ENGLISH LANGUAGE COURSE

Languages change for various reasons, including cultural evolution, technological advancements, geographical movement, and contact with other languages. For example, when different cultures interact,
they often exchange words and ideas that lead to changes in each other's languages. Additionally, new inventions like writing systems can revolutionize communication methods leading to shifts in
vocabulary usage over time. Finally, as people migrate or travel across regions, they bring along their native tongues influencing local dialects and creating hybrid

Specificities of middle English: Sure thing! Here are brief explanations of seven linguistic features of Middle English, each in three lines or less

1. Subject-verb agreement: In ME, the subject and verb must agree in number (singular or plural). 2. Inflectional endings: Many ME nouns and pronouns had inflectional endings that indicated grammatical
case and gender.In the phrase "She hath a fair face," the ending "-ath" on "hath" indicates that the subject is in the present tense and is third person singular. 3. Use of "thou" and
"thee": ME spoke used "thou" and "thee" instead of modern English "you." 4. Elision of unstressed letters: In spoken ME, unstressed letters were often elided or left out. In the phrase "bless thee," the
unstressed "e" at the end of "thee" is elided, so it sounds like "bless tha." 5. Vocabulary influence from French and Latin: ME vocabulary included many words borrowed from these languages. 6.
Irregular verbs: Some ME verbs had irregular past tense forms that didn't follow regular patterns.For example: "Thou wert a worthy knight" (meaning "You were a worthy knight").

The great vowel shift refers to the major changes in pronunciation vowel. It took place in England between the 1400_1700. There are many concepts:The first is vowel pronunciation. It changes the vowels
pronunciation. The examples in in the table below:.

The second concepts is a sounds change, it happens between middle eng and early modern English around the 15th century. Exam the front vowel show the following evaluation:

English literature

1 A Neoclassicism refers to an artistic and literary movement that emerged in the late 18th century, characterized by a return to the classical styles of ancient Greece and Rome

B As for satire, it is a genre of literature and art that uses irony, sarcasm, and ridicule to criticize and expose vices, follies, and abuses in society.

2 discuss Gulliver'S travel as a reflection of society. Through Gulliver's experiences, we see the influence of 18th century English society on literature.

Social satire: The novel uses humor to criticize social conventions and cultural norms. For example, the idea of giants (human) vs. pigmies (Lilliputians) comments on how societies view themselves relative
to others; it's both humorous and critical of imperialism. Additionally, the concept of Yahoos (humans) being domesticated by Houyhnms questions human nature, morality, and whether humans can
improve through education or if we are inherently flawed.

Religion: The book pokes fun at organized religion, particularly the Church of England. For instance, when Gulliver attends a religious service in Laputa, he finds it more like a mathematical lecture than a
spiritual experience. Through this, Swift satirizes the rationalization of faith and the empty rituals that often accompany it.

Cultural influence: Finally, "Gulliver's Travels" reflects 18th-century English society by exploring themes such as colonization, slavery, and racism. Swift's portrayal of different cultures – e.g., the Lilliputians'
obsession with tiny things and the Blefuscudians' fixation on grandiose architecture – critiques European superiority complexes while highlighting the diversity and richness of other civilizations. By
examining these elements in depth, readers gain insight into Swift's time period and its influences shaping his writing.

Section B

1 General motivation for all the romantic writers. The general motivation of Romantic writers was varied but some common themes include: a thirst for individual independence and expression through
rejection of conventional social norms, an emphasis on emotions, intuition and subjective experience rather than rational thought and object truth, an interest in mythology, folklore and the supernatural,
exploration of the human state, including emotions, psychological states and personal challenges, as well as a reaction against the values of Enlightenment such as reason, order and progress in favor of
mystery, complexity and uncertainty

2 An ode is a type of poem written to praise a person, place, object, or idea. It is typically formal and expresses deep emotion.

3 discuss personification as a major figure of speech is daffodils. In William Wordsworth's "Daffodils", one of the most important figures is personification. Personification is when an object or concept
receives human qualities or characteristics. In this poem, Wordsworth uses personification to bring the daffodils to life, giving them the impression that they dance and float in the breeze. For example, he
writes, "they dance in the breeze", giving the daffodils the ability to move and perform actions generally associated with humans. This personification adds to the poem's cheerful and lively general
atmosphere and helps create a vivid image of daffodils in the reader's mind

4 comment on the theme of disillusionment in Samuel Taylor Coleridge's"déjections : An ode. Dejection: An ode" by Samuel Taylor Coleridge is a poem that explores the theme of disillusionment.
Disillusion refers to the loss of illusions or false beliefs, often leading to feelings of disappointment or despair. Coleridge expresses his own sense of disillusion after the end of a romantic relationship, and
he thinks about how the beauty of nature, which once brought him joy, only reminds him of his lost love. .