Rothman’s Framework-strategies of community organization.

Practice Variables Locality Social Planning Social Action

Development
Goal categories of Self-help; community Problem solving with Shifts in power
Community Action capacity and regard to substantive relationship and
integration (process community problems resources; basic
goals) (task goals) institutional changes
(task or process
goals); Goal
categories of
Community Action
Self
Assumption lack of relationships Substantive social Disadvantaged
concerning and democratic problems like mental populations, social
community structure problem solving and physical health, injustice, deprivation
and problem capacities and static housing recreation and inequity
conditions traditional community
Basic Change Broad cross section of Fact-gathering of Crystallization of
Strategy people involved in problem and decision issues and
determining and on most rational organization of people
solving their own course of action to take action against
problems enemy targets
Characteristic Consensus Consensus or Conflict Conflict or contest:
Change tactics and communication confrontation, direct
techniques amongst community action, negotiation
group and interest;
group discussion
Salient Practitioner Enabler, catalyst, Fact-gatherer analyst, Activist-advocate,
Role coordinator; teacher programme broker, and
teacher of problem- implementer, negotiator
solving skills and facilitator
ethical values
Medium of Change Manipulation of small Manipulation of Manipulation of mass
task-oriented groups formal organization organization and
and data political processes
Orientation towards Member of power Power structure as Power structure as
power structure structure as employers and external target of
collaborators in a sponsors actions; oppressors to
common venture be coerced and
overturned
Boundary definition Total geographic Total community or Community segment
of the community community community segment
client system or (functional
constituency community)
 Rothman’s Framework-strategies of community organization.

Practice Variables Locality Social Planning Social Action

Development

Assumptions Common interests or Interest reconcilable Conflicting interests

regarding interest of reconcilable or in conflict which are not easily
community subparts differences reconcilable; scarce
resources
Conception of the Rationalist- unitary; Idealist-unitary; base Realist-individualist;
Public Interest carefully calculating on an intellectual belief in the rights of
costs of alternatives, approach to ideas, people and of nations
courses of action and usually rational and has been dissipated
seeking to maximize well reasoned though
their expected utility not always practicable
Conception of Client Citizens Consumers Victims
population or
constituency
Conception of Client Participants in Consumers or Employers,
Role interaction problem recipient constituents, members
solving
Use of Building the capacity Finding out from Achieving objective
Empowerment of the community to consumers about their power for beneficiary
make collaborative needs for service; system the right and
and informed informing consumers means of impact
decisions; promoting of their services community decisions;
feeling of personal choices promoting a feeling of
mastery by the mastery by
residents participants
Agency Type Settlement houses, Welfare Council, City Dalit Commission,
Resident Welfare Planning, Women’s Movement,
Association, Health Environmental Trade union
Associations, Planning Bodies movements etc
Consumer Groups,
Peace Corps
Practice Positions Village worker, Planning division Local Organizer
neighbourhood head, planner
worker, consultant to
community
development team