ELECTRONIC FLIGHT INSTRUMENT

SYSTEM

(EFIS)

Prepared By: Sikandar Hussain

 EFIS
An Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS) is a
flight deck instrument display system in which the
display technology used is electronic rather than
electromechanical.
Early EFIS systems portray information using
cathode ray tube (CRT) technology. Later
instrument displays are presented on multi-colour
liquid-crystal display (LCD) screens, which replace
some or all of the conventional flight instruments
 EFIS
A typical EFIS system comprises a Primary Flight
Display (PFD) (Electronic Attitude Direction
Indicator (EADI) and an Electronic Horizontal
Situation Indicator (EHSI) (Navigation Display). In
some designs the two displays are integrated into
one.
EFIS
 EFIS

Attitude Indicator Electronic Horizontal

Situation Indicator (EHSI)
 EFIS

Integrated Primary Flight Display (PFD) / Electronic

Attitude Direction Indicator (EADI)
 EFIS
Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator (EHSI)/Navigation Display
(ND)
EHSI OR Navigation Display (ND), replaces a number of different
instruments found on a conventional aircraft instrument panel, and may
be used to depict some or all of the following information:
● Heading flown;
● Heading or track selected;
● Bearing to or from a navigation beacon (VHF Omnidirectional Radio
Range (VOR), Distance Measuring Equipment (DME));
● Lateral deviation from a selected track;
● Ground speed, distance and time to go;
● Aeronautical map;
● Weather information;
 EFIS

HEADING INDICATOR EHSI

ENGINE INDICATING AND CREW
ALERTING SYSTEM
(EICAS)
 ENGINE INDICATING AND CREW ALERTING
SYSTEM (EICAS)
EICAS is an aircraft system for displaying engine parameters
and alerting crew to system configuration or faults.
An EICAS system will display engine parameters and,
depending upon manufacturer and model, may display other
information such as fuel quantity, cabin pressure or landing
gear and flap/slat position. It will also alert the crew to aircraft
configuration issues such as open passenger or cargo doors and
will, in conjunction with a Master Warning or Master Caution
light and aural alert, indicate system faults and failures by
displaying the Quick Reference Handbook (QRH) checklist title
of the appropriate remedial action.
 ENGINE INDICATING AND CREW ALERTING
SYSTEM (EICAS)
EICAS is an aircraft system for displaying engine parameters
and alerting crew to system configuration or faults.
An EICAS system will display engine parameters and,
depending upon manufacturer and model, may display other
information such as fuel quantity, cabin pressure or landing
gear and flap/slat position. It will also alert the crew to aircraft
configuration issues such as open passenger or cargo doors and
will, in conjunction with a Master Warning or Master Caution
light and aural alert, indicate system faults and failures by
displaying the Quick Reference Handbook (QRH) checklist title
of the appropriate remedial action.
ENGINE INDICATING AND CREW ALERTING
SYSTEM (EICAS)
ENGINE INDICATING AND CREW ALERTING
SYSTEM (EICAS)
 ENGINE INDICATING AND CREW ALERTING
SYSTEM (EICAS)

EICAC provides all engine instrumentation and crew

annunciations in an integrated format.

The equivalent system on Airbus aircraft is the Electronic

Centralised Aircraft Monitoring (ECAM) system.
 ENGINE INDICATING AND CREW ALERTING
SYSTEM (EICAS)

A typical EICAS comprises two large high resolution, colour

displays together with associated control panels

The primary EICAS display presents primary engine indication

instruments and relevant crew alerts. It has a fixed format
providing engine data including:
• RPM and temperature
• Fuel Flow and Quantity
• Engine vibration
• Gear and Flap details (where appropriate)
 ENGINE INDICATING AND CREW ALERTING
SYSTEM (EICAS)

The secondary EICAS display indicates a wide range of options to the

crew and serves as backup for primary display. They are selectable pages
using the EICAS control panel and displays information relating to:
• Landing gear position
• Flaps/ Trim
• Auxiliary Power Unit
• Cabin Pressurisation/Anti-ice
• Fuel/ Hydraulics
• Flight Control Positions
• Doors/ Pressurisation/ Environmental
• AC and DC electrical data.
ENGINE INDICATING AND CREW ALERTING
SYSTEM (EICAS)
Schematic Diagram
 ENGINE INDICATING AND CREW ALERTING
SYSTEM (EICAS)
● The EICAS displays receive data bus inputs from the EICAS data conversion unit
(DCU).
● The EICAS displays provide data bus outputs to the integrated avionics processing
system (IAPS) data concentrator units (DCUs). Note that the pilot or co-pilot can
select either display. Selecting one display blanks the second display and allows data
pages to be selected. The EICAS control panel is used to select pages. The information
on the data buses is routed to both EICAS displays and both multi-function displays
● The DCU receives data in various formats from a variety of sensors, including the
high- and low-speed ARINC 429 bus, from analogue and discrete inputs from the
engines and other aircraft systems.
● Outputs include crew-alerting logic, engine data to the displays, maintenance,
diagnostic and aircraft data to the IAPS DCU, indicator lamp data to the lamp driver
unit (LDU), aircraft system data to the Flight Data Recorder (FDR) and data link
management unit.
 ENGINE INDICATING AND CREW ALERTING
SYSTEM (EICAS)
● The Lamp Driver Unit (LDU) is a dual-channel unit capable of
driving up to 120 indicator lamps.

● Channels 1 and 2 receive digital buses from the DCU.The buses

convey lamp activation words from the DCU.

● Channels 1 and 2 are identical and the outputs from each side
are tied together (wired-OR logic). If one channel lamp sink fails,
the other channel lamp sink will provide the function. The LDU
monitors the lamp sinks to verify correct function and outputs the
lamp sink states on a digital bus to the DCU.
 ENGINE INDICATING AND CREW ALERTING
SYSTEM (EICAS)

● The Electronic Routing Units (ERUs) are junction boxes for the
data concentrator units. The ERU splits each input signal to three
output pins. The pilot ERU routes left-side airplane data and the
co-pilot ERU routes right-side airplane data.

EICAS simplifies flight deck clutter by integrating the many

electro-mechanical instruments that previously
monitored engine and aircraft systems. Safety is increased and
the pilot workload is simplified. EICAS continuously monitors the
aircraft for out- of tolerance or abnormal conditions and notifies
the crew when an event occurs.
ELECTRONIC CENTRALIZED AIRCRAFT
MONITOR
(ECAM)
 ELECTRONIC CENTRALIZED AIRCRAFT
MONITOR (ECAM)

Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitor (ECAM) is a

system on Airbus aircraft for monitoring and displaying
engine and aircraft system information to the pilots. In
the event of a malfunction, it will display the fault and
may also display the appropriate steps of the remedial
action.
 ELECTRONIC CENTRALIZED AIRCRAFT
MONITOR (ECAM)
The Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitor (ECAM)
is the Airbus version of an enhanced Engine
Indicating and Crew Alerting System (EICAS)
system. It presents data on the Engine/ Warning
Display (E/WD) and the System Display (SD)
inclusive of:
● Primary engine indications, fuel quantity, flap and
slat position
● Warning and caution alerts, or memos
● Synoptic diagrams of aircraft systems, and status
messages
ELECTRONIC CENTRALIZED AIRCRAFT
MONITOR (ECAM)
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THANK YOU

Prepared By: Sikandar Hussain