Exercise 4.

(&) y = jx+6j. We know from Example 7 in Section 2.1 that IXI is not
differentiable at 0, so jx+61 is not differentiable when x+6 = 0 = x= -6 by the
same reasoning. So f'(-6) doesn't exist, therefore -6 is a critical number.
x+6 if x� -6 if x> -6
Since y - { '· y' - L
- -x-6 if x< -6 1 if x< -6
So y' is never 0. So the only critical number is -6.
3
(h) Y = fi ; y' = . y' doesn't exist when x = 0, y' never equals 0.
p
3 , x2
So O is the only critical number.

(i) Y = x- {x; y' - 1-

2
}x . y' exists for all x>0. y' - 0

fx = ¼ = x= l, So O and i are the only critical numbers.

y' exists for all x>J. y'= 0 = 3x 3

�( � -ll= 0 => ,;<-I = 0
�x-1 -
So � and 1 are the only critical numbers. 2/3 is not in the domain so 1 is the only critical

t , t+l-t I
number.
(k) Y = t-1- ; Y = 2 = 1)2 . y' exists for all t ;of - t. y' = O =
1 (t + l> (t +
1
2 = 0 to which there are no solutions. Since -1 is not in the domain of y, it
(t+ 1)
cannot be a critical number, so there are no critical numbers.
t , t'+ 1-2t 1-t2 .
= -°=-"-= y' exists for all t.
2

(I) y t2+1; y (t2+O2 ct

=
+
2
1>2
y' = 0 = 1 -t = 0 = t= ± 1. So 1 and -1 are critical numbers.
2

4. Cal f(xl = 2x -8x+ I, 0,s;: xs: 3

2

f'(x) = 4x-8 ; f' exists for all x. f'(x) = 0 when x = 2. So 2 is the only critical
number. f(2) = - 7, f(0) = 1, f(3) = - 5. So the absolute maximum value is
f(0) = 1 and the absolute minimum value is f(2) = - 7.
(bl f(x)= 3+2(x+1J , -3s;xs;2
2

f'(x) = 4x +4 ; f' exists for all x. f'(x) = 0 when x = -1. So - 1 is the only
critical number. f(- I) = 3, f(-3) = 11, f(2) = 21. So the absolute maximum value
is f(2) = 21 and the absolute minimum value is f(-1) = 3.
(c)-f(x) = 2x -3x , -2,s;:xs;2
3 2

f'(x) = 6x
2
- 6x ; f' exists for all x. f'(x) - 0 when x - 0, x - 1. So 0 and 1 are
the critical numbers. f(0) = 0, f(l) = -1, f(- 2) = - 28, f(2) = 4. So the absolute
maximim value is f(2) = 4 and the absolute minimum value is f( -2) = -28.
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