F lu id M echanics

J e t Tra j ecto ry an d O rific e F low

H33
A constant head device, backboard, set of nozzles and Pitot tube. This apparatus demonstrates
vertical flow and horizontal jet trajectories through different orifices (nozzles) and allows students
to study the trajectory profiles of water jets from the nozzles when mounted horizontally.

Screen s hot of the HDMS s of twa re

K ey F e at u res Lear ning O u tc o mes

• Supplied with four interchangeable nozzles with • Determination of the contraction and velocity
different throat (or orifice) designs coefficients
• Nozzles mount vertically and horizontally • Calculation of the discharge coefficient
• Simple and clear plotting of horizontal jet • Determination of the actual discharge coefficient
trajectory by measurement of flow rate
• Direct measurement of total head, head loss and • Demonstrates the influence of Reynolds number
diameter of a vertical water jet
• Determination of discharge characteristics (jet
• Integral Pitot traverse with blade to measure trajectory) for an orifice mounted in the side of a
head in the vertical jet and diameter of jet vertical tank
• Works with TecQuipment’s Digital Hydraulic Bench
Key Spec ificatio ns
(H1F)* for easy installation
• Vertical and horizontal discharge
• Works with TecQuipment’s optional, free
Hydraulics Data Management System Software • Four nozzles included
(HDMS) • Integral Pitot traverse

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J e t Tra j ecto ry an d O rific e F low
H33

D es c ri pt i on If required students can download TecQuipment’s

Hydraulics Data Management System (HDMS) software
With this apparatus students can measure the decrease in
onto a suitable computer (not supplied) to aid with
flow, contraction of the stream and energy loss as water
entering, evaluating and presenting their data.
discharges from four vertically mounted, interchangeable
nozzles with different orifice designs. It also allows Standar d Featu r es
students to study the trajectory profiles of water jets from
the nozzles when mounted horizontally. • Supplied with a comprehensive user guide
It works with TecQuipment’s Digital Hydraulic Bench (H1F, • Five-year warranty
available separately)* and stands on the hydraulic bench • Manufactured in accordance with the latest European
worktop. The apparatus has a transparent cylindrical tank, Union directives
with a mounting in the base for the nozzles. The nozzles
either fit to the unit to discharge water vertically (down) or • ISO9001 certified manufacturer
horizontally, dependent on the experiment taking place.
They are easily interchangeable. Essential Base U nit
Water flows into the tank from the hydraulic bench through • Digital Hydraulic Bench (H1F)*
an adjustable diffuser. The flow rate and an overflow pipe *This product will also work with an existing TecQuipment
set the water level. To change the level in the tank (and Volumetric Hydraulic Bench (H1D)
so the head on the orifice), students adjust the flow to the
diffuser. Water leaves the tank through the nozzles. The jet
that leaves the orifice discharges into the hydraulic bench
measuring tank.
Manometers measure the total head on the orifice and
under the jet. A traverse assembly allows students to
position a Pitot tube anywhere in the jet. A sharp blade
accurately measures the jet diameter, so students can find
the contraction coefficient.
To measure trajectory of jets, students fit a nozzle to the
side (horizontal) mounting and use a bung to seal the
vertical exit. They then use the plotting board and depth
gauge pins to plot the jet trajectory onto graph paper.

S hown wi t h T ec Q u i p m en t ’ s
Hy d r au l i c Ben c h (H1 F, n ot i n c lu d ed)

700 mm

700 mm

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T yp ica l Work As s i gnm ents

Head and F l ow
This experiment asks the students to test a nozzle at a range of flows, producing linear results when plotted as flow against
the square root of head. This chart should also produce an average value for the discharge coefficient (Cd).

Nozzle A
Flow (Q)

1 Q
X
A0 2g H0

0
0
Head
1/2
( H0 )

Hor izo ntal J et T r aj ectory

This experiment asks students to measure the actual trajectory of the jet and compare it with the theoretical trajectory.

Datum
x
Horizontal
y

Theoretical
results

Experimental
results

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H33

H yd rau li c s Data M a nagem ent System O per ating C o nd itio ns

The HDMS is a complimentary software tool designed to O perat ing enviro nment:
help students accurately record data from experiments Laboratory
associated with this apparatus. The software is intuitive
and easy to use, with clear and convenient data display Sto rage t emperat u re ra nge:
options, enabling students to run automatic calculations –25°C to +55°C (when packed for transport)
and export charts and results for further investigation.
O perat ing t emperat u re ra nge:
To find out more, click here. +5°C to +40°C

D e ta i le d Sp e c i f i cati ons So u nd Levels

TecQuipment is committed to a programme of continuous Less than 70 dB(A)
improvement; hence we reserve the right to alter the
design and product specification without prior notice.
Nett dimens io ns and w e i gh t:
700 mm x 700 mm x 400 mm
10 kg including nozzles
Ap proximat e pac ked di m e n s i on s a n d w e i gh t:
0.3 m3 and 15 kg
M axim u m head :
Approximately 365 mm
M axim u m f l ow r at e:
Nominally 22 litres per minute
O r if ic e/ noz z l es :
One sharp-edged orifice and three nozzles

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