Advanced technology of the twentieth century has brought great changes in

hospitality industry. People expect a wide range of accommodations and rates:

B&B (bed and breakfast) (a rate that combines a night's accommodation with a breakfast
the following day), American plan (a rate that includes three meals a day), and European
plan (an accommodation-only rate that includes no meal). People also expect a wide
range of dining choices from full-service restaurants (restaurants that cook to order more
than a dozen main-course items) to cafeterias (self-service restaurants where food is
displayed on a counter and the guests can pick what they like). The institutional food
service establishments of this type are usually called canteens. The fast-paced century
created fast food industry (quick-service restaurants that offer limited menus) and a great
variety of tourist and leisure facilities, both commercial (which compete for their
customers in the open market) and non-commercial (financed from the state budget).

The word hospitality comes from "hospice", an old French word meaning "to
provide care and shelter". The first institutions of this kind, taverns, had existed long
before the word was coined. In Ancient Rome they were located on the main roads, to
provide food and fresh horses and overnight accommodation for officials and couriers of
the government with special documents. The contemporaries proclaimed these inns to be
"fit for a king". That is why such documents became a symbol of status and were subject
to thefts and forgeries. Some wealthy landowners built their own taverns on the edges of
their estates. Nearer the cities, inns and taverns were run by freemen or by retired
gladiators who would invest their savings in this business in the same way that many of
today's retired athletes open restaurants. Innkeepers, as a whole, were hardly the Conrad
Hiltons of their day. Inns for common folk were regarded as dens of vice and often
served as houses of pleasure. The owners were required to report any customers who
planned crimes in their taverns. The penalty for not doing so was death. The death
penalty could be imposed merely for watering the beer!

The hospitality and tourism industry has changed more than a little since the first
motel, in San Luis Obispo, California, was opened in 1925. (Its rooms went for $2.50 a
night.) Today, there are more than four million guest rooms in the country, and tourists
and businesspeople spend about $550 billion each year on travel in the United States As
a vast and growing industry, hospitality and tourism provides more opportunities for
ambitious educated and uneducated persons who enjoy working with people. The
hospitality and tourism industry has been working in a more competitive environment. It
is essential that those seeking careers as successful professionals develop a strong
business foundation and customer service skills. There are few main themes are to be
required to promote the hospitality and tourism industry such as international tourism
planning; the development and operation of hotels; Europe and the Single Market;
planning issues and techniques; service improvement; finance and performance; and the
psychology of management. The purpose of this study is to identify, analyze, and noted
the future trends that has been done related to hospitality and tourism sector. This kind of
study will be helpful to identify both the advancement and some gaps in this field, thus
help to establish a more efficient, effective, and accountable tourism research to support
practical work.