y On a graph, y

this forms a
straight line
When two variables (a & b) The symbol Hooke’s Law makes use of
that passes
are inversely proportional, the proportionality
they can be expressed as:
representing between force and through the
proportionality is: origin
0
inversely proportional
x extension for a spring 0
directly proportional
x

a ∝ 1/b ∝
a = k/b Force and Extension When two variables
Inversely (a & b) are directly
When one variable Proportional Directly proportional, they can be
increases, the other Proportional expressed as:
decreases Proportionality
When one variable a∝b
Weight and Mass increases, so does a = kb
the other
Can be described as proportional on the
surface of Earth, since the gravitational KEY IDEAS
field strength is the same and acts as a Used to explain the
constant of proportionality behaviour of particles
W = mg as a consequence of
Using Models Particle Model their composition

Models make use of a

Mathematical Form fixed set of rules to Wave Model
predict and explain The only way of
Physical laws and of Light explaining certain
physical models are
Often useful to rearrange
observations wave phenomena
often best
equations into easily
represented in
mathematical form
understandable forms, such as Wave Model
the equation of a straight line: of Sound Explains how sound can
y = mx + c pass through solids
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 Magnetic forces act
between magnetic
poles at a distance
Magnetic Electric forces
Fields act between
charges at a
Electric distance
The phenomena is vital to Fields
explain many physical Gravitational forces
concepts Gravitational act between masses at
Fields a distance

Action at a Distance
KEY IDEAS

Cause and Effect

Force and
Acceleration For an acceleration to take place,
there must be a resultant force acting
Useful concept to explain on the object in question
scientific links
Radioactive
Emissions When certain changes occur
in atomic nuclei, radioactive
emissions are emitted
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