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SOFT TISSUE APPLICATIONS OF LASERS

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Contents
Introduction
Working principle
Classification
Types of soft tissue lasers
Clinical Applications of laser
Advantages
Disadvantages
Conclusion
Reference
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INTRODUCTION
LASER is an acronym for ‘Light Amplification by the
Stimulated Emission of Radiation’ and introduced by Gordon
Gould.
This innovative technology works on principle of stimulated
emission theory which was proposed by Einstein in 1917.
The first experiment with lasers in dentistry was reported in a
study about the effects of a pulsed ruby laser on human caries.
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Working principle
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Classification
1. Based on active medium
Solid state
Gas
Dye
2. Mode of action
Contact mode(focused or defocused)-
Ho:YAG ; Nd: YAG
Non- contact mode (focused or defocused)-
CO2, diode
3. Based as application
Soft tissue laser - Argon, Co2, diode;
Nd: YAG
Hard tissue laser - Er : YAG
Resin curing laser - Argon
 Different types of lasers PA-LR-50

Laser Wavelength Indications

Pigmented lesions, vascular

Argon 488 mm, 514mm
anomalies, plastic surgery

Periodontal surgery ,
Diode 620-900 nm
Bleaching,soft tissue surgery

CO2 10600 nm Soft tissue procedures

Soft tissue procedures, periodontal

Nd:YAG 1064 nm
surgery, pigmented lesions

Arthroscopic surgery, soft tissue

Ho:YAG 2100 nm
surgery

Bone-surgery, skin resurfacing,

Er:YAG 2944 nm
cavity preparations
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Clinical Applications
Lingual frenectomy
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Excision biopsy on tongue

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Gingivoplasty
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Gingival depigmentation
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Applications in oral medicine

Herpes labialis Leukoplakia Lichen planus

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Advantages
Dry surgical field and better visualisation
Tissue surface sterilisation and reduction in bacteremia
Achieve good hemostasis with the reduced need for sutures
Decreased pain
Faster healing response
Increased patient acceptance
Minimal mechanical trauma
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Disadvantages
Equipment relatively high in cost
Operations of laser required specialised training
Lasers are only end cutting;side cutting and shaping cannot be
performed
No single wavelength will optimally treat all dental disease
There is inability to remove metallic and cast-porcelain defective
restorations by erbium family lasers
Harmful to eyes and skin
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Conclusion
The application of lasers has been recognised as alternative approach in soft tissue
surgeries .laser treatment have been show to be superior to conventional
mechanical approaches with regard to easy ablation,decontamination and
hemostasis ,as well as less surgical and postoperative pain in soft tissue
management
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Reference
1.Mahavir. B. Mishra, Shanu Mishra "Lasers and its Clinical Applications
in Dentistry" International Journal Of Dental Clinics2011:3(4):35-38
2.Roy George "Laser in dentistry-Review" International Journal Of
Dental Clinics 2009: 1(1): 13-19.
3.Mohamad h jamad , "an overall view : lasers application in dentistry"
international journal of pharmacology international journal of
pharmacology 2011, 7 (2) 189-196.
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