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VROOM'S EXPECTANCY THEORY OF MOTIVATION

Presentation · December 2022

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Mohd Irfan Wani

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VROOM’S EXPECTANCY THEORY OF
MOTIVATION
• Victor Harold Vroom (born August 9, 1932,in Montreal,Quebec, Canada) is a
business school professor at the Yale School of Management.
• Vroom's primary research was on the theory of motivation, that I am going
to discuss,attempts to explain why individuals choose to follow certain
courses of action and prefer certain goals or outcomes over others in
organizations, particularly in decision-making and leadership.
 WHAT THIS THEORY SAYS?

• Victor Vroom’s expectancy theory of motivation is also called

Process Theory of Motivation. It says that an individual’s
motivation is affected by their expectations about the future.
• Specifically,Vroom says that an individual’s motivation is affected
by how much they value any reward associated with an action
(Valence),how much they believe that by putting effort into
something they will be able to generate good results
(Expectancy) and how much they believe that generating good
results will result in a reward (Instrumentality).
WHAT THIS THEORY SAYS?(CONTD.)

• It’s important to note that rewards could be

intrinsic or extrinsic. Extrinsic motivations are
external things such as money and promotion.
Intrinsic motivations are internal things such as a
sense of fulfillment and achievement.
• M=V*I*E
• That is,Motivation is a function of valence, instrumentality
and expectancy.
 WHAT VROOM’S MODEL MEAN FOR
INDIVIDUALS?
• From an individual perspective this means that if any of these factors
are lacking, you may lack motivation.
• If, as an individual, you find yourself feeling unmotivated in the world of
work, it’s worth stepping back and considering these factors. It may be
that one or two of them are lacking for you. For example, you may not
value the intrinsic or extrinsic rewards associated with the work you are
doing. Similarly, you may simply believe that you don’t have the ability to
achieve an outcome that would trigger a reward.
• If you assess your motivation through the lens of Vroom’s expectancy
theory, you may identify root causes for your lack of motivation. In turn,
this might help identify actions you could take to restore it. As ever, you
may need help from others to restore your motivation. you may benefit
from discussing your thoughts with a peer, friend or even your line
manager.
WHAT VROOM’S EXPECTANCY THEORY
MEANS FOR LEADERS AND ORGANIZATIONS?
• Vroom’s model helps make clear that leaders or organizations need to:
• 1 – Provide rewards that individuals value:-
• These could be intrinsic aspects designed into rewarding role descriptions, they could be
recognition, they could be new opportunities or they could be financial rewards.The important
point is that you find the right rewards for your people.
• 2 – Set achievable objectives for individuals:-
• The objectives you set don’t need to be easy. But they do need to be in the power of your
team members to achieve. This may mean that the individuals in your teams need to be
empowered to achieve things and it may mean that they need to be supported to do so. It
also means that the system that you are asking them to operate within isn’t stacked against
them.
• 3 – Provide promised rewards when they are earned:-
This is all about trust. To be trustworthy in this context you need to provide the implicit and
explicit outcomes and rewards that you have agreed to provide. If you don’t do this, trust will be
broken. When trust is broken individuals will cease to be motivated by your proposed rewards .
Limitations of Expectancy Theory of Motivation:-
• The expectancy theory seems to be idealistic because
quite a few individuals perceive high degree
correlation between performance and rewards.
• The application of this theory is limited as reward is
not directly correlated with performance in many
organizations. It is related to other parameters also
such as position, effort, responsibility, education, etc.
 THANKS THAT WAS ALL ABOUT MY PRESENTATIONPRESENTATION
Presentation Submitted By:-Mohd Irfan Wani.
In Subject:-Organisational Behaviour(OB).
Of Semester:-Ist.
Under Course:-Mba.
Enrollment No.:-22036113016
Presentation Submitted to:-Dr.Altaf Sir(Assistant Professor South Campus,UOK.)
(^o^)

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