ALKALI - CHLORINE - SULFUR - BALANCE

Plant Date Time

Kiln Type, make Preheater / PC kiln Heat consumption kJ/kg cli
Length m Thermal load (BZ) 0.0 MW/m2 Clinker production t/d
Diameter (BZ) m Length of fix coating m 0.0 t/h
Cooler Type, make L coating / kiln diam.: -
Cleaning method Obser- O2 kiln inlet %
frequency vations O2 PH outlet %

Fuels (sulfur input) Emission at main stack (including bypass stack)

Fuel type CV S Fineness Rate Heat SO2-Emission (sulfur output) HCl-Emission (chlorine output)
[kJ/kg] [%] [% 90mm] [t/h] [%] O2, at SO2 measurement %O2 O2, at HCl measurement %O2
Dry exh.gas at 0.0%O2 0.280 Nm3/kg cli Dry exh.gas at 0.0%O2 0.280 Nm3/kg cli
Main firing

SO2 dry ppm HCl dry ppm

SO2 0 mg /Nm3 HCl 0 mg /Nm3
0 mg/kg cli 0 mg/kg cli
0.0 kg SO2/h 0.0 kg HCl/h
Sec. Firing

SO3 0 mg/kg cli Cl 0 mg/kg cli

or PC

SO3 cli basis 0.000 % Cl cli basis 0.000 %

Calculated specific fuel cons. (from above data) 0 kJ/kg

Balance Massflow SO3 K2 O Na2O Na2Oequiv Cl A/S Mass Balance

rate cli basis conc. cli basis conc. cli basis conc. cli basis cli basis conc. cli basis LOI cli basis
[t/h] [t/t cli] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [-] [%] [t/h]
1 Kiln Feed (dry) as fed
2
INPUT

TOTAL INPUT
4 Clinker
OUTPUT

5 Bypass dust removed from kiln

6a Dust (main filter) returned via kiln feed
7 Dust (main filter) removed from kiln
8 Emission - - - - - - - - - - -
TOTAL OUTPUT
Input - output 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.00
Diff.

in % of input 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

(red values: estimated figures)
Hot meal Massflow SO3 K2 O Na2O Na2Oequiv Cl A/S Mass Balance
conc. Limits conc. conc. conc. Limits conc. Limits LOI Calcination
[%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%]
Mix right + left - - - -

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 - - - -
Average

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Applicable Balance Boundary for all Kiln Types:

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EVALUATION of ALKALI - CHLORINE - SULFUR - BALANCE
- The following section is only applicable if the balance boundary as shown on the balance sheet is used
(balance boundary excluding outer dust cycle).
- For additional information and explanations see 'Manual Alk/SO3/Cl - Balance"

Main Results: HGRS criteria for Preheater / PC kiln :

1. "Calculated" Cl in clinker*/**: n/a g/t cli < 200-300 for all kilns

2. Actual Sulfur in clinker: n/a %SO3cli < 1.5

3. Alk/SO3 ratio in clinker: n/a - 0.8 - 1.2
4. "Relevant" Cl input***: n/a g/t cli < 300 (no Cl valve)

5. Sulfur Volatility #DIV/0! - <0.7

6. Hot Meal: see graph below

* "Calculated" value in clinker = Total inputs minus dust output and emission, referred to clinker.
** "calculated" CL value shows more reliable values than the real value in clinker (which is heavily depending
on the current circulation situation)
*** "Relevant Input= All Cl inputs minus Cl in dust reused (via kiln feed or returned directly) in the kiln process minus emission
Limiting criteria HGRS: Maximum possible Cl input when maximising Cl valves
Note: The Chlorine limit of 5000 g/t clinker for wet/long dry kilns is from the process point of view only.
If all dust goes to the cement, the chlorine limit is usually around 1000 gr/t clinker.

Hot Meal Evaluation for SP/PC Kilns

2.4 frequent blockages
2.2

2.0

1.8

1.6
% Cl

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0
% SO3

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