dp Designation: A 320/A 320M - 94a (Reapproved 1995)* Standard Specification for Sa Alloy Steel Bolting Materials for Low-Temperature Service’ ‘This standard issued under the fed designation A 320/A 320M; the number medal folowing the ceigaton indies he ear of erignal adoption oe, he case of rvson, he er of last revision, A number ia parentheses indicates the Yer of ls ‘approval A supenesgt epi () inca an eo change sine the lat eso or approval. This specication has Been aproed for use by agencies of the Department of Defense, Conc the DoD Index of Spcteations and Standard forthe speci year of roe which ha ben ape bythe Department of Dense ‘Rare eywordh were ade Ta Deseaner 195 1. Scope 1.1 This specification? covers alloy steel bolting materials for pressure vessels, valves, flanges, and fittings for low- temperature service. The term “bolting material” as used in this specification covers rolled, forged, or strain hardened bars, bolts, screws, studs, and stud bolts. The bars shall be hot-wrought. The material may be further processed by centerless grinding or by cold drawing. Austenitic stainless steel may be solution annealed or annealed and strain- hardened. 1.2 Several grades are covered, including both ferrtie and austenitic steels designated L7, BB, etc. Selection will depend on design, service conditions, mechanical properties, and low-temperature characteristics. The mechanical require- ments of Table 2 indicate the diameters for which the ‘minimura mechanical properties apply to the various grades and classes, and Table 4 stipulates the requirements for Charpy impact energy absorption. The manufacturer should determine that the material can conform to these require- ments before parts are manufactured. For example, when Grade LA3 is specified to meet the Table 4 impact energy values at =150°F [=101°C), additional restrictions (such as procuring a stee! with lower P and S contents than might ‘normally be supplied) in the chemical composition for AISI 4340 are likely to be required [NoTs—The committe formulating this specification has included several grads of mateial that have been rater extensively used for the present purpose. Other comspostions will be coasidered for inclusion by the comitee from time to time a the need becomes apparent. Users should note that hardenabilty of some of the grades mentioned mey Tesric the manimum sie at Which the required mechanical properties ae obtainable 1.3 Nuts for use with this bolting material are covered in Section 9 and the mut material shall be impact tested. 1.4 Supplementary Requirements (S1, $2 and $3) of an optional nature are provided. They shall apply only when specified in the inquiry, contract and order. 1.5 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound ‘units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the "Tis specification suerte jurisdiction cf ASTM Comatite Aton Ste, ‘Suiales Stal and Relnod Alloys ands he diect respons of Sutcomentee ‘A0L2 on Valves, Fins, Boling. and Flanges fr Hip and Subsiompheric Tempentures ‘Caren edton approved Juve 15, 1954. Published August 194, Oxgeally publuhed us A320 18 T. Lat previous edition A 320-94 2 For ASME Boiler and Presre Vee Code appleations, se ted Spei- casos $4320 in Secon Il of ht Code applicable “M" specification designation (SI units), the ‘material shall be furnished to inch-pound units. 1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or Si units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the ‘ext, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in ‘each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system ‘must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification, 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: ‘429/.29M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought and Cold-Finished, General Re- uirements for? ‘A 194/A 194M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Stee! ‘Nuts fr Bol for High-Pressure and High-Temperature 4.276 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Stee! Bars and Shapes! A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Stee! Products? A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Stee! Products* E [8 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Harness of Metallic Materals* E566 Practice for Electromagnetic (Fddy-Current) Sorting of Ferrous Metals? F 436 Specification for Hardened Steel Washers? 2.2 American National Standards Institute Standards? B18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws 18,3 Hexagon Socket and Spline Socket Screws B18.22.1 Plain Washers 2.3 AIAG Standard: AIAG B-5 02.00 Primary Metals Identification Tag Appli- cation Standard"? 3 annual Bock of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.08. 1 Amal Bock of ASTM Standards, Vet 101 $ Annual Bock of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03. ‘nual Back of ASTM Standards, Vol 0301. "Annual Book of ASTM Standard, Vol 03.03 ‘Anaad Bock of ASTM Standards, Vel 1508 Aavaiibie for Amercas Rational Suodaris laine, 11 West 42nd St, 13mm Foor, New York, NY 10036. '*avalale fom Automotive Indusry Action Group, 26200 Later, Sue 200, Sout, MI 036.hb a320/A 320M 3. Ordering Information 3.1 The inquiry and order for material under this speci cation shall include the following as required to describe the material adequately: 3.1.1 Specification designation latest by grade as selected from Table 1, 3.1.2 Heat-treated condition (that is, for the austenitic stainless steels, solution treated (Class 1); solution treated after finishing (Class 1A), and annealed- and strain-hardened (Class 2)), 3.1.3 Quantity (number of pieces or weight), 3.1.4 Description of items required (bars, bolts, screws, or studs), 3.1.5 Dimensions (diameter, length of point, overall length, finish, shape, and threads), 3.1.6 Nuts and washers, if required by purchaser, in accordance with Section 9. 3.1.7 End use, 3.1.8 Supplementary requirements, if any, and 3.1.9 Special requirements, in accordance with 4.3.1, , and analysis 43.2, 433, 83, 101, Mal, and 13.11 4. Materials and Manufacture 4.1 Process—The steel shall be produced by any of the following primary processes: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, elec- ‘ricefurnace, or vacuum-induction melting (VIM). The pri- ‘mary melting may incorporate separate degassing or refining, ‘The molten steel may be vacuum-treated prior to or during pouring of the ingot. The basic oxygen process shall be limited to steels containing not over 6 % chromium. 4.2 Discard—A sufficient discard shall be made to secure freedom from injurious piping and undue segregation. 4.3, Heat Treatment; 4.3.1 The bolting material shall be allowed to cool to room temperature after rolling or forging. Grades L7, L7A, LTB, L7C, L7M, L43, Li, L70, L71, L72, and L73 shall be reheated 10 above the upper critical temperature and liquid quenched and tempered. Grades B8, B8C, B8M, BST, BSF, BSP, BELN, and BEMLN shall receive a carbide solution treatment, Products made from such material are described as Class |. This shall consist of holding the material for a TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements (Composition, %)* : Feri oe Stoo ‘entiation MU A 0 : 7,7, 70 TAA 178.172 v0.07 us u Greniam co ror Nia emia (SL 4840,4142. 0° Mobb Molden Mybderur orn Os (wisi aoa7, ast 4137) (aster) Prose Proaict Predict Product ange, YAFMREN.S ange, YaHON.S age, YAFMLON.X ange, Voraton, x x “owe = Owe = Oma Owe Ure Vosert Under Urner Gaon aa. a 00r ‘ase 00 040 43 043 02 Mergers 075-004 OTD-, O30] BODO. "00 090 090 ‘00 085 a0 Prosptons, 00350005 OBS, 0005S. 0m0S «MSS ous © 008s ants sunnmae 008) 000s 00K) 0005. Ms aH) 008 ood 0005, ons s Shion O15. 02” ONS OGRA OMNES. te 935 035 035 03s 035 030 Nias odo 00985005 70 200 Crvemiun 080-005 om 005 add OFde. S10 330 80 90 Maiyodonun 015-002 ORONO OR OUR ae Ome a8 030 25 030 030 Boron ooo ‘0009 Type ‘Rane Siege, Gass 1,7, and 2 ‘ercaion Srrbok 26. Baa B80, BISA ‘ores ‘Diaazed Te Gieomsn hie (AS Type 304) ‘Saban 18 Grom Weel AS Type 7) ‘Produ Vator, Product Vartion ag. args. (rr or nee Or ot nde atom wa O08 0.01 over Doe 0.01 ever aanganeos, max 200 0. over 200 0.4 over Prono, mae OoMs D010 eve Does S010 owe Some. mae 2030 1.008 over 030 1.005 ove ‘Son ee 100. 0.05 or ‘00 8.08 over Now e008 O18 Se130 o13 (train 100-200 020 170-190 029 ‘Cok + tata 10 xeon 1.05 uncer ‘coment rieGh a sz sufficient time at a temperature at which the chromium carbide will go into solution and then cooling in air or in a liquid medium at a rate sufficient to prevent reprecipitation of the carbide. Material thus treated is described as Class 1. If specified in the purchase order, material shall be solution treated in the finished condition; material so treated is described as Class 1A. 4.3.2 When increased mechanical properties are desired, the austenitic bolting materials shall be solution annealed and strain hardened if specified in the purchase order, ‘material so treated is identified as Class 2. 4.3.3 If seale-free bright finish is required, this shall be specified im the purchase order. 4.3.4 For L7M bolting, the final heat treatment, which say be the tempering or stress-elieving operation conducted 0/4 320M 44 1150°F [620°C] minimum, shall be done after machining or rolling of the threads. ‘5. Chemical Composition 5.1 Heat Analysis—An analysis of each heat of steel shall ‘be made by the manufacturer to determine the percentages Of the elements specified in Table 1. This analysis shall be made from a test ingot taken during the pouring of the heat ‘The chemical composition thus determined shall be reported to the purchaser or the purchaser's representative, and shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1. 5.2 Product Analysis—An analysis may be made by the purchaser from samples representing the bolting material, ‘The chemical composition thus determined shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1 TABLE 1 Contnued ie “aici is, Ganon 11K wa iertonior s oer, 25ta EP PA OF, BFA aN, BEN Tented ae Subic chensend “Seems we aes Sate nA Santo Naz Nea ASI ype 32) Nom At p35 wn) erp ‘ripe =)” Monee rotted carbon) zl waa roa mea mee maa vias vaio veasiee ver & vein px LES age, x LEME page, VERIO MERE agg WEE Pm ror nee OS Ore MME Gere MOE Cree ed rows Seat ooo en a cd 3S G01 ow 908 EOI ovr Niwenwe res £00, Detww $00 Oar $2 tote 200 Sod poocm: Goss ftom 808 Strom Sm Sowa doe Sore oar S00, Docs Cogmm 0008 ont Goe,max GorDere Beaemax 00s re Soon max ton Beso $00" Dae one tm Stsew” tan" Stee" pee aes fa ie os wt ons Sy On8 m8 a, ue wb wo we 0. renin ao fat Sy 0a 2, om ho 028 20 béonen a 10 au ‘nin ont Teer Co 0.05 rw ips Taio Gs, Gases 11K ww ‘erin Srb0 Bein Bain avin ana ‘Taasized 1 Groom tc vin veges Urvaitaed 18 Groniom0 awa Wavoamran wah oe Caet ye SOV rented eae) ‘rope ASI Type an win ate ca re Vai oe vw or on as 2000 0005 or oon Morgue, max S00 Sonor 200, momvown nas iets foto oer oes Shera S000 tas oe! 000 Six oe tom tosowe 0 ter eoeias ts Teo Grorian e200 a wows Sovoomen Zoo-eo Poston aioe an araare “Te rntinal don TB, Se, To, and Po a ot parted excap for Grado BEF n which sarkum o oped and rues * Pcie anajals nv dolorinaons sometimes vary om the spec | leet ns hot iy not very bot above and ow the ison ranges us srcw he tele. The seat! Ctarmhasons of ay rd spaced range. Fore (TM gad, a minim crbon cork of 0.28 rs perked proves ha the ecued neopets ae met the scons mv: outa ot AIS 4130 oF 30H owe Chase 1 are mde om solsion wasted material Cues 1A products (BBA, BECA, BOMA, BPA, BSFA, and BETA) ae soluten-reaadin he fished condo. Clee 2 woul a Skier Weated and sarod,Gp A320/A 320M 5.3 The steel shall not contain an unspecified element for the ordered grade to the extent that the steel conforms to the requirements of another grade for which that element is a specified element, Furthermore, elements present in concen- trations greater than 0.75 weight/percent shall be reported. Chemical analysis shall be performed in accordance with Test Methods A751. ‘Mechanical Requirements 6.1 Tensile Properties: 6.1.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as to tensile properties prescribed in Table 2 at room tempera- ture after heat treatment (see 4.3.1) 6.1.2 Number of Tests: 6.12.1 For heat-treated bars, one tension test and one impact test consisting of three specimens shall be made for each diameter of each heat represented in each tempering charge. In the continuous type treatment, a charge shall be defined as 6000 Ib (2700 kg]. 6.1.2.2 For studs, bolts, screws, etc., one tension test and one set of three impact specimens shall be made for each diameter of each heat involved in the lot, Each lot shall consist of the following: Diameter, in (m0) 14 0 and wader (Over 18 [30] to 14 [45 ine Lot Size, a 150 (680) o action het 4500 [2040 or faction thereat (Over 16 [4] to 2 [68 nc 000 [2700 or faton tere Over 24 (5), 100 ples or faces hee? 6.1.2.3 Tension and impact tests are not required 10 be made on bolts, screws, studs, or stud bolts which are fabricated from’ heat-treated bars furnished in accordance with the requirements of this specification and tested in accordance with 6.1.2.1, provided they are not given a subsequent heat treatment. 6.1.3 Test Specimens—Tension test specimens taken from finished bolts, screws, studs, or stud bolts shall be machined to the form and dimensions and shall be taken TABLE 2 Mechanical Requirements “orale Wald Sven eduction i i Sreogh ning neh Haarana (tas ane Grae, Diaretrre Heat Tear a Pe Mea} fet) eri Forte Sioa Ga, eee. ae 1 6 w 68) end una uancnad ond tempered Ineo) 28), ws 8 "08 6 0 100] ar und? quenched ad emper (eso) 728) uw ‘ee cy 8 502359 o ‘HAS 2 65) aed unr wenchad and tempered at HSO°F (680) 850} (620°C) mn 25 105 6 » enced od warped (aeo) ras Actos Sie ‘cathe sition Posed 75 Ey w Ree sis) 26 HRS cure econ vated ne 78 20 % ween 90 ‘ished conation (55) 5) 1 care etiton vated ac evan harsoned [20] ae under us 100 2 35 sears (960) 0) ic er 84101 (20 1 25) et 18 0 6 30 S21 Bos ss} AG vert 1% (25192) re 5 s » 36 IB or 5 2) as) wc ‘ver 1410 1% [82 40, nae "00 50 2s 45 seh oa a) HAC les 2 BoM: cae elton votes one evan ‘harcered [0] and uncer 110 9% 6 45 seas sss nc ‘rer 10 1 (201029), et “00 0 Ey 45 ahora (eso) 50 Re er 10 1% [26 1 9} 6 s 2s rae ord (6s) as) RC ver 1 to 194 2 040}, ae ‘0 50 2» 5 Be (e20)___ ts Re. “Gass | praats we ado Wm solu raated alsa Casa YA prada we sao Waaled he ised conclion coon veaistance ea! Waste ‘teal tor otarcing te phy! propery snd meeting to moctancal propery roqurmerts, les 2 product ae mado for slton-veald mato! at has boon fan arcirad. Austere soos m i Stasverdered Condon fay At show unfoam properties Prougret he cose seton, pricy 826s vw [20 To moet ha lraieroquremerts, tho tral harness shat ot be tes han 200 HB oF 99 HRB. For ales 9 [20 rn in areca mar, a mas hardhass of 241 HE (100 HRB) isparited. Trae upper ameter ia ware eiablarad ote ban tee wor tha igen ses cmon vadale hal consandy met spercatonsropry ii ‘There ol tended as absolute Wnts beyond whch boing mat could ongr be cere othe speceation. 4hb A 320/a 320M TABLE 3. Recommended Tost Temperature for Stock Parte "est Tempertire a, 70,7, 72,73 UAB, 20 ta) ue from positions shown in Annex A3 on Steel Fasteners, paragraph A3.2.1.7 of Test Methods and Definitions A 370. Tension test specimens from bar stock are covered by Test Methods and Definitions A 370 in Annex Al, “Steel Bar Products.” 6.1.4 Test Method—Tension tests shall be made in accor- ‘dance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370 including speed of testing in the section on Testing Apparatus and Operations, on speed of testing, and the parts of Annex A3, “Steel Fasteners,” applicable to machined test specimens. 6.2 Impact Properties: 6.2.1 Requirements: 6.2.1.1 Material of Grades L7, L7A, LTB, L7C, L7M, 143, L70, L71, L72, and L73 shall show a minimum impact ‘energy absorption of 20 ft-Ibf [27 J] and of Grade Li a minimum impact energy absorption of 40 f-1bf [54 J] at the test temperature when tested by the procedure specified in the applicable portions of Sections 19 to 28 of Test Methods and Definitions A 370, The temperature of the coolant used for chilling the test specimens shal be controlled within =3°F [1.5°C). Impact tests are not required for carbide solution {treated or strain hardened Grades B8, BSF, BSP, BBM, BET, BELN and BEMLN for temperatures above ~325'F [-200°C}; for carbide solution treated Grades B8, BEP, BEC, and B8LN above —425°F [-255°C}; for all ferritic and austenitic steel grades of bolting Yin. [12.5 mm) and smaller in diameter. AU other material furnished under this specification shall be tested. Test temperatures for fertitic grades are listed in Table 3. Exceptions to this requirement are permissible, and the impact tests may be made at specified temperatures different than those shown in Table 3, provided the test temperature is at least as low as the intended service temperature and the bolting is suitably marked to identify the reported test temperature, When impact testing is required for austenitic grades, test criteria shall be agreed upon between the supplier and purchaser. 6.2.1.2 The impact test requirements for standard and subsize Charpy test specimens are prescribed in Table 4. 6.2.2 Number of Tests: TABLE 4 Impact Energy Absorption Requirem ‘imum pct Valwe Mir impeat Vaue ‘Size of Specimen, Regurod or Average of Parte for One mm Cech Get of Teo Spectre Ory of a Set, Sperone, REN} ne ‘A Graces Except 17 Wo ‘aT wie 100975 19122) 208 Grade Lf Woy 10 0154) 30 soby75 2a) 24 2 “Se 82.1.1 for partied oxarpions, 6.2.2.1 The test requirements for heat-treated bars are siven in 6.1.2.1 6.2.2.2 For test requirements on studs, bolts, serews, ete, see 6.1.2.2 and 6.1.2.3 62.2.3 Impact tests are not required to be made on heat-ireated bars, bolts, screws, studs, ard stud bolts ‘2 in. [12.5 mm] and under in diameter. 62.3 Test Specimens: 6.2.3.1 The impact test specimen shall have the form and dimensions shown in Fig. 10 of Test Methods and Defini tions A 370 for the Charpy V-notch specimen, Type A. The notch shall be located on the test specimen surface which ‘most closely approaches a radial direction. The base of the notch shall be as nearly as practicable perpendicular to the surface of the bat. 6.2.3.2 For sections 1 in, [25 mm] or less in diameter, test specimens shall be taken at the axis, for sections over 1 in, [25 mm} in diameter, midway between the axis and the surface, 63 Hardness Requirements: 63.1 The hardness shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 2 with testing performed in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370. 63.2 The maximum hardness of Grade L7M shall be 235, HB or 99 HRB (conversion in accordance with Table 2B of Test Methods and Definitions A 370). Minimum hardness shall not be less than 200 HB or 93 HRB. Conformance to this hardness shal! be ensured by testing the hardness of each stud or bolt by Brinell or Rockwell B methods as described in the sections on Brinell Test, Portable Hardness Test, and Rockwell Test of Test Methods and Definitions A 370 63.2.1 The usc of 100% electromagnetic testing. for hardness 2s an alternative to 100% indentation hardness testing is permissible when qualified by sampling using indentation hardness testing. Each lot tested for hardness electromagneticalty shall be 100 % examined in accordance with Practice E 566, Following electromagnetic testing for hardness, a random sample of 2 minimum of 100 pieces in each purchase lot (es defined in 6.1.2.2) shall be tested by indentation hardness methods, All samples must meet hard- ‘ess requirements to permit acceptance ofthe lot, Fany one sample is outside of the specified maximum or minimum hardness, the lot shall be rejected and either reprocessed and resampled, or tested 100% by indentation hardness methods. 6.3.2.2 In the event a controversy exists relative 10 min- imum strength, tension tesis shall prevail over hardness readings. Products which have been tested and found accept- able shal! have a line under the grade symbol. 63.2.3 Surface preparation for indentation hardness testing shall be in accordance with Test Methods E 18. Hardness tests shall be performed on the end of the bolt or stud. When this is impractical, the hardness test shall be performed elsewhere. 7. Retests 7.1 If the results of the mechanical tests of any test lot do ‘not conform to the requirements specified, the manufacturer ‘may retreat such lot not more than twice, in which case two additional tension tests and one additional impact test ‘consisting of three specimens shall be made from such Jot, all4h A 320/A 320M TABLE 5 Permissible Varitons in Size of Hot-Rolled Bars Poerisio Vreion Fare Spwctaa San, _ Seto Sa eee mn) Oar 8 a or 013 0.008 ‘008070 vt i (ce! 015 0.008 D000 073 Over eto 116} 8 O16 oor Dow ozs Over seo 7a 2) 020 08 bo 990 ee Tae 129} 023 008 bors 033 Over 9 14 9) et 025 oto bors O36 (eo wo 3 22) 928 oon ons os (Gree 1M tae bso foe bom oss ‘Ore 941 1 a), a 036 oot baa oss Over 15 10 250) et D4 te 02a ose Seer 2024 6.0L eo oo 2023 O88 of which shall conform to the requirements specified. 8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance 8.1. Bos, screws, studs, and stud bolts shall be pointed and shall have a workmanlike finish. Points shall be flat and chamfered or rounded at option of the manufacturer. Length of points on studs and stud bolts shall be not less than one nor more than two complete threads as measured from the extreme end parallel to the axis. Length of studs and stud Dolis shall be measured from first thread to first thread, 8.2 Standard permissible variations for dimensions of bars shall be as prescribed in Table 5. Aside from the tolerances given in Table 5, additional tolerances for the basic materials are given in Specifications A 29/A 29M and A 276. 8.3 Bolt heads shall be in accordance with the dimensions of ANSI BI8.2.1. Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, the Heavy Hex Screws Series should be used, except the maximum body diameter and radius of fillet may be the same as for the Heavy Hex Bolt Series. Socket-head fasteners shall be in accordance with ANSI BI8.3. 9 Nuts and Washers 9.1 Bolts, studs, and stud bolts of Grades L7, LTA, L7B, LIC, 143, LI, L70, L71, L72, and 73 shall be equipped with ferritic alloy outs conforming to Grade 4 or Grade 7 of Specification A (94/A 194M or a grade of steel similar to the studs, Grade 7M nuts at a hardness not exceeding 235 HB {or equivalent) shall be used with Grade L7M bolts, studs, and stud bolts. All nut materials, including those which may be supplied under Specification A 194/A 194M, shall be subject to the impact requirements of this specification in the following manner: impact tests shall be made on test specimens taken from the bar or plate from the heat of steel used for manufacturing the nuts, and heat treated with the ‘nut blanks, 9.2 Bolts, studs, and stud bolts of Grades B8, BEC, BET, BSP, B8F, B8M, B8LN, and BEMLN shall be equipped with austenitic alloy nuts conforming to Grades 8, 8C, 8T, 8M, BLN, and 8MLN for Specification A 194/A 194M. Impact tests are not required for Grades 8F, 8M, 8T, and MLN for temperatures above ~325°F [~200°C] and for Grades 8, 8P, 8C, and 8LN-above ~425°F [-255°C]. 9.3 If the purchaser requires nuts with a Charpy impact, energy absorption of not less than 20 ft-ibf [27 J} at temperatures below —150°F [~100'C}, he may require that the nuts conform to Grades 8, 8C, 8M, 8P, 8T, 8F, SLN, or 8MLN of Specification A 194/A 194M, 9.4 Washers for use with ferritic steel bolting shall con- form to Specification F 436. 9.5. Washers for use with austenitic steel bolting shall be made of austenitic stee! as agreed upon between the manu- facturer and purchaser, 9,6 Washer dimensions shall be in accordance with re- quirements of ANSI B18.22.1, unless otherwise specified in the purchase order. 10. Threads 10.1 All alloy steel bolts, studs, and stud bolts, unless otherwise specified, shall be threaded in accordance with ANSI BI, Class 2A fit, sizes 1 in. {25 mm] and smaller in Giameter with the Coarse Thread Series, and 1 in. (29 men) and larger in diameter with the & Pitch Thread Series, 10.2 Where practical, all threads shall be formed after heat treatment. Class 1A, Grades BBA, BECA, BSMA, BPA, BEFA, BETA, BBLNA, and BSMLNA are to be solution: treated in the finished condition 11, Inspection 11.1 The inspector representing the purchaser shall have free entry, at all times while work on the contract of the purchaser is being performed, to all parts of the mamufactur- er’s works that concen the manufacture of the material ordered, The manufacturer shall afford the inspector all reasonable facilities to satisfy him that the material is being. furnished in accordance with this specification. All tests (except product analysis) and inspection shall be made at the place of manufacture prior to shipment, unless otherwise specified, and shall be so conducted as not to interfere unnecessarily with the operation of the works. 12, Rejection and Rehearing 121 Rejection: 12.1.1 Unless otherwise specified in the order, any rejec- tion based on tests made in accordance with 5.2 shall be reported to the manufacturer within 30 days from the receipt of samples by the purchaser. 12.1.2. Material that shows defects subsequent to its accep- tance at the manufacturer's works shall be rejected, and the ‘manufacturer shall be notified. 12.2. Rehearing—Samples tested in accordance with 5.2 that represent rejected material shal be preserved for 2 weeks from the date of the test report. In case of dissatisfaction with the results of the tests, the manufacturer may make claim for 2 rehearing within that time, 13, Certification 13.1 When agreed upon in writing between the manufac- turer and the purchaser, a certification that the material conforms to the requirements of this specification shall be the basis of acceptance of the material. Otherwise, the ‘manufacturer shall report to the purchaser or the purchaser's representative the results of the chemical analyses and ‘mechanical tests made in accordance with the specification, ‘The specification designation included on test reports shall include year of issue and revision letter, if any.Qh} A 320/A 320M 14, Product Marking 14.1 Grade and manufacturer's symbols shall be applied to one end of studs % in. [10 mm] in diameter and larger and to the heads of bolts 4% in. {6 mm] in diameter and larger. (If the available area is inadequate, the grade symbol may be marked on one end and the manufacturer's identifi- cation symbol marked on the other end.) The identification symbol shall be as shown in Table 1. In the case of Class 2, Grades B8, BBC, B8M, BSP, BAF, and BST strain hardened as provided in Table 2, a line shall be stamped under the ‘grade symbol in order to distinguish it from Class 1 and Class TA bolting which has not been strain hardened. In the case of Class 1A, the marking BRA, BECA, B8MA, BPA, BEFA, BBTA, BSLNA, and B8MLNA identifies the material a5 being in the solution-treated condition in the finished stat. Grade LIM which has been 100 % evaluated in conform- ance with this specification shall have a line under the grade symbol to distinguish it from L7M produced to previous revisions not requiring 100 % hardness testing. 14.2 For bolting materials, including threaded bars, that are furnished bundled and tagged or boxed, the tags and ‘boxes shall carry the grade symbol for the material identifi cation and the manufacturer's identification mark or name. 14.3 Nuts from materials that have been impact tested shall be marked with the letter “L” 14.4 For purposes of identification marking, the manu- facturer is considered the organization that certifies the fastener was manufactured, sampled, tested, and inspected in accordance with the specification and the results have been determined to meet the requirements of this specification. 14.5 Bar Coding—tn addition to the requirements in 14.1, 142, 143, and 14.4, bar coding is acceptable as a supplementary identification method. Bar coding should be consistent with AIAG Standard B-5 02.00. If used on small items, the bar code may be applied to the box or a sub- stantially applied tag 15. Keywords 15.1 additional clements, austenitic stainless steel; bolts— steel; chromium-molybdenum steel; fasteners—stecl; mark- ings on fittings; nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy steel; pressure vessel service; stainless stee! bolting material; start- ing material; steel bars—alloy; steel bolting material; steel flanges; steel valves; temperature service applications—low SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS ‘The following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the inquiry, ‘contract, and order. SI. Impact Properties S11 When impact properties are desired for austenitic steel grades exempt from testing under 6.2.1, test shall be ‘made as agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser, 2. Marking $2.1 Grade and manufacturer's identification symbols shall be applied to one end of studs and to the heads of bolts of all sizes. (Ifthe available area is inadequate, the grade symbol may be marked on one end and the manufacturers identification symbol marked on the other end.) For bolts and studs smaller than % in. (6 mm] in diameter and for Ya in, [6 mm] studs requiring more than a total of three symbols, the marking shall be a matter of agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer. ‘83. Lateral Expansion $3.1 When lateral expansion measurements for ferritic steels are required in addition to the energy absorption requirements of 6.2.1.1, the minimum value for each spec- jimen of @ set must be 015 in, (0.38 mm]. The test ‘temperature shall be specified by the purchaser and agreed upon by the producer. [Nore—Grades L7, L7A, L7B wil generally have difficulty meeting ‘the minimara valve at ~ {50°F [~101%C). Grade L43 may be prefered. APPENDIX (Nonmandatory Information) Xi. STRAIN HARDENING OF AUSTENITIC STEELS X11 Stain hardening is the increase in strength and hardness that results from plastic deformation below the recrystalization temperature (cold work). This effect is produced in austenitic stainless steels by reducing oversized bars or wire to the desired final size by cold drawing or other process. The degree of strain hardening achievable in any alloy is limited by its strain hardening characteristics. In addition, the amount of strain hardening that can be produced is further limited by the variables of the process, such asthe total amount of cross-section reduction, die angle and bar size, In large diameter bars, for example, plastic deformation will occur principally in the outer regions of the bar, so that the increased strength and hardness due to strain hardening is achieved predominantly near the surface of the bar. That is, the smaller the bar, the greater the penetration of strain hardening, X1.2 Thus, the mechanical properties of a given strain hardened fastener are dependent not just on the alloy, but also on the size of bar from which it is machined. The minimum bar size that can be used, however, is established by the configuration of the fastener, so that the configuration ccan affect the strength of the fastener.4} 4 320/A 320M X1,3 For example, a stud of a particular alloy and size required to accommodate the head of the bolt. The stud, may be machined from a smaller diameter bar than a bolt of therefore, is likely to be stronger than the same size bolt in a the same alloy and size because a larger diameter bar is given alloy. ‘The Americar Solty for Teatng and Mate takes ne potion sapcting he vay of ay patent igh assed ncoenecton wan ary tam rontoned in his sandard. Users of thi stancard wr eres ceed that cotarmiaon of th val of any suc Dato! rhs, and te ako ingen! fever, 7 aay thal own repent ‘Ta tarda i eubect fo rviion at ny tne by te cesponsible technical cary and ct ba reviewed every the yours end 100 rose, et rapproved or whtcawn, You Garanerts we Fetal eter fo roraon of Sis ward o redo! ancards td suid ba acrosed o ASTM Hoadgurtae. Your comments wl receive care coraderaon ate mening of the reeporaie {choca carton, which you may ated you fal tt Your Coren heve a rected 8 fa ara you should mak Your ‘ines known toe ASTM Contos on Stands, 109 Bat Haro Gv, West Gatahohocka, PA TB42h