CPAR Reviewer

Art - defined as a human pursuit to imitate life and the world into something pleasing or
beautiful.
CONTEMPORARY ART - The art of today
- It is the newest form of art, amusing people from the middle to the late 20th century up to this
very minute.
- An opportunity to reflect on contemporary society and the issues relevant to ourselves, and the
world around us.
CONTEMPORARY vs. MODERN ART - Modern art emerged in the late 1800s and continued
to grow for more or less a century.
- Slowly disappear in the middle to late 20th century when postmodernism came
- Postmodernism or contemporary art exists up to this day, and no one knows when a new
period will arrive to veil contemporary art in its shadow.
The Subject of Art:
Realism - the subject is done the way it actually looks.
Distortion - The artist uses his or her imagination and alters the subject according to his or her
desire.
Abstraction - The artist breaks a part a subject and rearranges it in a different manner. The
paintings of the National. Artist Vicente Manansala belong to this category.
Non Objectivism - In here, there is no subject at all-just an interplay of pure elements, like line,
shape or color, and so on. A good example of this is the painting of Roberto Chabet which is on
Acrylic paper.
The Elements of Art:
1. Space - defined as a void, an emptiness which can either be positive or negative.
refers to the area that is occupied by an object or a subject.
Atmospheric Perspective - which utilizes the properties of light and air in depicting the illusion
of distance.
Linear Perspective - which involves the use of vanishing points and receding hidden lines.
2. Line - The extension of a point, a short or long mark drawn or carved on a surface.
- A prolongation of a point or a mark on a surface. Solid lines can be used in order to define
form while broken lines are typically used to suggest hidden forms.
3. Shape and Form - a figure separate from its surrounding area or background.
- refers to an area with boundaries identified or drawing lines. A shape may be natural or living
forms called an organic shape and can be irregular or rounded. It may also be measured forms
called geometric shape.
4. Color - refers to visual perception that allows a person to differentiate objects due to the way
various wavelengths of light are reflected. Color is a very important element because it can
communicate information and emotion to the viewer.
Hue - refers to the basic or pure color, and is represented in the color wheel.
Value - refers to the lightness and darkness of color. A light color or tint is the result of adding
white to a hue, while a dark color or shade results from adding black to a hue
Saturation - refers to brightness and dullness of color. It is also referred to as purity of the color.
A bright color can be produced by adding more pigment to the same hue, while a dull color can
be
produced by adding gray or the color’s complement to the pigment
Color wheel - is an arrangement of primary, secondary, and tertiary colors. It is an important
tool to identify which colors can work well if used in a certain artwork which is thecolor schemes.
Monochromatic - involves using the same hue but with different gradients of value.
Analogous - entails the use of three or four adjacent colors in the color wheel.
Complementary - involves the use of a color and its complement. Meaning, the color located
opposite of the first color.
Split-Complementary - a close relative to the complementary color scheme. But instead of
using the color's compliment, this scheme uses the two colors adjacent to the compliment.
Triadic - uses three colors that are of equal distance with each other.
Tetradic - also known as double complementary color scheme, this uses two pairs of
complimentary colors.
5. Texture - refers to the feel or appearance of a surface. Person may describe as actual or
implied. Actual texture can be felt tangibly based on the material that is used for the artwork
while implied texture can be exhibited, for instance, in a painting of fur of an animal.
6. Time and Motion - Movement in the visual arts can either be an illusion or an actual motion.
An illusion of movement is more common in two-dimensional artworks.

Medium Techniques:

Medium - the material or the substance out of which a work is made. Through these materials,
the artist express and communicate feelings and ideas.
Sculptor - Uses metal, wood, stone, clay, or glass.
-"Three-dimensional" arts occupy space and have volume.
- Pottery is also a form o sculpture.
Architect - Uses wood, bamboo, bricks, stone, concrete, and various building materials.
- Complex and carefully designed structures.
Painter - uses pigments on a flat ground.
Printmaker - uses ink printed or transferred on a surface that is in keeping with duplicating or
reproducing process.
Musician - uses sound and instruments icluding the human voice.
Dancer - uses the body and its movement.
- It is often accompanied by music, but there are dances that do not rely on musical
accompaniment to be realized.
Theater - They integrate all arts an uses the stage, production design, performance elements,
and script to enable the visual, musical, dance, and other aspects as a whole work.
Filmmaker - uses cinematographic camera to record and put together the production design,
sound engineering, performance, and screenplay.
Writer - They use words to create a novel, poetry, nonfiction, and fiction.
Techniques - the manner and ability with which an artist, writer, dancer, athlete, or the like
employs the technical skills of a particular art or field of endeavor.