MAKALAPA CRATER FORMER NAVY SALVAGE YARD

FEASIBILITY STUDY / PROPOSED PLAN / DECISION DOCUMENT

SYSTEMATIC PROJECT PLANNING MEETING 2
Contract W912DY 20D0073
Delivery Order: W912DY 22F0283
POP through 15 July 2027

Levi Collins
Project Manager
EA-Wood-2 MP JV
Date: 15 December 2022

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INTRODUCTIONS
EA-Wood-2 JV
Levi Collins – Project Manager
Teresa Quiniola – Regulatory / Community Relations Specialist
Mike McGuire – Senior Geophysicist

CEHNC
Amy Doss – Project Manager / COR
Alex Chesnut – Technical Manager

CEPOH
LCDR Matty Haith – Project Manager
Kevin Pien – Project Manager (outgoing)

HDOH
Sven Lindstrom – Project Manager
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MEETING AGENDA & GOALS

AGENDA GOALS
 Review Project Stakeholders  Explain the reason for the project
 Site Location and History Summary and objectives

 Data Gap Analysis Review  Summarize Data Gap Analysis and

Recommendations
 Proposed Supplemental RI Field
Activities  Come to Consensus on the Path
Forward
 Upcoming Schedule
 Closing / Questions
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STAKEHOLDERS
Property Owner
– State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources (MES)
– City and County of Honolulu (RHS)

Property User
– State of Hawaii Department of Education

Project Delivery Team

Government
– USACE Huntsville Center (Contract and Technical Management)
– USACE Honolulu District (Geographic District)
– State of Hawaii Department of Health (Regulator)

Prime Contractor
– EA-Wood-2 MP JV
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PROJECT ORGANIZATION
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PROJECT OBJECTIVES
1. Perform Data Gap Analysis
a) If necessary, perform
supplemental field work
b) Prepare a revised Remedial
Investigation Report based 1944 Makalapa Scrap Yard
on supplemental field work
(if necessary)
2. Finalize Feasibility Study
3. Prepare Proposed Plan
4. Prepare Decision Document

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PROJECT LOCATION

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SITE DESCRIPTION
• The former NSY site is located in Honolulu, Island of Oahu, Hawaii
• FUDS Project No. H09HI0484H
• 19.27-acres
• Historically used as a salvage yard, burning dump, and solid waste landfill
• The site is currently occupied by portions of two public schools:
– Admiral Arthur W. Radford High School (RHS)
– Makalapa Elementary School (MES), as well as a
• Portion of the H-1 Interstate Freeway adjacent to the northwest corner of RHS
• Portion of Bougainville Drive adjacent to the south RHS boundary

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MAKALAPA CRATER NSY FUDS PROPERTY

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1945 Aerial
HISTORY
Site Background
– Pre-WWII
• Lake located within crater; outer rim used for
agriculture
• 1930’s and early 1940’s the Navy used crater
for depositing dredge spoils; north/northeast
rim was used to establish a salvage yard

– WWII Reclamation Operation

• At the site, metal and other heavy scrap materials were salvaged from ships damaged during the
attack on Pearl Harbor
• Recovered materials were sorted, crated, and trucked to the Navy Foundry or shipped to metal
recycling facilities on the mainland.
• Over 1,000 trucks a day of waste material were delivered to the site
– Burnable material was destroyed in an open burn area
– Unburnable items were disposed into the crater that the Navy had originally used for dredge spoils
– Unburnable waste known to include glass, metal, porcelain, concrete, asphalt, ACM, and munitions-
related debris.
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HISTORY
Previous Studies
– 2014-2015 HDOE Soil Screening & Assessments
• ACM identified in debris at RHS track; surface soil screening for lead around RHS and MES under
background
• Deeper soil samples for ADA Path identified lead, mercury and dioxins exceeding EALs

– 2014-2015 Navy Time-Critical Removal Action (DU-7)

• TCRA conducted to remove contaminated soil and debris from areas where the HDOE was
performing intrusive activities to renovate the track and football field at RHS.
– Approximately 14,300 cubic yards of soil were excavated, screened for MPPEH, and removed for
reuse/disposal from the site
– Debris and discolored soil were encountered, including layers of apparently burned soil/debris,
boilers, industrial metal pieces, wire rope, ACM, and large pieces of concrete.
– Munitions and explosives of concern (MEC) were not identified during the TCRA; however, 828
MPPEH items were recovered and ultimately classified as material documented as safe (MDAS)
(a.k.a. expended, empty, or inert)
• Post-excavation and delineation MI soil sampling identified TPH (ORO), metals, and dioxins across
the Site
• A minimum of 1 foot of clean fill placed over a demarcation fabric (geotextile) 11/23/2022
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MAKALAPA CRATER NSY FUDS PROPERTY

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MAKALAPA CRATER NSY FUDS DECISION UNITS

DU-1: Makalapa Elementary School - Open Space/Play Areas (2.9 acres)
– Northern ¼ acre previously uninvestigated
DU-2: Radford High School - Walking Paths and Soccer/Practice Field (2.8 acres)
– Includes Gymnasium
DU-3: Radford High School - Soccer/Practice Field (1.2 acres)
DU-4: Radford High School – Baseball/Softball Fields, Tennis Courts (4.2 acres)
DU-5: Radford High School - Restricted Utility Easement (0.034 acres)
DU-6: Radford High School - Football Field Bus Turn-Around Area (0.23 acres)
DU-7 (EXCLUDED): Radford High School - Football Field/Track
DU-8: Radford High School Locker Room Entrances (0.33 acres)
DU-9: Radford High School - Restricted Utility Easement (0.035 acres)
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REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION & FEASIBILITY STUDY

– 2017-2021 Remedial Investigation
• MI soil samples collected from 8 DUs (DU-7 excluded) in 2017
– Samples from DUs 1, 2, 3, 4 & 9 collected from 3 depth intervals (0-0.5, 0.5-1, 1-2 feet bgs)
– Sample from DU-5 (disposal characterization) from 0-2 feet bgs; samples from DUs 6 & 8 collected
from 0-0.5 feet bgs
• COPCs identified in DUs 1, 2, 5, 6, 8 and 9 at concentrations exceeding PALs (HDOH Tier 1 and/or C/I
EALs)
• Human Health Risk Assessment conducted, which identified select areas / depths exceeding target
levels
– COPCs in DUs 2, 5, 6 and 9 pose an unacceptable risk to human health
• Debris evaluation (and DGM survey) conducted, which identified buried metal / glass debris on the
surface and in surface / shallow subsurface soils across the site
– Surface ACM debris poses ‘substantial endangerment to students and outdoor workers’
• Soil vapor / vapor intrusion pathway considered incomplete, but no sampling was conducted
• Feasibility Study recommended

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REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION & FEASIBILITY STUDY

– 2021 Feasibility Study
• Four alternatives evaluated: 1) No Action, 2) Institutional Controls, 3)
Surface Capping with ICs, 4) Excavation and Disposal
• Recommended Alternatives:
– DU-1: Surface Capping with ICs for 12,100 SF area of the DU
– DU-2 & DU-3: Excavation and Disposal of 2-feet of soil and backfill for
the practice/soccer field portion of the DU
– DU-4: No Action
– DU-5: Excavation and Disposal of 2-feet of soil and backfill
– DU-6: Excavation and Disposal of 6-inches of soil and backfill
– DU-7: No Action (previous TCRA)
– DU-8 & DU-9: Excavation and Disposal of 2-feet of soil and backfill
– Site-wide ICs to address deeper debris and potential soil contamination;
controls for deeper excavations; education/awareness; soil reuse and/or
disposal; changes in site use.

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HISTORICAL DATA REVIEW / DATA GAP ANALYSIS

Historical Data Review included:
• 2015, Property Survey Summary Sheet for DERP-FUDS Property No.
H09HI0484 Makalapa Crater Navy Salvage Yard
• 2016, DERP for FUDS Preliminary Assessment Makalapa Crater Navy
Salvage Yard, Halawa, District of Ewa, Island of Oahu, HI, FUDS Property
No. - H09HI0484
• 2017, Removal Verification Report Time Critical Removal Action at Radford
High School Field and Athletic Complex Makalapa Crater, Oahu, Hawaii
• 2021, Remedial Investigation Report for DERP FUDS Navy Salvage Yard
Honolulu, Island of Oahu, Hawaii Property No. H09HI0484
• 2021, Draft Final Feasibility Study (FS) Report for DERP FUDS Navy
Salvage Yard Honolulu, Island of Oahu, Hawaii Property No. H09HI0484
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HISTORICAL DATA REVIEW / DATA GAP ANALYSIS

Nine Principal Study Questions (PSQs) identified for the RI:
1. What is the nature and extent of contamination from former NSY activities?
2. What is the nature and lateral extent of chemical contaminants of potential
concern (COPCs) in the surface soil?
3. What is the nature and lateral extent of COPCs in subsurface soil within the DUs?
4. What is the nature and vertical extent of COPCs in the subsurface soil?
5. Does exposure to COPC concentrations in soil pose unacceptable risks to human
health and the environment?
6. Are buried debris areas and/or trenches present at the site and what is the nature
and extent?
7. Does the debris present at the site pose a potential physical hazard to human
health?
8. Is contamination migrating from the site, and if so, what are the migration
pathways and potential receptors?
9. Are landfill gases being generated by the buried debris, and if so, are they
present at detectable concentrations in the vicinity of underground utility vaults
and/or nearby buildings on the site?
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HISTORICAL DATA REVIEW / DATA GAP ANALYSIS

LANDFILL GASES / VAPOR INTRUSION PATHWAY DATA GAPS:

 PSQ #9:
• Are landfill gasses being generated at the site?
• Are landfill gasses present at detectable concentrations in underground utilities and/or site
buildings?
• No Further Action alternative – contingent upon whether landfill gasses are detected

 RI HHRA:
• Concluded vapor intrusion pathway is likely incomplete
• Methane and VOCs not included in RI COPCs
• RI includes caveat that incomplete pathway should be confirmed prior to future redevelopment
at the site (future enclosed structures)

Conclusion: Without determining soil gas and sub-slab vapor concentrations via direct
sampling at the site, potential vapor pathway cannot be adequately assessed.
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HISTORICAL DATA REVIEW / DATA GAP ANALYSIS

2015 Makalapa Crater RI
 Surface/subsurface soil,
groundwater and soil
gas sampling
 Soil gas TCE and
methane exceeded risk
assessment PALs
 Step-out sampling
 Methane soil gas
impacts limited to
Navy school
parking lot, not
migrating
 TCE and other
VOCs were
attributed to
industrial properties
to the east
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HISTORICAL DATA REVIEW / DATA GAP ANALYSIS

UNINVESTIGATED AREA (1/4 ACRE - NORTHERN CORNER OF DU-1) DATA GAPS:

 Initial RI scope included sampling within the northern-most portion of DU-1

• Subsequent TPP discussions eliminated soil sampling from this area because:
• Use by utilities and encroachment by residents
• Soil contamination (if detected) could not be attributed to historical NSY activities with
certainty
• DGM survey of the Site during RI included majority of this area
 Potential Impacts
• DU-5 previously excavated for pipeline repair – contaminated soil used as backfill
• Similar backfill could have been during the installation or maintenance of buried utilities in the
northern corner of DU-1
• Buried utilities - likelihood of sub-surface disturbance by site workers is high
• Documented use by residents
 PSQs #1-7:
• Cannot be completely addressed without soil characterization of the northern-most portion
• HHRA pathways cannot be assessed for potential receptors (continued encroachment)
Conclusion: Presence of COPCs in the soil and potential exposure pathways should be
assessed, despite uncertainty of DoD-attributed contamination, to protect receptors including
site workers and residents.
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HISTORICAL DATA REVIEW / DATA GAP ANALYSIS

2017 RI DIGITAL GEOPHYSICAL
MAPPING SURVEY:

 Anomalies present are described

as likely surface trash/debris and
a gas pipeline on western side
 Difficult to differentiate
subsurface from surface related
anomalies
 Unless surface features (i.e.
decks) are removed from
previously obstructed areas,
additional DGM not
recommended.

HISTORICAL DATA REVIEW / DATA GAP ANALYSIS
Data Gap
Soil Vapor / Vapor Intrusion :
• Neither sub-slab vapor or soil gas
sampling was conducted during the RI
prior to assessing the human health risk
assessment vapor intrusion pathway.
Uninvestigated northernmost 0.25-acre
portion of DU-1:
• Soil sampling not completed during the RI.
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Recommendation to Close Data Gap
• Collect sub-slab vapor samples from within the RHS
gymnasium and utility vaults around the site.
• Collect soil gas samples from monitoring points to be
installed north, south, and west of the gymnasium to
assess the presence or absence of landfill gasses
around existing RHS and MES.
• Collect a multi-incremental soil sample from each of
three soil depth intervals, up to 2 ft bgs, to
characterize the nature and extent of potential soil
contamination in this area. Depth intervals should
follow the approach performed in RI, and will include:
0-6 inches bgs, 6-12 inches bgs, and 12-24 inches
bgs.
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INVESTIGATION FIELD ACTIVITIES

Sub-Slab Vapor Sampling:
• Monitoring points installed in the RHS gymnasium to evaluate the vapor conditions beneath the slab
• Additional vapor intrusion samples in utility vaults or paved areas (tennis / basketball courts, parking lots,
etc.)
• At each sample location:
• Core through concrete / asphalt and install vapor pin
• Sampled and analyzed according to the QAPP and the HDOH Technical Guidance Manual

Soil Gas Sampling:

• Soil gas sampling points installed across the site to evaluate areas for future building construction
• At each sample location:
• Direct-push boring to approximately 5-feet and install steel vapor monitoring point
• Sampled and analyzed according to the QAPP and the HDOH Technical Guidance Manual

Laboratory analyses to include:

• Volatile organic compounds, including aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, and methane

Results will be incorporated into the RI Report and HHRA

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CONCEPTUAL RI VAPOR SAMPLING POINTS

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 PROPOSED SUPPLEMENTAL REMEDIAL
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INVESTIGATION FIELD ACTIVITIES (CONTINUED)

Uninvestigated Area Soil Characterization:
• Similar scope as RI
• One multi-incremental soil sample collected across the entire accessible area, from each of three depth
intervals (0-0.5 feet, 0.5-1.0 feet, and 1.0-2.0 ft bgs)
• Sampled and analyzed according to the QAPP and the HDOH Technical Guidance Manual

Laboratory analyses to include:

• Total petroleum hydrocarbons as motor oil range organics
• Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons
• PCBs
• Metals (As, Ba, cadmium, Pb, and Hg)
• Dioxins/furans

Results will be incorporated into the RI Report and HHRA

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UPCOMING SCHEDULE

Draft Draft-Final
Supplemental
UFP-QAPP UFP-QAPP UFP-QAPP
RI Field
Preparation Submittal to Submittal to
Activities
(Jan 2023) USACE HDOH
(Nov 2023)
(Feb 2023) (July 2023)
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QUESTIONS

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