1cim Unit I

Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)
Introduction to CIM
Syllabus: Need of CIM, Introduction, Evolution of CIM, CIM Hardware and
software, Role of CIM System, Definition of CIM, automation and types of
automation, Reasons for automation, Types of Production, Functions in
Manufacturing, CIM wheel, Computerized element of CIM, Advantages of
CIM.
Name: Prof. Jeetendra Dhamone
College : DIT
Email id : jeetendracoe@gmail.com
Mob. No: 8951834155
jeetendracoe@gmail.com 1
Prof. Jeetendra Dhamone UNIT I CIM
Mob. No: 8951834155
Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)
The computer system is in control of every stage from design

and the ordering of materials to the manufacturing processes
and distribution to customers.
The factory show manufactures DVD / CD Storage units.

jeetendracoe@gmail.com
Prof. Jeetendra Dhamone UNIT I CIM 2
Mob. No: 8951834155
Need of CIM
There are several reasons why CIM is becoming increasingly necessary for modern manufacturing
operations:
1.Increased efficiency: By automating repetitive tasks, CIM can help increase production speeds and
reduce the time required for each manufacturing step.
2.Improved accuracy: CIM reduces the chances of human error and improves the overall accuracy of
the manufacturing process.
3.Better data management: CIM allows manufacturers to collect and store data in real-time, making it
easier to track production progress and identify areas that need improvement.
4.Better decision-making: With access to real-time data, manufacturers can make informed decisions
about production processes and improve the overall quality of their products.
5.Increased flexibility: CIM allows manufacturers to quickly adapt to changing market conditions and
customer demands, making it easier to respond to new opportunities and challenges.
6.Increased competitiveness: CIM helps manufacturing organizations to stay ahead of their competitors
by enabling them to respond faster to market demands and to introduce new products more quickly.
7.Better resource utilization: CIM systems allow organizations to optimize their use of resources, such
as materials and labor, leading to reduced costs and increased profitability. jeetendracoe@gmail.com
Prof. Jeetendra Dhamone UNIT I CIM Mob. No: 8951834155 3
Introduction
Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) is a
manufacturing process by uses computer-controlled
machinery, automated tool, various computer program, and
software.
Dr. Joseph Harrington
published a book in 1974
titled Computer
Integrated Manufacturing
Computer Integrated Manufacturing
• Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT, USA) is

credited with pioneering the development in both CAD and
CAM.
• Design and manufacturing requirements of aerospace
industries after the Second World.
• Late 40‟sand early 50‟s could not meet the design and
manufacturing challenges
• Develop sophisticated aircraft and satellite launch vehicles
• The first major innovation in machine control is the
Numerical Control (NC), demonstrated at MIT in 1952.
• NC machines used paper tape as an input medium
• Second-generation models replaced the vacuum tubes with
transistors
• Third-generation models featuring integrated circuitry and
modular circuit
• Special preprogrammed circuit boards
• In mild 60th Direct Numerical Control (DNC)as the computer
bypassed the tape reader
• By late 60‟s mini computers
Mob. No: 8951834155
• Flexible manufacturing cells and flexible

manufacturing systems in late 70‟s.
• Computer Aided Design (CAD), Now,
one can model, draft, analyze, simulate,
modify, optimize and create the NC code to
manufacture a component and simulate the
machining operation sitting at a computer
workstation.
• CIM is an umbrella term under which all
functions of manufacturing and associated
acronyms such as CAD, CAD/CAM, FMS,
CAPP find a place.
Mob. No: 8951834155
Definition of Computer Integrated Manufacturing
• CIM is the integration of the total

manufacturing enterprise through the use of
computer and data communications coupled
with new managerial philosophies that improve
organizational and personnel efficiency.
• It aims to integrate all of the operational and
information processing functions in
manufacturing from order receipt, through
design and manufacturing, to product shipment.
• Computer Integrated Manufacturing, known as

CIM, is the phrase used to describe the
complete automation of a manufacturing plant,
with all processes functioning under computer
control and digital information tying them
together.
Mob. No: 8951834155
Role Computer Integrated Manufacturing
Major Computerized Elements of CIM System

Marketing
Information Product
 Marketing
Management Design
 Product Design
 Planning
Finance Planning
 Purchase
 Manufacturing Engineering
CIM
 Factory Automation Hardware
Logistics and
Supply
Chain
Management
Purchase
 Warehousing
 Logistics and Supply Chain Management
Manufactu
Warehousing
ring
Engineerin
 Finance
Factory g
Automation  Information Management
Hardware
Mob. No: 8951834155
CIM Hardware and software
CIM Hardware comprises the following:

I Manufacturing equipment:
 CNC machines or computerized work centers
 Robotic work cells
 DNC/FMS systems
 Work handling and tool handling devices
 Storage devices
 Sensors,
 Shop floor data collection devices,
 Inspection machines etc.
II computer-related hardware
 Computers
 Controllers
 CAD/CAM systems
 Workstations / terminals
Mob. No: 8951834155
CIM Hardware and software
 Data entry terminals
 Bar code readers
 RFID tags
 Printers
 Plotters
 Other peripheral devices, modems, cables,
Data entry terminals
connectors etc.,
III Office equipment.
IV Communication hardware
 Remote batch terminals
 Front end processors
 Transmitters
Bar code readers  Acoustic couplers
 Multiplexers
Prof. Jeetendra Dhamone UNIT I CIM  Concentrators jeetendracoe@gmail.com

11
Mob. No: 8951834155
CIM software comprises computer programmers to carry out the following functions
:
Management Information System  Job Tracking
Sales  Inventory Control
Marketing  Shop Floor Data Collection
Finance  Order Entry
Database Management  Materials Handling
Modeling and Design  Device Drivers
Analysis  Process Planning
Simulation  Manufacturing Facilities Planning
Communications  Work Flow Automation
Monitoring  Business Process Engineering
Production Control  Network Management
Manufacturing Area Control  Quality Management
Mob. No: 8951834155
Software used in CIM
 TinkerCAD  NX CAM  LISP

 FreeCAD  SOLIDWORKS Is a functional programming language
 BlocksCAD  GibbsCAM and offer flexibility in writing rule.
 CREO  CAM Works  PROLOG
 Solid Edge  HSM Involves writing logical formula
 Fusion 360  FeatureCAM  Planning and Productivity Software - NX
 4D_Additive  PowerMill
Series -- NX CAE
 Solidworks  Computer-aided Engineering Software
 Mastercam
 AutoCAD (CAE) - PLM Components – Rulestream
 Solidcam
 CATIA  MicroMod Automation & Controls LLC
 BobCAD-CAM
 OpenSCAD  Cimx
 Surfcam
 Rhino
 Siemens NX
 CorelCAD
Mob. No: 8951834155
Leading CIM Software

Components of CIM
Machine Tending Stations
 Stand-alone work cell, or integrated within a CIM

system.
 Robot tends the CNC machine performs or
assembly tasks.
 Robot loads and unloads parts
 The robot is mounted on a linear slidebase for
mobility and larger work area.
 MTS stations can be provided as a standalone FMS.
Mob. No: 8951834155
Components of CIM
Storage Station Assembly & Quality Control Station
 Automated storage and retrieval (ASRS) system  This turnkey automated welding station gives students
Cartesian robot transfers parts between storage cells training and skills in production welding methods,
and conveyor pallets stopped at the ASRS station. robotic programming and control.
 The robot is controlled by Controller-USB and by a  3D simulation before executing actual automated
dedicated ASRS software module in the OpenCIM welding applications.
software.  Students learn to overcome common welding problems,
 An optional hand-held teach pendant such as thermal deformation, by adjusting welding
technique.
Mob. No: 8951834155
Additional CIM Components
Conveyor Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) Station
 The conveyor frame is constructed of extruded, black  The PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) can control
anodized aluminum. and monitor the flow of pallets on the conveyor with the
 A double flexible-chain moves in the inner and outer help of sensors and actuators that are build into the stop
rails and moves the load (pallets) by friction. stations.
 Due to the modular concept of CIM systems, a large  Various PLC types (Siemens, Omron, Allen-Bradley)
variety and lengths and shapes of conveyors can be and field bus systems (digital I/O, PROFIBUS, ASI bus)
created. are supported.
Mob. No: 8951834155
Additional CIM Components
Pallet Tracking Station Linear Slide Base (LSB) Gravity Parts Feeder
Pneumatic Parts Feeder

https://intelitek.com/comput
 The stop station allows the PLC to control and monitor er-integrated-
the flow of pallets on the conveyor with the help of manufacturing-
sensors and actuators that are built into the stop stations. cim/#:~:text=Computer%20
 Stop stations for various PLC types (Siemens, Omron, Integrated%20Manufacturin
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PROFIBUS, ASI bus) are supported. mmunication%20network%
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20software.
Mob. No: 8951834155
SOFTWARE in CIM
Management Station  The management station is a central control console with

one or more computers where the OpenCIM software
and/or other manufacturing and configuration software is
set up and run.
 Used as a learning station with access to the online
learning
 Management solution that contains all the elements found
in fully-automated facilities.
 Shop floor management controls the operation of all the
elements of automated factory.
 Administrative software connects the shop floor
management to the production facility’s Enterprise
Resource Planning (ERP)
 The OpenCIM software contains an ERP package which
breaks down
 Analyze bill of materials,
 Check availability of raw materials,
 Produce vendor’s purchase order
 Schedule production based on expected lead times.
Mob. No: 8951834155
SOFTWARE in CIM
OpenCIM  OpenCIM is a complete software package for the

operation, control and simulation of CIM systems.
 The OpenCIM software is a computer-integrated
systems management solution that contains all the
elements found in fully-automated facilities.
 Shop floor management controls the operation of all
the elements of automated factory.
 Administrative software connects the shop floor
management to the production facility’s Enterprise
Resource Planning (ERP).
 The ERP package (part of OpenCIM) breaks down
customer orders to analyze bill of materials, check
availability of raw materials, produce vendor’s
purchase order and schedule production based on
expected lead times.
Mob. No: 8951834155
Terms
• IGES: Integrated Graphics Exchange Specification
• PDES: Product Data Exchange Standard
• DMIS: Dimensional Measuring Interface Standard
• MAP: Manufacturing Automation Protocol
• STEP: Standard for The Exchange of Product model data (ISO 10303)
• CASA: Computer and Automated Systems Association
• SME: Society of Manufacturing Engineers
CIM Wheel
 The outer layer represents general management and

human resources management
 The middle layer has three process segments: product and
process definition, manufacturing planning and control,
and factory automation.
 The center of the wheel represents the third layer, which
includes information resources management and the
common database.
Mob. No: 8951834155
Computerized elements of a CIM system
CIM Includes:
 Design parts/products
 Planning & control
 Automation
 Testing
 The main purpose of CIM is to be enable the company to
transform ideas into a high quality of products in the
minimum time, cost and CIM goes beyond the scope of FMS
(or) CAD/CAM system.
 Network and integrated systems are tied up with CIM
technologies. The integration of data in CIM allows CAD
system to link with Numerical Control, Computer Aided
Manufacturing (CAM), Part programs, Manufacturing Control
and Manufacturing planning.
 CIM can also be linked with the automatic material handling
systems to facilitate material handling.
 Fully completed integrated system in CIM are not only
automated but also integrated with each other and also
integrated with manufacturing planning, control and
scheduling. jeetendracoe@gmail.com
CIM Benefits
CIMS Benefits
 Products quality improvement.
Products  Shorter time in launching new product in the market.
quality
 Flow time minimized.
Long term  Inventory level reduced.
Flow time
profitability  Competitiveness increases.
minimized
increases
 Improved scheduling performance.
CIM  Shorter vendor lead time
Benefits  Improved customer service.
 Increase in flexibility and responsiveness.
Inventory
Total cost
level  Total cost minimized.
minimized.
reduced  Long term profitability increases.
Flexibility  Customers lead time minimized.
and
 Manufacturing productivity increases.
responsiven
ess  Work in process inventory decreases.
Mob. No: 8951834155
Automation
The technique of making an apparatus, a process, or a system
operate automatically.
The creation and application of technology to monitor and

control the production and delivery of products and services.
Automation is the creation and application of technologies to

produce and deliver goods and services with minimal human
intervention. The implementation of automation technologies,
What does automation Includes :- techniques and processes improve the efficiency, reliability,
 Automated m/c tools. and/or speed of many tasks that were previously performed by
 Automated assembly m/c`s humans.
 Industrial robots. Automation used in
 Automated material handling & storages system  Manufacturing
 Automated inspection system for quality control  Transport
 Feedback control & computer process control  Utilities
 Computer integrated system for planning, data  Defense
collection decision making.  Facilities
Examples : Automotive, Electronics, Applications, Aircraft  Operations and lately
manufacturing industries.  Information technology.
Reasons for Automation
Reasons for Automation

 Due to Industrialization and globalization the global competition
 Increased productivity due competition escalates which causes increase the demand the stoner of productivity
 High cost of labour & quality.
 Automation system required less Labour hence increasing cost of
 Labour shortage Labour don`t of heat on it
 Trend of labour toward the sector  Many Advanced nations, there has been a shortage of Labour
 There are some social & institutional forces Labour toward the service
 Safety sector.
 High cost of raw materials  Automation delaminates the human role, work is made safer.
 The high cost of raw materials in manufacturing results in the need for
 Improved product quality greater efficiency in using there materials
 Reduced manufacturing lead time  Automated operation not only produces parts of faster rates but they
produce parts with greater consistency and conformity to quality.
 Reduction of in process inventory  For automation allows the manufacturer to reduce the time between
 High cost of not automation custom order and product delivery.
 Holiday large inventories of work in process represent a significant
cost to the manufacturer because it ties up capital.
Type of Automation
Automation systems are classed into three different types of

automation:
 Fixed automation
 Programmable automation
 Flexible automation
Fixed Automation
 The process of manufacturing fixed by the way it is configured,

following a fixed sequence of automated processes.
 An example of this is flow production
 Hard automation
 Fixed automation can be expensive to set up initially due to the
equipment required, but in return, it provides high production rates.
 High demand and generic products that require no change.
 Coca cola continues to use this automation in their factories.
 Advantages of fixed automation include:
 High levels of production
 Consistent quality in production
 Low cost per unit produced
 Disadvantages of fixed automation include:
 High initial cost
 Difficult to accommodate changes
Programmable Automation
 The production equipment and automation to be altered to
changing needs
 Controlling the automation through a program
 Low to medium levels of production
 Batch production.
 Used by factories who make different variants of foods.
 If the product needs changing, it simply needs to be
reprogrammed.
 Advantages include:
 Flexibility to change products if needed
 Suitable if batch production is required
 Disadvantages include:
 Expensive for equipment
 Lower production levels
 Often time-consuming to change products
Flexible Automation
 Flexible automation, also known as “soft automation”, is Flexible automation systems consist of the following:
similar to programmable automation, although a little more  Part processing machines: CNC machining equipment
complicated. Essentially, flexible automation enables the carries out a portion of these processes, with inspection
production of different types of products without losing time and other automated work stations used in combination.
when reprogramming.
 Material-handling system: Conveyancing and other
 A flexible automation system can produce various systems move parts from one area along the production
combinations of products efficiently without having to line to another, with robots generally used for the
separate them into different batches, as required in batch loading and unloading of product.
production. This type of automation tends to have medium
 Central computer control system: Communications that
levels of production.
come from this central controller provide component
 Advantages include: routing information and adjust timing within the
 Flexibility of products material-handling system while also coordinating the
 No time lost with new changes to production operational processes of these machines.
 Disadvantages include:  Human labor: While these systems are based around
automation, engineering this flexibility still requires
 High custom machinery/automation cost
humans to manage, repair, maintain and alter procedures
 Higher cost per unit when necessary.
Functions of Automation in manufacturing
Assembly operation :-
The certain basic functions as –
 In it the distinguishing feature is that two or more separate
 Processing
components are joined together.
 Assembly
 It included mechanical fostering operations, which make use
 Material handling & storage of screws nuts, rivets and so on, and going processes such as
 Inspection & Testing welding, brazing & soldering.
 Control
Material handling and storage :-
Processing: It is the operations which transforms the  A means of moving and storing materials between the
product from one state of completion into a more processing and assembly operations must be provided.
advanced state of completion.
 Material spend move time being moved and stored than
Into one of the following four categories. being processed.
 Basic processes  Mostly the cost would be required for handling, moving &
 Secondary processes storing of materials.
 Finishing operations Inspection & Testing :-
 Operations to enhance physical properties  It is purpose of inspection is to determine the product meets
the established design standards & specifications.

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Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)

The computer system is in control of every stage from design

The factory show manufactures DVD / CD Storage units.

• Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT, USA) is

• Flexible manufacturing cells and flexible

• CIM is the integration of the total

• Computer Integrated Manufacturing, known as

Major Computerized Elements of CIM System

CIM Hardware comprises the following:

Prof. Jeetendra Dhamone UNIT I CIM  Concentrators jeetendracoe@gmail.com

 TinkerCAD  NX CAM  LISP

Prof. Jeetendra Dhamone UNIT I CIM 14

Machine Tending Stations

 Stand-alone work cell, or integrated within a CIM

Storage Station Assembly & Quality Control Station

Conveyor Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) Station

Pneumatic Parts Feeder

Management Station  The management station is a central control console with

OpenCIM  OpenCIM is a complete software package for the

• IGES: Integrated Graphics Exchange Specification

• PDES: Product Data Exchange Standard

• DMIS: Dimensional Measuring Interface Standard

• MAP: Manufacturing Automation Protocol

• CASA: Computer and Automated Systems Association

• SME: Society of Manufacturing Engineers

 The outer layer represents general management and

The creation and application of technology to monitor and

Automation is the creation and application of technologies to

Reasons for Automation

Automation systems are classed into three different types of

 The process of manufacturing fixed by the way it is configured,

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