Ata 50 Structure

ATA 50 STRUCTURE
Copyright © 2011-2012 - ATR Training Centre - All right reserved For Training Only
50.00 GENERAL Presentation
The ATR structure is composed of:

- Fuselage,
- Wings,
- Stabilizers,
- Nacelles.
The structure is also composed of:
- Windows,
- Doors.
MW50.00_.01.G1L1 Copyright © 2011-2012 - ATR Training Centre - All right reserved For Training Only Page 2
50.00 GENERAL Metallic and Non Metallic Materials
The structure is built using metallic and non-metallic materials.

The metallic materials normally used are :
- LIGHT ALLOY. These alloys, that constitutes the major part of the structure, are of different types:
- 2024 clad. The copper, containing aluminum alloy, exhibits good fatigue properties.
- 7075 clad. The zinc, containing aluminum alloy, presents high strength properties and good resistance to corrosion.
- 7010. Advanced aluminum alloy is used with the T74 or T7651 heat treatment, which correspond to better fatigue and stress corrosion
resistance.
- STEEL. The steels used have a maximum strength of 125 Hb, thus allowing a larger fatigue strength margin. In particular condition, a super
alloy with a resistance of 152 Hb is used (inconel bolts for wing - fuselage junction).
- TITANIUM ALLOY. Is used in the engine nacelle for the tubular frame and attache lugs.
The alloys are generally subjected to surface treatments:
- Aluminum alloys: they are electro-chemically anodized with either chromic acid or phosphoric acid.
- Titanium alloys: they generally are not protected unless when in contact with different materials, in this case, they are sand blasted and
painted. Small parts are treated by sulphuric acid anodizing.
- Steel: they are generally cadmium clad plated.
The metallic parts of the structure are protected against corrosion with clad sheets, alodine or anodizing treatment on bare aluminium and primer
enamel and facing sealant on critical areas; special treatments are used when different materials are in contact.
The non metallic materials are generally composite which is an assembly of aligned fibers bonded together by an organic synthesis resin. The
mainly used fibers are:
- Glass or Kevlar: high strength and low rigidity,
- Carbon: high strength and high rigidity.
The composite used on the structure are divided into three groups:
- Carbon Structures,
- Kevlar / Nomex Sandwich,
- Fiberglass / Nomex Sandwich.
In most cases, the composite materials cold repair is possible, the detailed instructions will be given in the applicable maintenance documentation.
The major advantages of composites versus conventional materials are:

- Weight saving (high mechanical strength, material optimization),
- Maintenance cost saving (fatigue strength, corrosion free).
Composite used in structural design are either unidirectional tapes or fabric types.
Utilization of unidirectional tape and automated manufacturing make the optimization of the lay-up easier.
There are two basic design principles:
- Sandwich structures,
- Monolithic structures.
Sandwich structures: A sandwich structure consists of two composite skins banded to a honeycomb core.
Two manufactured processes are generally used:
- Multiphase process,
- Co-curing or single-phase process.
Monolithic structures: There are two types of Monolithic structures:

- Multi-rib box monolithic structures: The box consists of non-stiffened skin monolithic panels, supported by a Multi-spar or Multi-rib
sub-structure.
- Integrally stiffened monolithic structures: They consist of integrally stiffened panels supported by spars and ribs.
50.00 GENERAL Fasteners
The structure is fastened by several types of fasteners.

The mainly used are:
- Rivets. Generally in aluminum alloy or monel for particular cases.
- Permanent bolts. In titanium HI-LOCK fasteners, aluminum or steel nuts.
- Removable bolts. According standard Torque set or HI-torque.
- Tension bolts. High resistance stainless steel or inconel bolts.
- Bonding. Used for metal to metal connection.
50.00 GENERAL Painted and Unpainted Areas
The structure parts are generally painted. The paints used are:
- a primer loaded with chromate for a better resistance to corrosion and more especially to skydrol or fuel,
- a polyurethane enamel for a better adaptation to surface strains and vibrations, hence a better resistance to corrosion.
50.00 GENERAL Painted and Unpainted Areas
Note: the following areas are unpainted:

- Pitot and static ports, probes, antennas,
- Triangular plates indicating the fuselage datum and all other labels,
- Seals,
- Static dischargers coupling areas,
- Horns.
50.00 GENERAL Interfaces
Structure system is composed of:

- Fuselage,
- Wings,
- Stabilizers,
- Nacelles,
- Windows,
- Doors.
Placard are sticked all around the structure.
Flight control use several control surfaces of the structure.
50.00 GENERAL Interfaces
Landing gears are fitted on the fuselage.
Fuel tanks are contained in the wings.
De-icing boots are fitted on the leading edge.
Engines are located in the nacelles.
50.00 GENERAL Exercises
MW50.00_.06.E1L1 Copyright © 2011-2012 - ATR Training Centre - All right reserved For Training Only Page 15
50.00 GENERAL No Step Area Safety and Precautions
The present figure shows the wing to step areas. For further information, about the wing walk limitations, refer to the applicable technical
publications.
MW50.SAF.01.P1L1 Copyright © 2011-2012 - ATR Training Centre - All right reserved For Training Only Page 19
50.00 GENERAL Precautions to Use or Handling of Dangerous
Note: the aim of this part is to supply some general precepts to apply during the maintenance operations.
The use or the handling of some products as sealant, cleaning agents, compounds, even if they are not toxic or dangerous, nevertheless require
particular attention:
- The sealant and the solvent contain volatile and flammable agents, so all usual precautions corresponding to flammable materials must be
respected.
- Avoid contact with skin.
- Wear flexible rubber gloves for the preparation and application of the products.
- Wash hands before eating or smoking.
50.00 GENERAL Precautions to Use or Handling of Dangerous
Particularly, preparing and using hardeners compound:

- Use appropriates goggles and gloves.
- Provide an adequate ventilation.
If the product comes in contact with skin, wipe immediately with a clean cloth, wash the interested part with water and flush.
50.00 GENERAL Windows Safety and Precautions
Before inspection of structure protect windshield and windows with Kraft paper or sheets of plastic secured with adhesive tape.
Take particular attention for de-icing and anti-icing of the fuselage: avoid as far as possible to spray directly on the windshields and windows.
Wash flight compartments windows and windshields with a damp chamois leather.
Note: Make certain that the chamois leather is clean.
When an impact zone is unknown: examine the entire aircraft exterior especially flight compartment windows for impact damage.
50.00 GENERAL Maintenance Operations
This module presents the various tasks programmed regarding the structure, according to their periodicity (A: A check, C: C check, LC: Line
Check, WY: Weekly).
The contained information in the following tables results from the maintenance planning program (MPD), based on Maintenance Review Board
Report document (MRBR). ATR defines a standard document MPD (Maintenance Planning Document) where the maintenance programmed tasks
are identified.
For more information on structure programmed checks, click on following categories:
MW50.MO_.01.O1L1 Copyright © 2011-2012 - ATR Training Centre - All right reserved For Training Only Page 23
50.00 GENERAL 42 VERSION Metallic and Non Metallic Materials
The structure is built using metallic and non-metallic materials.

The metallic materials normally used are :
- LIGHT ALLOY. These alloys, that constitutes the major part of the structure, are of different types:
- 2024 clad. The copper, containing aluminum alloy, exhibits good fatigue properties.
- 7075 clad. The zinc, containing aluminum alloy, presents high strength properties and good resistance to corrosion.
- 7010. Advanced aluminum alloy is used with the T74 or T7651 heat treatment, which correspond to better fatigue and stress corrosion
resistance.
- STEEL. The steels used have a maximum strength of 125 Hb, thus allowing a larger fatigue strength margin. In particular condition, a super
alloy with a resistance of 152 Hb is used (inconel bolts for wing - fuselage junction).
MX50.00_.02.G1L1 Copyright © 2011-2012 - ATR Training Centre - All right reserved For Training Only Page 24
- TITANIUM ALLOY. Is used in the engine nacelle for the tubular frame and attache lugs.
The alloys are generally subjected to surface treatments:
- Aluminum alloys: they are electro-chemically anodized with either chromic acid or phosphoric acid.
- Titanium alloys: they generally are not protected unless when in contact with different materials, in this case, they are sand blasted and
painted. Small parts are treated by sulphuric acid anodizing.
- Steel: they are generally cadmium clad plated.
The metallic parts of the structure are protected against corrosion with clad sheets, alodine or anodizing treatment on bare aluminium and primer
enamel and facing sealant on critical areas; special treatments are used when different materials are in contact.
The non metallic materials are generally composite which is an assembly of aligned fibers bonded together by an organic synthesis resin. The
mainly used fibers are:
- Glass or Kevlar: high strength and low rigidity,
- Carbon: high strength and high rigidity.
The composite used on the structure are divided into three groups:
- Carbon Structures,
- Kevlar / Nomex Sandwich,
- Fiberglass / Nomex Sandwich.
In most cases, the composite materials cold repair is possible, the detailed instructions will be given in the applicable maintenance documentation.
The major advantages of composites versus conventional materials are:

- Weight saving (high mechanical strength, material optimization),
- Maintenance cost saving (fatigue strength, corrosion free).
Composite used in structural design are either unidirectional tapes or fabric types.
Utilization of unidirectional tape and automated manufacturing make the optimization of the lay-up easier.
There are two basic design principles:
- Sandwich structures,
- Monolithic structures.
Sandwich structures: A sandwich structure consists of two composite skins banded to a honeycomb core.
Two manufactured processes are generally used:
- Multiphase process,
- Co-curing or single-phase process.
Monolithic structures: There are two types of Monolithic structures:

- Multi-rib box monolithic structures: The box consists of non-stiffened skin monolithic panels, supported by a Multi-spar or Multi-rib
sub-structure.
- Integrally stiffened monolithic structures: They consist of integrally stiffened panels supported by spars and ribs.
50.00 GENERAL 42 VERSION Interfaces
Structure system is composed of:

- fuselage,
- wings,
- stabilizers,
- nacelles,
- windows,
- doors.
Placards are sticked all around the structure.
Flight control use several control services of the structure.
50.00 GENERAL 42 VERSION Interfaces
Landing Gears are fitted on the fuselage.
Fuel tanks are contained in the wings.
De-icing boots are fitted on the leading edges.
Engines are located in the nacelles.
Table of contents
50.00 GENERAL .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

2
Presentation .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
2
Metallic and Non Metallic Materials .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................

3
Fasteners ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
10
Painted and Unpainted Areas ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

11
Interfaces ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
13
Exercises ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
15
No Step Area Safety and Precautions .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

19
Precautions to Use or Handling of Dangerous .........................................................................................................................................................................................................

20
Windows Safety and Precautions ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................

22
Maintenance Operations ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

23
50.00 GENERAL 42 VERSION .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

24
Metallic and Non Metallic Materials .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................

24
Interfaces ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
31
Copyright © 2011-2012 - ATR Training Centre - All right reserved For Training Only

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ATA 50 STRUCTURE

The ATR structure is composed of:

The structure is built using metallic and non-metallic materials.

The major advantages of composites versus conventional materials are:

Monolithic structures: There are two types of Monolithic structures:

The structure is fastened by several types of fasteners.

Note: the following areas are unpainted:

Structure system is composed of:

Particularly, preparing and using hardeners compound:

The structure is built using metallic and non-metallic materials.

The major advantages of composites versus conventional materials are:

Monolithic structures: There are two types of Monolithic structures:

Structure system is composed of:

50.00 GENERAL .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Metallic and Non Metallic Materials .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Painted and Unpainted Areas ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

No Step Area Safety and Precautions .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Precautions to Use or Handling of Dangerous .........................................................................................................................................................................................................

Windows Safety and Precautions ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Maintenance Operations ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

50.00 GENERAL 42 VERSION .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Metallic and Non Metallic Materials .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................

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