification and technical experience, one can be appointed at different
positions. Job profiles for the hardware and networking professionals is given below:

• Systems Engineer
• Design Engineer
• Systems Integration Engineer
• Project Engineer
• Field Service Engineer
Job Titles in Networking is as follows:
• System administrator
• Network Engineer
• Technical Support
 • IT administrator
• Network administrator
• Security Database development and administration
For a good position in large firms, master’s degree in computer science engineering is
needed. It broadens career opportunities for computer hardware engineers.

Duties of Computer Hardware Engineers

• Design computer hardware and supervise the production of computer
hardware equipment.
• Perform testing and verifying hardware equipments.
• Update existing computer equipment to make it compatible with the latest
soft-wares.
• Provides support to technicians and other technical support personnel.
• Ensure that computer works faster and efficiently.

What is Hardware Engineering?

Hardware Engineering is the process of designing, developing, testing and
producing computer systems and various physical components related to
computer systems. With the advent of technology and advances in R&D, the
scope of hardware engineering has been expanded to include hardware
devices enabling embedded software engineering in non-computer
devices.

In embedded systems, hardware engineering comprises of the process of

design and development of all electronics related hardware such as
sensors, processors and controllers.

The scope of hardware engineering is limited not just to the designing and
development of computer or embedded systems, but also to integrate the
various devices for the functioning of the entire business system.

With the advent of technology and advances in R&D, hardware engineering

is now prevalent in newer fields such as mobile computing and distributed
systems, computer vision and robotics, etc.
What does a Computer Hardware Engineer do?
Computer hardware engineers analyse complex equipment to determine
the best way to improve it, and design new types of information technology
devices.They identify problems in computer hardware, and develop/test
possible solutions. They also explore the best way to implement the new
changes.

Computer hardware engineers often work together with software engineers,

since both are often connected to the development of certain products. For
example, developing a mobile phone requires both hardware and software
engineering skills.

Hardware engineers also design non-computer devices, such as car parts

or medical devices that are connected to the Internet and have hardware
systems embedded in them.

Computer hardware engineer's duties include:

• Designing computer hardware

• Creating blueprints

• Testing models of computer hardware

• Analysing test results

• Modifying designs

• Updating existing computer equipment

• Working with software engineers

• Overseeing manufacturing process

What is the workplace of a Computer Hardware Engineer
like?

Computer hardware engineers usually work in research laboratories that

build and test various types of computer models. They often work on teams
and must be able to communicate with other types of engineers as well as
with non-technical team members.

Most work in high-tech manufacturing firms. Some work in computer systems

design firms, research and development firms, or for the federal government.

Engineering is a career we all crave for from the very beginning. A career as
a computer hardware engineer attracts the students because of the salary
and on-site visit, promotions, special allowances. Computer hardware
engineers assess consumer specifications and propose appropriate
hardware. They change the hardware to allow forensic statistics or to alter
the hardware system interface for many other activities. Computer
hardware engineer carries out the technical exploitation and investigation
of media content of the highest priority. Computer Hardware Engineer
inspects and reviews technical accuracy, requirements, and design
compliance.

What is a Computer Hardware Engineer?

A short definition of Computer Hardware Engineer
A computer hardware engineer is responsible for developing and designing
electronic products, such as circuit boards, processing units, computer chips,
modems, keyboards, printers, memory and storage devices, data switches,
and other mechanical and electrical components of systems. He or she can
have a career in various industries, such as manufacturing, research and
development, and IT. A computer hardware engineer can either work
independently or as part of a team of IT professionals. In some organizations,
computer hardware engineers are also in charge of maintaining and providing
technical support for users of internal hardware.
What do Computer Hardware Engineers Do?
The tasks expected of computer hardware engineers include:

• Designing new computer hardware and developing schematics

required for building equipment, such as microchips and circuit
boards
• Testing the designed computer hardware before its actual release
• Analysing test results and making design modifications when
necessary
• Updating computer features to make sure they remain compatible
despite updates to software
• Overseeing the manufacture of computer hardware
• Working on computer components and designs.

What Skills and Qualifications Should Computer

Hardware Engineers Have?
Education
A computer hardware engineer should have a bachelor’s degree in
computer engineering. However, some companies also consider those with
degrees in computer science or electrical engineering.

Since he or she needs to tinker with computer software, a computer

hardware engineer is also expected to be familiar with programming. For
those aiming to secure managerial positions, getting a master’s degree can
help. Computer hardware engineers can look for educational programs
accredited by the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology, Inc.
(ABET). Getting certifications can also help advance your career and
improve your salary.
Skills
Computer hardware engineers must have analytical skills to assess
complicated equipment and troubleshoot issues. They should also be
creative to come up with designs that would work with new software.
Additionally, they should have excellent communication skills as their work
involves working with a team.

Additional Skills
Computer hardware engineers must be prepared to work long hours,
especially when they need to accomplish urgent and pending tasks.

How Much Does a Computer Hardware

Engineer Earn on Average?
A computer hardware engineer’s salary depends on his or her years of
experience. According to PayScale, the salary of a U.S.-based entry-level
computer hardware engineer starts from US$72,000 a year. Those with at
least five years of experience can expect to receive an annual salary of
US$92,000. Those with more than 20 years of experience, meanwhile, can
earn as much as US$119,000 a year.

What Does a Computer Hardware Engineer Do?

Computer hardware engineers create the physical components that make
computers run. They design new hardware systems, test their designs,
analyze their test results, and manage manufacturing for completed
projects. When new software changes users' needs, these professionals
redesign hardware to work with the new programs. Candidates typically
need at least a bachelor's degree to land hardware computer engineering
jobs.
Most hardware engineers work for computer companies and component
manufacturers, while others work with research organizations and
government employers. These professionals typically work full time with
regular office hours. In this era of quick computer advancement, hardware
engineers enjoy opportunities to work on exciting emerging technology. For
example, some design artificial intelligence and virtual reality machines.
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) projects the profession to grow by
6% from 2018-2028.

Key Hard Skills

Aspiring computer hardware engineers must develop "hard skills," or

concrete skills specific to a given task, role, or industry. They should also build
"soft skills," which prove useful in most careers. Hard skills for hardware
engineers include programming languages -- such as Verilog, C, and C++
-- and engineering and board design skills. See below for descriptions of
these hard skills.

Verilog
This hardware description language remains the industry standard for
electronic systems. Hardware engineers use it to design digital,
analog, and mixed-signal circuits. Students usually learn this skill in
school. Those who need further training in the language can pursue it
through online learning sites and professional organizations.

As one of the first computer programming languages students learn,

the C programming language allows engineers to issue commands
to their hardware. Computer hardware engineers often use this skill in
testing and analysing during development. Computer engineering
programs typically include introductory courses in C.
C++
This object-oriented programming language builds on the
foundations of C. Though more difficult to learn than C, C++ allows
computer hardware engineers to design and test a wider variety of
systems. Students can learn the language through official college
programs or online resources. Some professional organizations offer
C++ certifications, as well.

Field-Programmable Gate Array

Consumers and designers can program these circuits after
manufacturing them. Typically, these circuits use hardware
description languages such as Verilog. Computer hardware engineers
may design FPGA circuits specifically or use them in larger designs.
Universities, private companies, professional organizations, and online
learning resources offer FPGA training and certifications.

Engineering Design
Engineering design marks a core difference between computer
engineering and computer science. Computer engineers must use
design methods, problem-solving, and logic skills to design
machinery. Students develop this essential skill during their
undergraduate studies. Graduates can use portfolios and projects to
demonstrate their engineering design skills.

Board Design
When employers and universities refer to board design skills, they
usually mean printed circuit boards, which connect computers'
mechanical and electrical components. Hardware engineers should
be proficient in designing, testing, and analyzing these boards.
Bachelor's degree candidates often take several classes focused on
printed circuit boards.
Key Soft Skills

As designers, hardware engineers require creativity. They also identify and

tackle difficult problems, which requires additional advanced soft skills such
as analytical thinking, critical thinking, and problem-solving. Most hardware
engineers work on specific tasks independently, but they should cultivate
the communication skills to efficiently and effectively meet client needs and
collaborate with other IT professionals.

Analytical Thinking
Analysis, the process of understanding a system by examining the
functioning of its parts, constitutes much of what hardware engineers
do as they design, build, test, and troubleshoot computer hardware.

Creativity
As designers, hardware engineers must often think creatively, infusing
prior knowledge with imagination as they envision new possibilities
and methods. Problem-solving, a common activity for hardware
engineers, also involves both creative and critical thinking.

Critical Thinking
Hardware engineers with strong critical thinking skills often have an
easier time learning and applying new skills and technologies.
Furthermore, because critical thinkers tend to identify faster and
better ways of completing tasks, hardware engineers with critical
thinking skills often have greater leadership potential and advance
further in their careers.

Communication Skills
Depending on their company, position, and project, hardware
engineers may often work alone; however, hardware engineers
sometimes work on teams and communicate frequently with
software engineers, technicians, and clients. Written and spoken
 communication skills save time by facilitating effective problem-
solving and other services.

Problem-solving
Hardware engineers should know how to identify and address
hardware-related problems. These professionals spend lots of time
testing and troubleshooting their work and recommending solutions
and updates.

Daily Tasks

Computer hardware engineers often perform an array of diagnosis, design,

and testing tasks, depending on employer needs. They use creativity to
design computer equipment and hardware. Computer hardware engineers
also employ analytical and problem-solving skills as they diagnose and fix
problems with hardware designs, media, and storage devices. Often
communicating with software developers, computer hardware engineers
work to ensure compatibility between computer hardware and software.

How to Become a Computer Hardware Engineer

Most employers in the computer hardware engineering field require entry-
level applicants to hold bachelor's degrees. Candidates may meet this
requirement by obtaining a nominal degree in computer hardware
engineering, but many employers also consider graduates with bachelor's
degrees in computer science and electrical engineering. Graduates with
these degrees may earn certification to demonstrate their mastery of
hardware engineering.

Graduate degrees allow professionals to specialize in specific areas, such

as microsystems technology or hardware security. These concentrations
allow professionals to fill high-demand positions. Some students earn
doctorates in subjects like robotics and bioengineering. Such fields rely on
computer hardware engineering but take it to the next level with innovation
and programming.
Students may pursue both bachelor's and master's degrees in computer
engineering online. Some universities offer hybrid programs, in which
learners must attend labs on campus. Fully online programs use simulated
laboratories for these tasks instead. Online degree candidates may also
need to construct projects at home.

Gain Experience

While in school, learners can compile portfolios through projects and labs to
help build their resumes. For example, circuits labs and classes help degree
candidates hone their board engineering skills, and students who complete
projects in their labs may outline their accomplishments, methods, and
results in their portfolios. These pages may also include pictures and
feedback from professors.

Internships also allow learners to gain hands-on experience. Major

technology corporations often offer internships to qualified candidates.
Interns work side-by-side with experienced professionals to gain insight into
their responsibilities and methods. Students may also participate in degree-
related competitions, such as for robotics, to further build their portfolios.
Certification courses can also round out resumes for entry-level candidates.

Earn Credentials

New computer hardware engineers can qualify for their first jobs with
degrees and experience, but recent graduates often struggle to obtain
professional experience. Those who failed to complete internships or need
an extra boost can earn specialized credentials to add to their resumes.
These professionals most benefit from certifications, which candidates can
earn through professional organizations and universities.

Graduates should choose their certifications based on their skill sets and
positions of choice. For example, prospective cybersecurity professionals
can earn the certified computer security incident handler credential.
Learners use their degree knowledge in certification exams or in online
courses to develop the skills for their desired career paths. Some
manufacturers and tech companies, including Microsoft and Cisco, offer
certifications in their products. Employers who work exclusively with
technologies from these companies highly value such credentials.

Computer Hardware Engineer Salary

Information
Computer hardware engineer salaries vary based on industry, location, and
position. The computer systems design and related services industry
employs the most computer hardware engineers, but these professionals
receive the best salaries from software publishers, scientific research and
development services, and information services.

Salaries also vary based on credentials such as education and work

experience. Entry-level computer hardware engineers earn $71,007 annually,
while professionals with 10-19 years of experience earn $113,337. California is
one of the highest-paying states with one of the highest employment rates,
making it the best state for computer hardware engineers.

Types of Careers in Computer Hardware

Engineering
Many computer hardware engineering graduates end up working in
computer hardware or software, while others pursue careers in web or
systems development or information technology. Some graduates obtain
work in related engineering areas and industries such as aerospace or
electronics engineering.

Most professional career paths related to computer hardware engineering

require a bachelor's degree, but entry-level computer programmer or
software developer positions may mandate only an associate. Higher-level
roles such as computer network architect or computer and information
systems manager require at least a bachelor's degree. Growing numbers of
aerospace engineers may need master's degrees to compete.

Computer hardware engineers tend to make a good living -- BLS

data places the mean annual salary at $114,600 -- and they can advance
their salaries further through higher education.

Where Can I Work as a Computer Hardware

Engineer?
Computer hardware engineers usually work at large companies within the
computer systems design industry or a related sector; however, some
computer hardware engineers work for small companies or as freelancers.

Locations

Computer hardware engineering positions tend to cluster in major

metropolitan areas like Seattle; Washington, D.C.; Boston; and San Francisco,
because these cities boast large manufacturing and technology
companies. These companies typically hire the most advanced engineers
and pay them the highest salaries, as well.

According to BLS, California employs a staggering 20,720 computer

hardware engineers -- over six times more than any other state. Colorado,
Maryland, Texas, and Florida also appear on the list of top five states for
employing hardware engineers; only California made it onto the top-paying
list, as well. At an annual mean wage of $131,570, California hardware
engineers earn considerably more than the national mean salary of
$114,600. Other top-paying states include Maryland, Washington, and
Massachusetts.
Settings

Of the 64,400 computer hardware engineers employed in the United States

during 2018, 25% worked in the computer systems design and related
services industry. Hardware engineers in this industry must understand both
software programming and hardware engineering, and they often make the
most money.

An additional 10% of hardware engineers work in computer and peripheral

equipment manufacturing, where they often manage projects, and another
10% work as research and development professionals for scientific
companies. This latter group usually holds master's degrees and earns an
average annual salary of $130,800, according to the BLS.

Continuing Education for Computer Hardware

Engineers
As they earn their degrees, aspiring computer hardware engineers usually
put together portfolios of their work. Most good computer hardware
engineering and related degrees include portfolio-building, and as
engineers progress through their careers, they can continue building this
portfolio.

Computer hardware engineers are lifetime learners by necessity because

the technology world changes so rapidly. Sites like Code
Academy and Khan Academy offer online courses on coding languages
and other relevant topics for computer hardware engineers. Professionals
seeking upper-level positions working with a specific type of hardware may
pursue certifications particular to that hardware, such as the Cisco
certifications or IBM certifications described below.

Many professional organizations also offer continuing education

opportunities. For example, the National Society of Professional
Engineers offers an excellent array of education opportunities, including live
educational events, exam preparation, and 15 free courses.

Microsoft Certifications

Microsoft boasts online certification programs related to key areas such as

productivity, data management and analytics, core infrastructure, and
applications.

EC-Council

This specialist-level program prepares information security professionals to

prevent and handle cybersecurity breaches at their organizations. It

includes hands-on learning and takes students through all incident-

handling stages.

Cisco Certifications

Cisco provides six certification levels in topics such as network development,

security, infrastructure, and data management.

IBM Certifications

IBM offers 140 certification programs focused on topics and roles such as
system administration, application development, solution design, and
database administration.
How Do I Find a Job in Computer Hardware
Engineering?
Recent computer hardware engineering graduates often face steep
competition for entry-level jobs, but job-finding tools and strategies can
help. Existing mentors and professional connections may offer a good first
step. Many professional organizations offer mentorship opportunities, plus
networking events, conferences, and other career-building resources, such
as job boards. The National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE) job
board and Engineering Jobs are good places to start searching for
computer hardware engineering jobs.

These organizations also feature useful certification programs and other

continuing education opportunities involving specific skills training or
industry preparation, which can help qualify new graduates for entry-level
positions.

Professional Resources for Computer Hardware

Engineers
Busy students and working professionals alike can turn to professional
organizations for help with career advancement opportunities such as
continuing education courses and programs, conferences, mentoring, and
job-seeking resources. These organizations also keep professionals current
on relevant news, innovations, and market trends, and the online
communities available often enable networking and problem-solving help.