Care of Mother and Child at-risk or with Problems (Acute and Chronic)

Related Learning Experience, Skills Laboratory

Feeding Helpless Patients

Learning Outcomes: After 4.5 hours of various classroom and laboratory activities, the Level
II learners will be able to:

1. Define the following terms:

1.1. diet 1.8 anorexia

1.2. calorie 1.9 peristalsis
1.3. nutrient 1.10 gavage
1.4. nutrition 1.11 aspiration
1.5. feeding 1.12 dietician
1.6. appetite 1.13 nutritionist
1.7. nausea 1.14 helpless patient

2. Discuss the following:

2.1 different factors affecting dietary patterns

2.2 types of diet

2.2.1 regular diet 2.2.8 low sodium diet

2.2.2 light diet 2.2.9 low/high calorie diet
2.2.3 soft diet 2.2.10 diabetic diet
2.2.4 bland diet 2.2.11 dash diet
2.2.5 low/high residue diet 2.2.12 clear liquid diet
2.2.6 low/high purine diet 2.2.13 general liquid diet
2.2.7 low fat diet

2.3 different types of feeding as to its definition, indication and contraindication

2.3.1 enteral feeding

2.3.1.1 orogastric tube feeding

2.3.1.2 nasogastric tube feeding
2.3.1.3 gastrostomy tube feeding
2.3.1.4 jejunostomy tube feeding

2.3.2 total parenteral nutrition

2.3.3 Brecht feeding
2.3.4 clock face technique

2.4 clients who need assistance in feeding

3. Explain the following:

3.1 importance of feeding helpless patients

3.2 scientific principles applied in feeding helpless patients

4. State the important nursing responsibilities to be observed before, during, and after feeding
helpless patients.

5. Demonstrate beginning skills in feeding helpless patients.

Criteria for Mastery:
1. 75% score on the quiz.
2. Submission of Procedure Guide with rationales.

Enrichment Activity

Read from the following references enumerated below:

Silbert-Flagg, J.S., & Pillitteri, A. (2018). Maternal & Child Health Nursing: Care of the
Childbearing & Childrearing Family (8th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer

Berman, A., Snyder, S., & Frandsen, G. (2018). Kozier and Erb's Fundamentals of Nursing .
Philippines : Pearson Education South Asia PTE. LTD.

Hockenberry, M., Wilson, D., & Rodgers, C. (2017). Essentials of Pediatric Nursing. Canada:
Elsevier.

Wolters Kluwer Health. (2009). Lippincott's Nursing Procedures (5th ed.). Philadelphia:
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

VanPutte, C., Regan, J., & Russo, A. (2017). Seeley’s Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology
(10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill
Material Needed for Feeding Helpless Patients:

- A tray lined with cloth or place mat

- Spoon, fork, knife
- Drinking glass /cup (straw for patients with difficulty drinking from a cup or glass)
- Plates with cover
- Cereal bowl with cover
- Table napkin

Procedure Guide: Feeding Helpless Patients

Procedure Rationale

1. Prepare the patient for the meal. Have patient

change clothes and comb hair if necessary.
Provide with facility for hand washing and
drying.

2. Make the environment conducive to eating.

Keep out of sight all unpleasant objects like
urinals and bedpans, close doors of comfort
rooms. Uncomfortable treatment like injections,
enemas, dressing must be done outside eating
time schedule.

3. Set silvers and covered chain wares with food in

their proper places on the tray.

4. Place the tray where the patient can see and

reach it.

5. Assist the patient into a comfortable. If

permissible raise the head of the bed, so he can
assume sitting or semi-sitting position.

6. Line the patient’s chest with towel.

7. Remove food covers to start the meal. Inquire of

patient’s wants to pray before eating.

8. If the patient is capable of movement, even

limited, allow him to feed himself and assist him
with the food he finds difficulty in dealing with.

REMINDER:
If the patient is blind but capable of feeding
himself, orient him to the food placement on the
tray using the “Clock Face Technique”.

9. If the patient is unable to feed himself, the nurse

feeds the patient while teaching a family
member how it is done.

Revised: June 2018