UNIVERSITY OF CAGAYAN VALLEY

(Formerly Cagayan Colleges Tuguegarao)

VICTOR VENTURA PEREZ (VVP) CAMPUS

COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION

Name of student: ______________________________ Year/Block:___________

Subject: Vice and Drug Education and Control
Instructor: ___________________________________

Module No. 1 PRELIM COVERAGE

Title: CDI 106N - Vice and Drug Education & Control

Overview: Drug education enables students, youth and adults to develop the knowledge, skills and attitudes as a
criminology student (which may or may not include the use of psychoactive substances), promote responsibility
towards the use of drugs and relate these to their own actions and those of others, both now and in their future
lives.

Introduction:
 The educational institutions in the Philippines today have been mandated by law to include in their
academic curriculum a program on drug education. This is to comply with the educational approach in
dealing with globally acclaimed drug problem.
 In a general perspective, the real problem we are dealing with. Today’s global market for illicit drugs is the
product of a complex evolutionary process that begun in the early years of the century. In response to
growing public alarm over high levels of drug use and addiction in America, Europe and in Asia the greatest
powers took their first steps to control what they had previously sanctioned.
 Education is critical for it gives people the ability to alter beliefs and attitudes base on what they know.
Knowledge about the effects of drugs especially dangerous drugs and its related vices, the mechanism of
actions and the influence of emotions on drug or vice taking behaviour forms the basis of drug education
and vice control.

Learning Outcomes:
In the end of this module, the students shall be able to:
 Appreciate the legal aspects of drug education and drug law enforcement
 Understand the basic identification, classification and the effects of dangerous drugs
 Identify the treatment and rehabilitation approaches against drug abuse
 Realize the control of drugs and its relative vices.

Learning Objectives:

The objectives of this module are:

 Students understand the difference between legal and illegal drugs.
 Students find examples of how drugs are presented in the media.
 Students draw conclusions about why drug use is a pervasive problem in our culture.
Discussion:

VICES
Vice - is any immoral conduct or habit, the indulgence of which leads to depravity, wickedness and corruption
of the minds and the body.
Different Forms of Vices:
1) Drugs
2) Alcoholism
3) Prostitution
4) Gambling
5) Smoking
6) Other Vices

DRUGS
- any substance whether natural or synthetic that stimulates, depresses or irritates specialized cells
- any substance that brings about physical, psychological and behavioral changes in a person taking it
DRUG ABUSE - the use of drug contrary to its purpose

Classification of Commonly Used Drugs

 Psychoactive Drugs - These are often described as a psychotropic (mind affecting) or mind altering
drugs. It is a chemical substance that changes ones thinking, feelings, perceptions and behaviors.
 Depressants - they are drugs that affects the central nervous system causing it to relax.
Common Types of Depressants
1. Narcotics - refers to any drugs which produces insensibility stupor, melancholy or dullness of
mind with delusion and which may be habit forming.
2. Barbiturates - drugs that affect the central nervous system causing sedation.
3. Tranquilizers - are drugs which relieve uncomfortable emotional feelings by reducing anxiety
and promoting relaxation.
4. Alcohol - fermented or distilled liquids or drug containing ethanol and intoxicating substances.
5. Solvents and Inhalants - volatile liquids that give off vapor, which is inhaled producing short
term excitement and euphoric followed by a period of disorientation. Its effect includes nausea,
sneezing, coughing, nose bleeds, fatigue, and lack of coordination and loss of appetite.
Stimulants - chemical substances that generally speed up central nervous system function, resulting in
alertness and excitability.
Common Types of Stimulants
1. Cocaine - A natural stimulant derived from the plant erythroxylon coca.
2. Methamphetamine/Amphetamine - man made stimulants drugs.
3. Caffeine - a stimulant found in coffee.
4. Nicotine - an addictive substance usually obtained from cigarette smoking.
 Hallucinogen/Psychedelics - sometimes known as “all-rounder’s” and “mind expanders” these drugs
affects the person perceptions, awareness, emotions and can also cause hallucinations as well as
illusions.
Common Types of Hallucinogens
1. Marijuana
2. Lysergic Acid Diethylamide
3. Ecstacy
4. PCP, Psilocybin mushroom and peyote

Cocaine - is a stimulant of the central nervous system and an appetite suppressant, giving rise to what has been
described as a euphoric sense of happiness and increased energy. It is a quick acting drug whose effects are
rapid from the time of intake. It is legally used in medicine as a topical anesthetic, specifically in the eye, nose
and throat surgery. It is a crystallinetropane alkaloid that is derived from the leaves of the coca plant known as
“Erythroxylon”
Chemicals – is any substance taken into the body, which alters the way, the mind and the bodywork.
Chemical Abuse – is an instance when the use of a chemical has produced a negative or harmful consequence.
Codeine - Methylmorphine is an opiate used for its analgesic, anti-tussive and anti-diarrheal properties. It is
marketed as the salt codeine sulfate and codeinephosphate. It is also often used as recreational drugs. This is
primarily because of its easy availability over the counter or on prescription in combinationof products.
Dangerous Drugs - are those that have high tendency for abuse and dependency, these substances may be
organic or synthetic, and pose harm to those who use them.

DRUG DEPENDENCE - a state of psychic or physical dependence, or both, in a dangerous drug, arising in a
person following administration or use of that drug on a periodic or continuous bases
KINDS OF DRUG DEPENDENCE
1) PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE - an adaptive state caused by repeated drug use that reveals itself by
developing intense physical symptoms when the drug is stopped; formerly called addiction
2) PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE- an attachment to drug use, which arises from a drug’s ability to
satisfy some emotional or personality need of an individual; formerly called habituation

CONCEPT OF DRUG ADDICTION

The primary indications of addiction are:

 uncontrollably seeking drugs
 uncontrollably engaging in harmful levels of habit-forming behavior
 neglecting or losing interest in activities that do not involve the harmful substance or behavior
 relationship difficulties, which often involve lashing out at people who identify the dependency
 an inability to stop using a drug, though it may be causing health problems or personal problems, such as
issues with employment or relationships
 hiding substances or behaviors and otherwise exercising secrecy, for example, by refusing to explain
injuries that occurred while under the influence
 profound changes in appearance, including a noticeable abandonment of hygiene
 increased risk-taking, both to access the substance or activity and while using it or engaging in it
When a person has an addiction and they stop taking the substance or engaging in the behavior, they may
experience certain symptoms.
These symptoms include:
 anxiety
 irritability
 tremors and shaking
 nausea
 vomiting
 fatigue
 a loss of appetite

If a person has regularly used alcohol or benzodiazepines, and they stop suddenly or without medical
supervision, withdrawal can be fatal.
A person with an addiction is unable to stop taking a substance or engaging in a behavior, though it has harmful
effects on daily living.
Addiction treatment can be difficult, but it is effective. The best form of treatment depends on the substance and
the presentation of the addiction, which varies from person to person. However, treatment often involves
counseling, medication, and community support
Symptoms of Drug Addiction
People who have developed an addiction to drugs or alcohol tend to be affected by tolerance to the substance.
Tolerance occurs when a person is no longer affected by the same amount of a drug and needs to take more of it
to feel the same effects. Tolerance is one of the major signs of addiction, as is physical dependence. Other signs
include:
 When a person feels that he or she needs to use the drug on a regular basis, whether daily or several
times throughout the day
 Experiencing strong urges to use a drug
 Maintaining a steady supply of the drug
 Falling short in school or work responsibilities due to substance abuse
 Engaging in risky behavior to obtain the drug (i.e. stealing or doing other things a person would not
normally do)
 Wanting to stop using the drug, but being unable to successfully quit
 Undergoing withdrawal when a person tries to quit

CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS
1. Depressants- Also known as “downers”, are drugs which act on and depresses the central nervous
system causing initial relaxation leading to drowsiness and sleep. Used of downers results to impairment
of judgment, hearing, speech and muscle coordination. They dull the minds, slow down the body
reaction to such extend that accidental deaths and suicides usually happen. E.g. Barbiturates,
tranquilizers, alcohol.
Types of depressants:
 Narcotics- The term narcotic basically refers to drugs that produces a depressant effect on the
CNS. Medically they are potent pain killers, cough suppressant and active component of anti-
diarrhea preparations. Narcotics relieves pain by acting on specific structures, called
receptors, located on the nerve cells of the spinal cord or brain. The usual method of
 administering these drugs into the body is by injecting, ingestion or inhalation. E.g. Opium
and its derivatives such as Morphine, Codeine and Heroin.
 Opium- Refers to the flowering plant of the species papaver somniferum. It is derived from
the oriental poppy plant which is grown in Asia and can also be found in other areas such as
Mexico. The plant is usually 3 or 4 feet high, raw opium is dark brown in color and is bitter in
taste. A number of alkaloids are derived from this substance, the most of which are morphine,
heroin, and codeine. The plant displays a beautiful flower that ranges in color from white to
purple.
 Morphine- It is the most important alkaloids and constitutes about 10 % of the use raw opium.
It is converted from raw opium through a relatively simple boiling and filtering process. One
of the most significant development in history took place in the early 19th century, when
Friedrich Serturner, a German scientist isolated morphine from opium.
 Heroin- It is the most commonly abused narcotic in the world. To produce heroin, the chemist
takes an equal amount of morphine and acetic anhydride and heats them together for six hours.
It was discovered by Alder Wright (1896), a British chemist. It promised to cure addiction
from opium and morphine. It is a white, odorless, crystalline powder with a very bitter taste.
 Codeine- Also known as Methylmorphine. It is similar to morphine , but its effect is weaker in
intensity. Cough preparations generally contain one grain of codeine per fluid ounce. It is also
available in tablet or powder form. It was isolated from morphine in the year 1832.
 Methadone- a synthetic narcotic used as treatment of heroin dependence but also fallen to
abused. Other than methadone, other most commonly known synthetic opiate substitute are
meperidine (demerol) and darvon.

Effects of Narcotics
 Produced a short lived feeling of pleasure, euphoria and a positive sense of well-being known as
“thrill”, “rush”, or “high”.
 Constrict pupil of the eye causing difficulty in vision
 On a large dose, it causes nausea, vomiting, and difficulty in breathing
 It induces sleep with a slow, shallow respiration
 Overdose cause convulsion, followed by cessation of respiration leading to death

2. Stimulants-Drugs which induce alertness, wakefulness, elevated mood, increased speech, mental and
motor activity, relieve fatigue or boredom and decreased appetite. E.g. Shabu, Cocaine, Ecstasy
 Cocaine- The drug taken from the coca bush plant. (Ertyroxylon coca) which usually grows in
South America. Cocaine, in its pure form, is also white and made up of shiny, colorless crystal
and understably called “snow” in the junkie jargon. It is one of the strongest short acting
stimulants.
 Amphetamines- usually prescribed to reduce appetite and to relieve minor cases of mental
depression. This drug is representative of a broad class of stimulants known as “pep pills”. The
most common and widely used preparations of the drug are methamphetamine, amphetamine
sulfate, dextroamphetamine, which are known and sold under such trade names as Benzedrine,
and Dexedrine. These drugs achieve their effect by increasing the amount and activity of the
neurotransmitter (noradrenaline) within the brain thus causing psychic effects.
  Methylenedioxymethamphetamine - (MDMA)- It is commonly known as “Ecstasy” It is a white,
yellow or brown in color with a bitter taste and comes in the form of either a tablet, capsule or
powder. Its tablet form comes in various designs and shapes hence it is dubbed as “designer
drugs”. It was first became popular in the US as recreational drug, followed later by European
and eventually gained popularity in other parts of the world including in the Philippines. Owing
to its expensiveness, most abusers are categorized among the elites, yuppies (young urban
professionals) and nocturnal party goers.
 Methamphetamine hydrochloride- Commonly known as “shabu”. It is a white odorless and
crystalline powder with bitter taste. It is popularly known as poor man’s cocaine. It is considered
as the most abused stimulants in the Philippines. At present, this chemical has no known
medically acceptable use.

Effects of Stimulants
(Amphetamines)
 Causes irritability, restlessness, hyperactivity, anxiety etc.
 Impairs judgment and causes deep depression and physical exhaustion after single dose of moderate
strength wears off
 Causes undesirable, acute psychotic consequences such as suspiciousness, hostility, persecutory
delusions, violent and destructive behavior and recklessness
 Physiological effects like hypertension, chest pain, irregular heart rate, convulsion and cardiac arrest
leading to death.

(Hallucinogens)
 More popularly known as psychedelics, is a group of natural or synthetic psychoactive drugs that
produce reactions such as perceptual alterations and changes in the state of consciousness. These
drugs generally produced marked distortion of the senses and alter the way time is perceived by the
user. They produce hallucinations or visions, hence the name. Chronic use lead to bizarre and anti-
social thoughts as well as to disorientation and confusion. These drugs work by exciting the CNS
and inhibiting the flow of serotonin, an important neurotransmitter in the brain.
Common Types of Hallucinogens:
 Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) - a compound produced from lysergic acid, a crystalline substance
derived from the fungus claviceps purpurea which infects wheat. It was discovered by Dr. Albert
Hoffman while working in a Swiss Pharmaceutical company. Known on the street as “acid”, it is the
best known and most potent hallucinogens.
 Mescaline - aka STP which stands for serenity- tranquility- peace- a drug derived from the dried tops of
the peyote cactus, a small cactus native to Mexico.
 Psilocybin - hallucinogenic compound obtained in mushroom, psilocybe mexicana.
 Phencyclidine (PCP) - considered as a menace and highly dangerous drug because it can be easily
synthesized, this drug has no medical purpose for humans but it is occasionally used by veterinarians as
an anesthetic and sedative for animals. It is popularly known as angel dust.
 Marijuana - Marijuana is a Mexican term meaning pleasurable feeling. It is a mixed preparation of the
flowering tops, leaves, seeds, and stem of the hemp plant. The plant may grow from 3 to 10 ft high. The
flowering tops of both male and female plant produce a sticky resin which contains
Tetrahydrocannabinol or THC. It is often divided into 3 species—Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, and
 Cannabis ruderalis—but there is significant disagreement about this, and some consider them
subspecies of the same parent species. Cannabis sativa can grow to 5–18 feet or more, and often has a
few branches. Cannabis indica typically grows 2–4 feet tall and is compactly branched. Cannabis
ruderalis contains very low levels of Δ-9-tetrahyocannabinol so is rarely grown by itself. It is also
known as the world oldest cultivated drugs used by the incas of Peru.
Effects of Marijuana:
o Faster heart beat and pulse rate
o Blood shot eye
o Dry mouth and throat
o Altered sense of time or disorientation
o Forgetfulness and inability to think
o Impaired reflexes/ coordination
o Acute panic – anxiety reaction- extreme fear of losing control

Routes of Drug Administration

1) Oral Ingestion - Taken by the mouth and must pass through the stomach before being absorbed in the
bloodstream.
2) Inhalation - Drug in gaseous from enters the lungs and is quickly absorbed by the capillary system.
3) Injection - Administered into the body by the use of a stringe or hypodhermic needle.
4) Snorting - Inhalation through the nose of drugs in gaseous form.
5) Buccal - Drugs is administered by placing it in the buccal cavity just under the lips.

SLANG TERMS AND STREET NAMES

Slang terms are derived from:
 The color, shape, or consistency of the drug.
 The effects the drug provides.
 Abbreviated forms of the name.
 Expanded forms of the name.
 The people who commonly use the drug.

Cocaine—This white powder substance is commonly abused for its euphoric stimulant effects. Some street
names include:
 Blow  Snow
 Bump  Toot
 C  Coca
 Charlie  Soda Cot
 Coke
Heroin—This substance, which is essentially a modified form of the morphine alkaloid derived from opium
poppies, can be consumed numerous ways (e.g. snorting, smoking, or injection), leading to an intense and
addictive high. Common heroin street names include:
 Brown Sugar  Negra
 China White  Skag
 Chiva  Skunk
 Dope  Smack
 H  Tar
 Hell Dust  Thunder
 Horse  White Horse
 Junk
  Heroin w/ OTC Cold Meds & Antihistamine: Cheese
Inhalants—A group of abused substances that comprises a wide range of solvents, glues, and other volatile
products often found around the home. Inhalants give off fumes or vapors, which are then inhaled by the user,
providing them with a short-lived but dangerous high. Depending on the type, they may be referred to as:
 Dusters  Poppers
 Gluey  Rush
 Huff  Snappers
 Laughing Gas  Whippets
Ketamine—this dissociative drug is mainly used in veterinary medicine and results in feelings of detachment
from reality. It is often called:
 Cat Tranquilizer  Kit Kat
 Cat Valium  Purple
 Jet K  Special K
 K  Vitamin K
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)—This hallucinogenic substance distorts reality and can produce drug-
induced psychosis. Profoundly negative effects are often referred to as “bad trips.” Street names include:
 Acid  Mellow Yellow
 Blotters  Microdot
 Blue Heaven  Window Pane
 Cubes  Yellow Sunshine
 Dots
Marijuana—This psychoactive drug substance with the active ingredient delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
is used frequently with increased legal status. It is referred to by numerous street names, including:
 Aunt Mary  Joint
 Blunt  Kif
 Bud  Mary Jane
 Chronic  Pot
 Dope  Reefer
 Ganja  Sense
 Grass  Sinsemilla
 Green  Skunk
 Herb  Smoke
 Hydro  Trees
 Indo  Weed
Hashish—A concentrated form of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) produced from the same plants that
produce marijuana, it is available as an oily substances or a hard resin. It may be called:
 Boom  Hash
 Dabs  Hemp
 Gangster
Synthetic Cannabinoids—A combination of herbs with chemicals added to produce a “high,” this “synthetic
marijuana” can be more potent and more problematic than marijuana.
 K2  Fire
 Spice  Genie
 Black Mamba  Moon Rocks
 Bliss  Smacked
 Bombay Blue  Yucatan
 Fake Weed  Zohai
3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA)—This stimulant substance has combined effects of
increasing energy/alertness, as well as creating hallucinogenic effects. Commonly called “ecstasy,” but may be
also be referred to as:
 Adam  Beans
  Clarity  Peace
 Disco Biscuit  STP
 E  X
 Eve  XTC
 Molly  Uppers
 Lover’s Speed
Methamphetamine—This powerful stimulant increases energy and activity levels while decreasing the need
for sleep. This substance is associated with poor decision-making, violence, and dangerous, erratic behaviors.
Users are often called “tweakers,” while the substance is commonly called:
 Batu  Meth
 Bikers’ Coffee  Methlies Quick
 Black Beauties  Shards
 Chalk  Speed
 Chicken Feed  Stove Top
 Crank  Tina
 Crystal  Trash
 Fire  Tweak
 Glass  Whiz
 Go Fast  Yellow barn
 Ice
Codeine:
 Captain Cody  Codeine mixed with the sedative
 Cody glutethimide: Doors and Fours, Loads,
 Schoolboy Pancakes and Syrup
 Codeine syrup mixed with alcohol: Lean,
Sizzurp, and Purple Drank
Fentanyl:
 Apache  Goodfella
 China Girl  Jackpot
 China White  Murder 8
 Dance Fever  Tango and Cash
 Friend  TNT
Morphine:
 Dreamer  Miss Emma
 Emsel  Mister Blue
 First Fine  Monkey
 God’s Drug  Morf
 Hows  Morpho
 M  Unkie
 M.S  White Stuff
Barbiturates:
Barbiturates like pentobarbital and phenobarbital:
 Barbs  Reds and Blues
 Block Busters  Tooies
 Christmas Trees  Yellow Jackets
 Goof Balls  Yellow
 Phennies
 Pinks
 Red Birds
 Red Devils
 Reds
Amphetamines:
Amphetamines like Adderall and Benzedrine:
 Bennies
 Black Beauties
 Crosses
 Hearts
 LA Turnaround
 Speed
 Truck Drivers
 Uppers

ALCOHOLIC
A person who has experienced physical, psychological, occupational impairment as consequence of
habitual, excessive consumption of alcohol.
ALCOHOL ABUSE
Use of ethyl alcohol or liquor in a quantity and with a frequency that causes significant Physiological,
psychological, or sociological distress or Impairment.
ALCOHOLIC DEPENDENCE
-A chronic loss of control over the consumption of alcoholic beverages despite obvious psychological or
physical harm to the person. Increasing amount are required overtime and abrupt discontinuance may
precipitate a withdrawal symptoms.
ALCOHOLIC LIQUOR
-Any beverages or compound, whether distilled, fermented, or otherwise, which will produce
intoxication or which contains in excess of one percent of alcohol and used as a beverage.
DRUNKARD
- A person who habitually takes or use any intoxicating alcohol liquor and while under the influence of
such, or in consequence of the effect thereof, is either dangerous to himself or to others.
ALCOHOLISM which is also known as "Alcohol Dependence Syndrome" is a disease characterized by the
following:
a) Craving - strong need or compulsion to drink
b) Loss of Control - frequent inability to stop drinking once a person has begun to drink.
c) Physical Dependence - The occurrence of withdrawal symptoms, such as shakiness and anxiety
when alcohol use is stopped.
SOME PROBLEMS ARISING FROM ALCOHOLISM
a) Loss of employment which can lead to financial problems;
b) violence; Marital Conflict and contribute to domestic
c) Drinking at inappropriate times and behavior can lead to legal consequences, such as public disorder
(Alarm and Scandal).
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DRUNKNESS AS A CRIME
-In the Philippines, drunkenness in itself is not a crime because a person may drink to excess in the
privacy of his home or in the party and commit no crime at all.
-It is only when a drunken person exhibits his condition publicly, or disturbs, endangers, or injured
others, that he became an offender and therefore, subject to arrest and punishment.
-Before and during elections, it is unlawful to sell or drink intoxicating liquor, as provided in the
election law. Under RA 4136, as amended, driving under the influence of liquor is prohibited.
Under Article 15 of the Revised Penal Code, intoxication is considered as an Alternative Circumstances.
-It is considered a mitigating circumstance when the offender has committed a felony in a state of
intoxication, if the same is not habitual.
- It is considered an aggravating circumstance, when the intoxication is habitual or intentional.

PROSTITUTION
-act or practice of providing sexual services to another person in return for payment.
-is the exchange of money for the performance of sexual act.
PROSTITUTE
-Customarily used, to refer to a female person who engages in sex in exchange for money as profession.
PHILANDERING
-Is having casual/illicit sex with a number of people.
-It usually refers to men, and often in the context of cheating on a wife or girlfriend.
TO PHILANDER
-Is to carry on romantic and/or sexual affairs outside a committed relationship
PHILANDER
-Is a serial cheater who betrays his spouse or long term partner repeatedly;
The term usually refers to men (obviously, women have also been known to carry on affairs).
VAGRANTS AND PROSTITUTES (under RPC)
-Any person having no apparent means of subsistence, who has the physical ability to work and who
neglects to apply himself or herself to some lawful calling.
-Any person found loitering about public or semi-public building or places, or tramping or wandering
about the country or to the streets without visible means of support.
-Any idle or dissolute person who lodges in houses of ill-fame, ruffians or pimps and those who
habitually associate with prostitutes.

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PROSTITUTES - women, who for money or profit, habitually indulge in sexual intercourse or lascivious
conduct.
Republic Act No. 10158
Signed last March 27, 2012, amended Article 202 of the Revised Penal Code removing vagrancy from
the country's list of crimes amid concerns it only targets the poor and the disadvantaged.
Although the poor or homeless people can no longer be hauled to jail for vagrancy, the new law
continued to penalize women engaged in prostitution.
RA 10158, defined prostitutes as "women who for money or profit, habitually indulge in sexual
intercourse or lascivious conduct."
A person found guilty of prostitution is punished by imprisoned from one to 30 days or a fine not
exceeding P200.
In case of recidivism, they are punished by arresto mayor in its medium period to prison correccional in
its minimum period or a fine ranging from P200 to P2,000, or both, depending on the court.
With the enactment of the law, all pending vagrancy cases meantime shall be dismissed and all persons
serving sentence for violating the vagrancy law shall immediately be released.

RELATED LAWS ON THE PROTECTION OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN

RA 7610, as amended, (Special Protection of children against child abuse, exploitation and discrimination
Act)
- Penalize those who engage in or promote, facilitate or induce child prostitution, who commit the act of
sexual intercourse or lascivious conduct with a child exploited in prostitution and who derived profit on
advantage therefrom, whether as a manager or owner of the establishment.
-penalty of reclusion temporal in its medium period to reclusion perpetua

GAMBLING
-Wagering of money or something of material value on. an event with an uncertain outcome with the
primary intent of winning additional money and/or material goods.
ILLEGAL NUMBERS GAME
-Any form of illegal gambling activity which uses numbers or combination as factors in giving out
jackpots.
JUETENG
-Illegal numbers game that involves the combination of numbers as a form of local lottery where bets
are placed and accepted per combination.
MASIAO

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 -Illegal numbers game where the winning combination is derived from the results of the last game of Jai
Alai or the Special Llave portion
LAST TWO
-Illegal numbers game where the winning combination is derived from the last two numbers of the first
prize of the winning Sweepstakes ticket.
BETTOR (Mananaya)
-Any person, who places bets for himself/herself or in behalf of another person, other than the personnel
or staff of any illegal numbers game operation.
COLLECTOR or AGENT (Cabo, Cobrador)
-Any person who collects, solicits or produces bets in behalf of his/her principal for any illegal numbers
game who is usually in possession of gambling paraphernalia
MAINTAINER, MANAGER OR OPERATOR
-Any person who maintains, manages, or operates any illegal number game in a specific area.
FINANCIERS OR CAPITALIST
-Any person who finances the operations of any illegal numbers game.
PROTECTOR OR CODDLER
-Any person who lends or provides protection, or receives benefits in any manner in the operation of any
illegal numbers game.
RELATED LAWS ON GAMBLING
Article 195 of RPC. Acts punishable in gambling any person directly or indirectly take part in any game
of Monte, jueteng, other form of lottery, policy, banking or percentage game, dog races or any other
game the result of which depends wholly upon a chance wherein wagers consisting of money, articles of
value, or representative of value are made.
Article 195 of RPC. (Penalty)
-The penalty of arresto mayor or a fine not exceeding two hundred pesos, and, in case of recidivism, the
penalty of arresto mayor or a fine ranging from two hundred or six thousand pesos,
-The penalty of prision correccional in its maximum degree shall be imposed upon the maintainer,
conductor, or banker in a game of jueteng or any similar game.
Article 196 (RPC).
Penalizing any person who shall import into the Philippine Islands from any foreign place or port any
lottery ticket or advertisement, or in connivance with the importer, shall sell or distribute the same.
-The penalty of arresto mayor in its maximum period to prision correccional in its minimum period or a
fine ranging from 200 to 2,000 pesos, or both, in the discretion of the court
Article 197 (RPC). Betting in sports Contest

13 | P a g e
 Penalizing any person who shall bet money or any object or article of value or representative of value.
upon the result of any boxing or other sports contest.
-The penalty of arresto menor or a fine not exceeding 200 pesos, or both,
Article 198 (RPC). Illegal betting on horse races
- Penalizing any person who, except during the periods allowed by law, shall bet on horse races.
-The penalty of arresto menor or a fine not exceeding 200 pesos, or both,
Article 199 (RPC). Illegal cockfighting -
Penalizing any person who directly or indirectly participates in cockfights, at a place other than a
licensed cockpit.
-The penalty of arresto menor or a fine not exceeding 200 pesos, or both, in the discretion of the court
RA 3063-Approved June 17, 1961
Authorizing licensed race tracks and racing clubs and their authorized agent to offer, take or arrange bets
outside the place, enclosure of track where the races held.
Penalty - fine of not less than one thousand pesos not more than two thousand pesos or by imprisonment hot
not less than one month or more than six months, or both, in the discretion of the court. If the offender is a
partnership, corporation or association, the criminal liability shall devolve upon its president, director, ar any
other official responsible for the violation.

PD 449-Cockfighting Law of 1974 - Approved May 9, 1974.

PD 483 - Penalizing Betting, Game-fixing or point shaving and Machinations in Sports Contents. Approved on
June 13, 1974.
PD 1602-Approved June 11, 1978. Prescribing stiffer penalties on illegal gambling.
RA 9287- Approved 2, 2004. An Act increasing the penalties for illegal numbers games, amending certain
provisions of P.D. 1602, and for other purposes.

VAPING
Vaping - the use of electronic devices, such as e-cigarettes, to inhale aerosolized liquid containing nicotine,
flavorings, and other chemicals. This practice is often considered an alternative to traditional smoking.

The effects of vaping include potential health risks, such as respiratory and cardiovascular issues. Additionally,
the delivery of nicotine through vaping can lead to addiction and dependency. There are concerns about the
increasing popularity of vaping among young people, particularly due to the availability of enticing flavored
products.

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Several factors contribute to the prevalence of vaping. Aggressive marketing by vaping companies plays a
significant role, as well as the perception that vaping is less harmful than traditional smoking. The appeal of
diverse and appealing flavors also attracts users, especially among the younger demographic.
Ethical and moral issues surround vaping, including the marketing strategies targeting youth, which raises
concerns about the influence on underage individuals. There are also ethical considerations related to the
potential misrepresentation of the health risks associated with vaping. Questions about corporate responsibility
emerge, prompting discussions on the role of vaping companies in addressing addiction and health
consequences.
In summary, vaping is a complex issue with health, social, and ethical dimensions, and ongoing research
contributes to our evolving understanding of its nature and impacts.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 11900, July 25, 2022
"AN ACT REGULATING THE IMPORTATION, MANUFACTURE, SALE, PACKAGING,
DISTRIBUTION, USE, AND COMMUNICATION OF VAPORIZED NICOTINE AND NON-NICOTINE
PRODUCTS, AND NOVEL TOBACCO PRODUCTS"
Section 1. Short Title. — This Act shall be known as the "Vaporized Nicotine and Non-Nicotine Products
Regulation Act."
Republic Act 11900 lowered the purchase age for e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products from 21 to 18,
removed a two-flavor limit on product flavors and allows companies to conduct corporate social responsibility-
related activities

“A man who asks is a fool for five minutes. A man who never asks is a fool for life.”—
Chinese Proverb

====================================END=======================================

15 | P a g e
Name of student: ______________________________ Year/Block:___________
Subject: Vice and Drug Education and Control
Pls. refer to your hand-outs

1. Define the following terminologies:

1.1. Administer
1.2. Chemical
1.3. Chemical Abuse
1.4. Cultivate
1.5. Drug
1.6. Drug Abuse
1.7. Drug Addiction
1.8. Drug Dependence
1.9. Narcotic Drug

2. Identify the scientific name/common name, and street name of the following:
2.1. Marijuana Plant
Scientific name:
Street name:
2.2. Opium
Scientific name:
Street name:
2.3. Heroin
Scientific name:
Street name:
2.4. Codeine
Scientific name:
Street name:
2.5. Ecstasy
Scientific name:
Street name:
2.6. Shabu
Scientific name:
Street name:

3. Identify if what classification of drugs are the following. Choose your answer inside the table

Hallucinogen

Stimulants

Depressants

Barbiturates

16 | P a g e
 3.1. Cocaine
3.2. Amphetamine
3.3. Marijuana
3.4. LSD
3.5. Psilocybin
3.6. Methaqualone
3.7. Narcotics
3.8. Caffeine
3.9. Tranquilizers
3.10. Ecstasy

4. Determine the effects of the following drugs:

4.1. Marijuana Effects:



4.2. Shabu Effects:



4.3. Cocaine Effects:



4.4. Mescaline Effects:



4.5. Ecstasy Effects:



Effects:
4.6. Lsd 

Effects:
4.7. Ampheta

mine

17 | P a g e
 Effects:
4.8. Caffeine 

Effects:
4.9. Heroin 

4.10. Codeine
Effects:


5. What are the qualifications to be called addict?

Answer:

6. What are the causes of using drugs?

Answer:

7. What agency under the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs?

Answer:

8. When are drugs harmful?

Answer:

18 | P a g e
 9. What drugs are commonly abuses?
Answer:

10. Determine the recognizable signs of drug abuse?

Answer:


11. What can a person do to prevent drug abuse?

Answer:


12. Distinguish and give at least two examples of stimulants, hallucinogen and depressant.

STIMULANTS HALLUCINOGENS DEPRESSANTS

  

  

  

Prepared by:

19 | P a g e
 CCJE Instructors

UNIVERSITY OF CAGAYAN VALLEY

(Formerly Cagayan Colleges Tuguegarao)
VICTOR VENTURA PEREZ (VVP) CAMPUS

COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION

Name of student: ______________________________ Year/Block:___________

Subject: Vice and Drug Education and Control
Instructor: ___________________________________

Module No. 2 MIDTERM COVERAGE

Discussion:

Legal Basis
R.A. 9165 The Comprehensive Dangerous Drug Act of 2012 as amended R.A.10640

Coordination Requirements
When to coordinate with the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA)
-As far as practicable, prior any anti-illegal drugs operation
-Within 24 hours from the time of actual custody of the suspects or seizure of drugs -Coordination Form

When coordination with PDEA is not required?

-In remote cases where coordination is not possible
-When coordination will compromise the lives of police operatives, informants and witnesses, involved in anti-
illegal drugs operations
-When prejudicial to the apprehension of drug personality and confiscation of illegal drugs.
-When prior coordination will compromise the entire operation

Reporting Requirements
► Spot Report
➤ Development report
➤ After operation report
► Progress report

Planning and Preparation

► Adequate planning and preparation
► Observance of the rights of suspects
► Ensure safety of operating elements
► Ascertain security and integrity of seized items/evidence
► High Profile Target
• Includes:
Clandestine laboratory
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 Multi-national targets
Transhipments

Required Preparation - COPLAN

Duties of the Team Leader during Planning and Preparation

► Conduct detailed briefing for the operating personnel
►Coordinate with assigned Legal Officer, local Police Units
►Designate an investigator and seizing officer
► Submit a copy of the case folder to PDEA
► Ensure that the prohibition against non- members of Anti-Illegal Drugs Unit in conducting operation is
complied

Conduct of Operation

► Required Female Operative

There must be at least one (1) female member operative who shall be responsible for arresting and frisking
female suspects and for taking into custody, children found in the place of operation.

Duty of Desk Officer

Maintain a record of the events, which include among others, jump-off time and date, name of the Team Leader,
area/s of operation and vehicles used.

►Apprise the Accused of his of Constitutional Rights

(I/We are Police Officers. I/we are arresting you for violation of RA 9165. You are hereby informed that you
have the right to remain silent. Anything that you say, can and will be used for or against you in any Court of
Law. You have the right to a counsel of your own choice and if you cannot afford one, you shall be provided
with a counsel to assist you. You can waive all this. rights in the presence of a Lawyer and in writing.. Do you
understand these rights?)

Handling, Custody and Disposition of Drug and Non-Drug Evidence

Must remember:
1. Taking of photographs of pieces evidence must be done immediately upon discovery.
2. Seizing Officer must mark the evidence with his initials indicating therein the date, time and place where the
evidence was found/recovered or seized.
3. Containers, packaging, equipment, etc., suspected of containing trace amounts of drugs including CPECS are
considered drug evidence and shall be submitted for laboratory examination.
4. Digital evidence such as computers, laptops, cellphones, CDs, flash drives and other forms of storage
peripherals found at the crime scene during the conduct of anti illegal drugs operations, shall be referred to the
Anti-Cybercrime Group (ACG) for purposes of Forensic Digital Examination.
Drug Evidence

Who shall witness?

► Physical inventory, markings and photograph of evidence must be witnessed by the following:

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(a) The suspect/s or the person/s from whom such items were confiscated and/or seized or his/ her
representative or counsel;
(b) With an elected Public Official; and
(c) Any representatives from the Department of Justice or Media who shall affix their signatures and who shall
be given copies of the inventory.

Drug Evidence
What should be done in case of non observance with the proper inventory procedure?
Make a justification in writing for non observance of the proper inventory procedure to prove the integrity and
evidentiary value of the seized items are not tainted.

Must Remember in Marking of Evidence

▸ Marking of all illegal drugs and CPECs for identification
► Weighing when possible or counting, sealing, packing and labelling of confiscated items.
► Recording of data in the Inventory and Chain of Custody Forms or Evidence Vouchers

What should be the contents of the list of inventory receipt of confiscation?

(a) Time, date and place of occurrence/seizure.

(b) Identity of person/s arrested.
(c) Identity of the Seizing Officer and all persons who witnessed the operations.
(d) Circumstances in which the seizure took place.
(e) Description of the vehicle, vessel, place or person searched from. where/whom the substance was found.
(f) Description of packaging, seals and other identifying marks.
(g) Description of quantity, volume and unit/measurement method employed.
(h) Description of the substance found.
(i) Description of any preliminary identification test (test kit) used and its results.

Observance of Chain of Custody

► Submission of all confiscated/seized drugs and/or CPECs to PDEA Laboratory Service or PNP Crime
Laboratory for examination and proper disposition within 24 hours
► Ensure that all phases of turn-over of evidence must have corresponding receipts to show continuance of
Chain of Custody
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▸ Accomplish:
Chain of Custody Form
Certification of Orderly Search

Chain of Custody of Evidence

► Remedy for Non-observance
Execute a justification in writing for non- observance to prove the integrity and evidentiary value of the seized
items are not tainted.

Jurisprudence for Chain of Custody

PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES v. TEDDY BATOON y MIGUEL and MELCHOR BATOON y MIGUEL
G.R. No. 184599, November 24, 2010, Velasco Jr. f.
For conviction of illegal possession of a pruhibited drug to lie, the following elements must be established: (1)
the accused was in possession of an item or an object identified to be prohibited a or regulated drug (2) such
possession is not authorized by law, and (3) the accused was freely andconsciously aware of being in
poeserxion of the drug. Notably, exclusive possession of the prohibited drug is not required.

PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES. EVANGELINE SOBANGEE Y EDAÑO G.R. No. 186120, January 31,
2011, Velasco, Jr., A
In order to successfully prosecute an accused for illegal sale of drugs, the prosecution must be able to prove the
following elements: (1) identities of the buyer and selier, the object, and the consideration, and (2) the delivery
of the thing sold and the payment for it.

PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES v. RUFINO VICENTE, JR. y CRUZ

G.R. No. 188847, January 31, 2011, Velasco, Jr., J.
Sec. 21 of RA 9165 need not be followed as an exact science, Non-compliance with See, 21 does not render an
accused's arrest illegal or the items seized/confiscated from lum inadmissible. It is not a serious flaw that can
render void the seizures and custody of drugs in a buy-bust operation. What is essential is the preservation of
the integrity and the evidentiary value of the seized items, as the same would be utilized in the determination of
the guilt or innocence of the accused.
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PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES v. MARLON ABETONG Y ENDRADO G.R. No. 209785, June 04, 2014,
Velasco, I
The chain of custody rule requires that the admission of an exhibit be preceded by evidence sufficient to support
a finding that the matter in question is what the proponent claims it to be. It would include testimony about
every link in the chain, from the moment the the sten item was picked up to the tune it is offered into evidence, in
such a way that every person who touched the exhibit would describe how and from whom it was received,
where it was and what happened to it while in the witness possession, the condition in which it was received
and the condition in which it was delivered to the next link in the chain

PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES v. VICTORIO PAGKALINAWAN G.R. No. 184805, March 3, 2010,
Velasco, J.
A police officer's act of soliciting drugs from the accused during a buy-bust operation or what is known as a
decay solicitation, is not prohibited by law and does not render the buy-hunt operation invalid.

PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES v. DARIUS BAUTISTA Y ORSINO DADA G.R. No. 191266, June 06,
2011, Velasco, Jr., J
In cases of dangerous drugs, what is unportant and necessary is for the prosecution to prove with moral
certainty that the dangerous drug presented in court as evidence against the accused be the same ttem
recovered from his possession." As long as the integrity and evidentiary value of the setzed items are properly
preserved by the apprehending officer/team," the seizure of and custody over the dangerous drugs shall not be
rendered void and invalid.

NON-DRUG EVIDENCE
What are considered non-drug evidence?

 Buy-bust money
 For motor vehicles, a sticker containing pertinent information (names of suspects, date and time of
arrest, arresting Unit, and arresting Officers to include the place where the motor vehicle was seized)
shall be attached on an area where it is most visible.
 For firearms, ammunition, explosives or other deadly weapons, tags containing the same information
shall be attached
 For smaller pieces of evidence, pertinent information such as quality, quantity and place where it was
seized/recovered shall be placed inside the evidence bag.
 For digital evidence such as computers, cell phones, laptops, other similar gadgets, and storage
peripherals, procedures indicated in the Miscellaneous Provisions of this Manual shall be strictly
observed.

Duty of Investigator-on-case after conduct of operation

Preparation of a detailed report on the conduct of anti-illegal drug operation including the photographs of all
confiscated non-drug evidence. The Legal Officer should be present as far as practicable to ensure that all the
information gathered can hold ground during Court proceedings.

Prohibition
No PNP member shall be allowed to conduct a planned anti-illegal drugs operation unless he is a member of an
Anti-Illegal Drugs Unit.

24 | P a g e
KINDS OF OPERATION
Planned Operations
Unplanned Operations

Rules for Buy Bust Operation

Buy Bust Operation
Is an entrapment technique employed by a peace officer as an effective way of apprehending a criminal in the
act of committing an offense

Legal Basis
Section 5, Para (a) and (b), Rule 113, Rules of Court; Section 13, Rule 126, Rules of Court; and and relevant
Supreme Court Decisions.

SEC. 5. Arrest without warrant, when lawful-A peace officer or a private person may, without a warrant, arrest
a person:
(a) When, in his presence, the person to be arrested has committed, is actually committing, or is attempting to
commit an offense,
(b) When an offense has just been committed and he has probable cause to believe based on personal
knowledge of facts or circumstances that the person to be arrested has committed it, and

SEC. 13. Search incident to lawful arrest.-A person lawfully arrested may be searched for dangerous weapons
or anything which may have been used or constitute proof in the commission of an offense without a search
warrant (12a)

Prior to Buy Bust Operations

1. Submission of all necessary prior reports on illegal drugs activities by the Team Leader which may include
following classified reports:
a. Summary of Information on the target/s
b. Special Reports
c. Surveillance Report
d. Contact Meeting Report
e. Development Report

25 | P a g e
3. Preparation of the buy-bust money.
➤ must be marked or dusted with ultra-violet powder by PDEA or PNP
➤ must be properly photographed, reproduced and/or recorded indicating the serial numbers and the person
who released the money, the Officer who received the same and had it delivered to the PDEA Laboratory
service or PNP Crime Laboratory for dusting
➤ the Officer receiving the money shall issue a receipt for the purpose

4. Coordination with the PDEA, as far as practicable, including territorial Police Units.
5. Preparation of the Inventory Receipt of Evidence Form for recovered evidence, Technical Inspection and
Inventory Report Form for recovered vehicles, and other pro-forma documents needed in the operation.
6. Preparation and inspection of the following: Firearms, communication, vehicles, camera and other equipment
and documents to be used by the team members.
7. The TL shall see to it that he has the contact numbers of representatives from the DOJ, Media and any Local
Elected Official in the area for inventory purposes as required under Section 21, RA 9165.
8. The TL, prior to the police operation, shall conduct a briefing emphasizing the role of every member of the
team and remind everyone to observe Rights of Individuals. He shall then inform team on the pre-arranged
signal to be executed by the poseur-buyer once the sale of illegal drugs has been consummated.

9. Team Composition:
a. Team Leader a Police Officer, preferably a PCO, responsible for his team's conduct of case build-up, raid,
arrest, investigation, filing and monitoring of a particular case.
b. Assistant TL a police officer who assists the TL in fulfilling his tasks and responsibilities. He must also be
prepared to take charge of the team in the absence of the TL.
c. Poseur Buyer undercover police officer who acts as a buyer of illegal drugs for purposes of effecting the
arrest of the offender.
d. Arresting Officer - a police officer tasked to apprehend the suspect/s.
e. Investigator-On-Case the police officer who determines the cause or motive of the crime, identifies and arrest
of suspect/s. interviews witnesses, and effects
f. Seizing/Inventory Officer - a police officer designated to confiscate and inventory all evidences taken from
arrested suspect/s.
g. Back up security police officers responsible for the security of the raiding team and to control entry and exit
of authorized persons in the area of operation.
h. Recorder police officer who records all events/incidents that transpire during the conduct of anti-illegal drugs
operation.

Actual Buy Bust Operations

The poseur buyer must ensure that the suspect delivers the illegal drugs or accepts the marked or dusted money
before giving the prearranged signal for the arrest. In pre-positioning team members, the designated arresting
and/or back-up elements should strategically position themselves in an area where they can observe the
negotiation/transaction between the suspect and the poseur-buyer.
On signal, the designated Arresting Officers shall immediately arrest the suspect/s and introduce themselves as
police officers. They then inform the suspect/s of the nature of their arrest.
(I/We am/are Police Officer/s I/we am/are arresting you for violation of RA 9165. You are hereby informed that
you have the right to remain silent and to have a competent and independent counsel of your own choice, and if
you cannot afford the services of a counsel you will be provided with one
26 | P a g e
MIRANDA DOCTRINE

Seizing Officer shall immediately confiscate and take initial custody of the illegal drugs.

During actual physical inventory, the Seizing Officer must mark, and photograph the seized/ recovered pieces
of evidence witnessed by the following:
The suspect or person/s from whom such items were confiscated and/or seized or his/ her representative or
counsel;

With an elected Public Official: and

Arny representatives from the Department of Justice or Media who shall affix their signatures and who shall be
given copies of the inventory.
Inventory and taking of photographs shall be made at the nears Police Station or Office of the Apprehending
team whichever is practicable.
Remedy for Non-compliance Execute a written explanation to justify non- compliance with the prescribed rules
during inventory.
The Investigator-on-case shall submit the seized illegal drugs to PDEA or PNP concerned units within 24 hours.
1. The Investigator-on-case shall prepare the case referral to the Prosecutor's Office for Inquest Proceedings and
attach the following;

(a) Copy of the Spot Report

(b Copy of the Inventory of Property Seized duly verified under cath
(c) Copy of the Request for and Result of Laboratory Examination Chemical Analysis of seized items
(d) Copy of the Request for end Result of Physical Medical Examination and Laboratory Screening Test of the
suspects
(e) Copy of the Request for and Result of Ulbra Violet Examination on the buy-bust money used and the
suspect
(f) Affidavit of Arrest executed by the Arresting Officer
(g)Affidavit of Poseur Buyer
(h) Affidavit of the Investigator on Case
(I)Accomplished Chain of Custody Form
(J) Copy of the initial laboratory screening test result
(k) Copy of the Receipt of Tum-Over of Evidence
(l) Copy of the Receipt of Tum-Over of amested suspect's
(m) Duly accomplished Booking Sheet and Arrest Report
(n) Photographs of the suspend's and evidence

2. The Investigator-on-case shall bring the arrested person together with the arresting personnel, Seizing
Officer, other witnesses and the pieces of evidence to the Prosecutor's Office for inquest proceedings.

3. After inquest, the Investigator-on-case may ask the court for the issuance of a Commitment Order turning-
over the pending arrested person/s to the Jail Warden for custody trail of the case

(Note: The case must be filed within the reglementary period prescribed under Article 125 of the Revised Penal
Code as amended, wherein it provides for 12 hours for Light Offenses, 18 hours for Less Grave, and 36 hours
for Grave Offense).
27 | P a g e
After Buy Bust Operations

4. Submission of After-Inquest Report to the Chief of Office and furnishing copy of the case folder to PDEA
5. Maintain a Case Tracking/Monitoring Systen or Record of the Case and subsequent update on the status of
the case to higher offices.
6. COP shall ensure that all police witness shall religiously attend and testify in court during the trial and shall
require them to secure a Certificate of Appearance from the court and to submit an after court duty report.

Buy Bust Forms

►Affidavit Poseur-Buyer
▸ Affidavit of Arresting Officer
Affidavit of the Investigator-On-Case
► Request for Powder Dusting
► Request for Determination of Presence of Fluorescent Powder

Rules for Search and Seizure Operation

Search and seizure

Search the examination of an individual's person, house, papers or effects or other premises to discover
contraband or some evidence of guilt to be used in the prosecution of a criminal action.
Seizure is the confiscation of personal property by virtue of a search warrant issued for the purpose.
Search Warrant - an Order in writing issued in the name of the People of the Philippines, signed by a Judge and
directed to a Peace Officer, directing him to search for personal property described therein and bring it before
the court. (Sec 1, Rule 126, Rules of Court)

Before Application of a Search Warrant

1. The Team Leader shall see to it that prior data/information has been acquired and reduced into classified
report which may include but not limited to the following:

(a) Summary of Information

(b) Contact Meeting Report
(c) Surveillance/Casing Report
(d) Development Report

2. Once the identity, activity and location of the suspects, a test buy shall be undertaken to confirm the
genuineness of illegal-drugs in possession of the target personality.
3. In the case of clandestine laboratory and chemical warehouse, samples of the finished product or controlled
precursors and essential chemicals must be obtained including photographs the laboratory equipment and
apparatus without compromising the operation.
4. Laboratory examination shall be requested and the pieces of evidence obtained in the test-buy submitted to
the PDEA Laboratory Service or PNP Crime Laboratory. If the result of laboratory examination turns positive
for illegal drugs and/or CPECs, the disposition of two (2) witnesses shall be prepared and the application for a
search warrant shall be made.

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What if application for warrant will compromise the operation?

Apply before the Executive Judges of Manila and Quezon City with the personal endorsement of the C, PNP or
TDIDM.

Legal Basis
Supreme Court Administrative Matter No. 08-4-4-SC (July 7, 2009)

Contents for the application for Search Warrant

(a) Office applying for the Search (1) Warrant;

(b) Name and signatures of applicant, deponent-witnesses and approving authority:
(c) Name of the subject/aliases;
(d) Nature of the offense:
(e) Exact address of place to be searched;

Specific statement of facts and items to be seized. If necessary, indicate specific facts that would justify the
service of the Search Warrant other than day time,

(g) Sketch and pictures of the place to be searched

(h) Surveillance video (optional/if doable); and
(i) Description or pictures of subject persons, if available.

Can a SW be applied on a weekend?

Yes, provided that the applicant certifies and states under oath to the satisfaction of the judge that its issuance is
urgent.

Duties of the Operatives upon Entry to the Target Area

1. Properly identify and frisk each subject of the SW/occupant.

2. Ensure that the search is witnessed by at least 2 responsible persons in the vicinity preferably elected officials
3. Only property described in the SW shall be seized.
4. For targets with two (2) or more rooms or enclosures. Search them one at a time
5. Take pictures of the search in the presence of witnesses preferably Elected Officials.

29 | P a g e
6. Take pictures of the actual physical inventory and the markings on the items or articles seized in the presence
of an elected official, DOJ representative or Media
7. The owner or occupant of the house/target area shall be made to execute and sign a certification that the
search was conducted in an orderly manner, nothing was lost or destroyed and nothing was taken except for
those covered under the SW.
8. Occupant is given a copy of the receipt of seized items or property.

Pre-Search and Seizure Operations Briefing

1. The TL conducts initial briefing and assigns tasks to each member without mentioning the identities of the
subjects and location of the target area.

2. In instances where several units are involved in the operation, a Ground Commander shall be designated to
coordinate the movements and efforts of the team involved.

3. Prior entry assignments must be given attention.

4. The final briefing should be conducted immediately prior to jump-off and close as possible to the time and
target place where SW will be implemented

Custody and handling of evidence,

Custody and handling of arrested suspects,
Custody and handling of seized vehicles;
Custody and Handling of minor suspects;

Entry Stage Procedure

1. The Entry Team shall occupy the area, takes control and secure it.
The Search Team enters and assesses the situation. The Perimeter/Security Team then establishes police line.
2. The TL shall read, explain and furnish a copy of the SW to the suspects or occupant/s in the presence of at
least two (2) witness preferably elected officials or responsible persons in the area.
3. In the case of resistance, the Entry Team shall subdue the suspects wit reasonable force.

Objects that can be seized

1. Subject matter of the offense

2. Properties that are stolen or embezzled
3. Properties intended to be used in the commission of an offense
4. Items or objects which are illegal per se
5. Objects that may be used as proof in the commission of the offense.

After the Search/Return of the Warrant

1. The SW applicant must immediately the things or property seized to the judge who issued the warrant,
together with an inventory thereof duly verified under oath.

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2. In the case of clandestine laboratory, the SW applicant or TL shall immediately call the judge and inform him
the result of the implementation and seek for court's approval for subsequent turnover of the seized evidence to
the Investigator-on-case or to the PDEA or PNP Crime Lab
3. The arrested suspect/s shall be brought to the office of the operating units and shall, be turned-over to the
Investigator-on- case for investigation, documentation and other necessary actions.

Financial Investigation

During the intelligence/surveillance phase of anti-illegal drugs operations, PNP operating Units must also gather
information on possible money laundering activities of target personalities and their cohorts/accomplice.

Operating Units must examine the financial records of the suspect/s which include, among other, the following:

1) Bank account records (bank statements, deposit slips, encashed checks, credit card monthly billings, debit/
credit memos, wire transfers, cashier's checks, foreign exchange sold);
2) Business records (Articles Incorporation/By-Laws, of board minutes, stock record books);
3) Deed of conveyances (Deed of Sale, Deed of Donation, Deed of Transfer, etc);
4) TCTS, ORS/CRs of vehicles:
5) Payment of bills, purchase of materials, stock certificates; and
6) Anything which indicates that the money went into financial institutions or where moneywent/spentand
where itcamefrom.

Search Warrant Forms

► Affidavit of Seizing Officer

►Affidavit of Arresting Officer
▸ Affidavit of the Investigator-On-Case
► Compliance/Return of Search Warrant
► Turn-over of Arrested Suspect
► Case Referral
Turn-over of Custody

Inflagrante Delicto Cases

Are acts committed in violation of RA 9165 for warrantless arrest, search, and seizure and classified in this
Manual as an unplanned operation with the exception of cases enumerated under planed operation.

Other inflagrante delicto cases:

1) Search made incidental to a valid arrest

2) Search of maving vehicles, vessels and aircrafts;
3)Seizure of dangerous drugs, CPECS etc. which are concealed in smuggled items:
4) When there is a consented search
5) Seizure of evidence in plain view (evidence which can be seen in plain view without need of search done in
Police Check-Points Routine Police Patrol and Inspections), and
6) Other police operations analogous to the foregoing.

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Documents Necessary for Inquest Proceedings

(a) Copy of the Spot Report duly received by PDEA,

(b) Copy of the Receipt of the Inventory of items sized/ confiscated and duly verified under oath:
(c) Photographs of the crime scene,
(d) Copy of the Receipt of Tum-Over of Evidence.
(e) Copy of the Receipt of Tum-Over of the arrested suspects;
(f) Copy of the request for and results of the Laboratory Examination for Chemical Analysis on the seized
drugs,
(g) Copy of the request for and results of the Laboratory Screening Test and Physical/Medical Examination of
the suspect/s;
(h) Copy of the Booking Sheet and Arrest Report,
(i) Photographs of the evidence seized and the suspect/s,
(j) Copy of the Affidavit of Arrest;
(k) Copy of the Affidavit of Seizing Officer;
(l) Affidavit of other witnesses, if any, and
(m) Others that may be submitted later.

IDENTIFICATION AND EXAMINATION OF DANGEROUS DRUGS

DRUG IDENTIFICATION
 The branch of forensic chemistry, the deals with the scientific examination of drugs and volatile
substances.
 Usually conducted by a forensic chemist/ officer to determine the presence of dangerous drugs on
submitted specimen.
 The chemist officer also conducts drug test on body fluids of suspected drug pushers and users to
determine the presence of dangerous drug metabolites.
 Paraphernalia like smoking pipers, tooters and aluminum foils should also be submitted for examination
to determine the presence of drugs.

Two phases in the examination of the alleged confiscated dangerous drugs:

1. Screening test/ preliminary test
 Also known as the color test
 This test is nonspecific and preliminary in nature. It is employed to reduce, the family or group
of drug to a small and manageable number.

2. Confirmatory test
 The method employed to confirm the results of the screening test.
 This test involves the application of n analytical procedure to identify the presence of a specific
drug or metabolites.

CHEMICAL TEST AND ANALYSIS

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DRUGS TEST USED COLOR REACTION
Opium Marquis Test Purple/Violate
Heroin Nitric Acid Yellow-Green
Morphine Nitric Acid Red-Orange
Cocaine Cobalt Thiocyanate Blue
Dille-Kepanyi Test/
Barbiturates Violet/Blue
The Zwikker Test
Amphetamines Marquis Test Red/Orange-Brown
Lysergic Acid
Ehrlich Violet
Diethylamide
Marijuana Duquenois-Levine Test/ Kn Test Red Bottom Layer
Ecstasy Simon Test Blue
Mescaline Marquis Test Orange
Cannabis Duquenois-Levine Test/ Kn Test Violet
Codeine Nitric Acid Orange/yellow
Shabu Simon Test Blue

ROMBERGS TEST- a test used to determine if the person is drunk or not

CHROMATOGRAPHY- is the process of separating mixture and comparing the migration of each component
with standard. Some chromatographic techniques include:
1. Gas chromatography
2. Thin layer chromatography
3. High pressure liquid chromatography

What is gas chromatography?

 It is a separate technique
 The mobile phase is a gas
 Separation is based on the difference in migration rates among sample components.

SPECTROSCOPY- a confirmatory method whereby light is used to identify the sample specimen.

FOURIER TRANSFORM INFARED SPECTROSCOPY (FTIR)

 Used for the identification of pure organic substances. Identifies organic substance particularly
dangerous drugs and explosive ingredients based on their characteristics functional groups.

ULTRA VIOLET- VISIBLE SPECTROSCOPY

 used for screening of dangerous drugs in urine specimen.

Examination of the urine specimen

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  the rate excretion from the body depends on the drugs solubility in fat. Water soluble drugs such cocaine
excreted quickly while fat soluble drugs such as marijuana may take several weeks or months before
excretion.

"He who learns but does not think, is lost! He who thinks but does not learn is in great
danger.”—Confucius

**************************************END**********************************

Name of student: ______________________________ Year/Block:___________

Subject: Vice and Drug Education and Control
Pls. refer to your hand-outs
 Identify the chemical test and analysis used and color reaction of the Ff drugs. Format are shown below
with the example.

DRUGS TEST USED COLOR REACTION

Opium
Heroin
Morphine
Cocaine
Barbiturates
Amphetamines
Lysergic Acid
Diethylamide
Marijuana
Ecstasy
Mescaline
Cannabis
Codeine

 What are the Components of the Anti-Drug Strategy

 Enumerate and explain the different Drug Rehabilitation Programs

Prepared by:
CCJE Instructors

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 UNIVERSITY OF CAGAYAN VALLEY
(Formerly Cagayan Colleges Tuguegarao)
VICTOR VENTURA PEREZ (VVP) CAMPUS

COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION

Name of student: ______________________________ Year/Block:___________

Subject: Vice and Drug Education and Control
Instructor: ___________________________________

Module No. 3 FINAL COVERAGE

Discussion:

PRELUDE:

In the previous discussion, we already sighted that before the enactment of RA 9165 in the country there were
two special laws governing or prohibiting the use of illegal drugs in our country that is RA 953 of 1953 and RA 6425 of
1972. With our present context here in our country selling, manufacturing, distributing and use of dangerous drugs is
rampant. These problems are brought by these drug syndicates operates in other country and most likely operates here in
our country. With that reason Philippines is known in Asia as favorable site for drug trafficking and drug abuse that makes
Filipino’s turn to use, sell, and manufacture, distribute dangerous drugs.

On June 2016, when President Rodrigo Duterte takes the position he ordered the PNP to conduct the so called”
OPLAN TOKHANG”. This is a plan of the government that used to exterminate/eradicate the selling, manufacturing and
use of dangerous drugs here in our country. Along with the implementation of this plan there were so many dangerous
drug users, seller, manufacturers neither surrendered nor arrested or that we should say they were KILLED by the
authorities’. Hence, if we will not cure this major problem of our country most likely pertains to sell; manufacturing,
distributing and use of dangerous drug what will happened with the futures of our children and most especially our
developing country. But behind that there were a question arises from it like 1. What is the wants of the administration
why there is stringent implementation of RA 9165? 2. Why is it that there were so many people involve to this are being
killed? 3. Isn’t it that there is most safe and easiest measures to stop this problem? 4. or isn’t it that there is sufficient
rehabilitation centers and programs for those surrendered and /or arrested drug users?

Therefore in this topic I would like to seek your ideas and /or opinion for betterment of discussion of the
matter.

SALIENT PROVISIONS OF THE DANGEROUS DRUGS LAW

REPUBLIC ACT 9165
Some Pertinent Provisions of Comprehensive Dangerous Drug Act of 2002

UNLAWFUL ACTS AND PENALTIES UNDER RA 9165

Section 4. Importation of Dangerous Drugs
Penalty:

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 Life Imprisonment and fine of Five Hundred Thousand pesos (P500,000.00) (P10,000,000.00). to Ten
Million Pesos
Importation of any Controlled precursor and essential chemicals
Penalty:
Imprisonment ranging from twelve (12) years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years and a fine ranging
from One Hundred Thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to Five Hundred Thousand Pesos (P500,000.00)
Sec 4"protector/coddler" of any violator of the provisions under this Section.
Penalty:
- twelve (12) years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years of imprisonment and a fine ranging from One
hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00)

Section 5. Sale, Trading, Administration, Dispensation, Delivery, Distribution and Transportation of

Dangerous Drugs
Penalty:
-life imprisonment and fine ranging from Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million
pesos (P10,000,000.00)
Section 6. Maintenance of a Den, Dive or Resort involving dangerous drugs
Penalty:
-life imprisonment and a fine ranging from Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million
pesos (P10,000,000.00)
-The penalty of imprisonment ranging from twelve (12) years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years and a
fine ranging from One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to Five hundred thousand pesos
(P500,000.00) shall be imposed upon any person or group of persons who shall maintain a den, dive, or
resort where any controlled precursor and essential chemical is used or sold in any form.
Section 7 Employees and Visitors of a Den, Dive or Resort
12 years and 1 day to 20 years (100,000.00 to 500,000.00).
(a) Any employee of a den, dive or resort, who is aware of the nature of the place as such; and
(b) Any person who, not being included in the provisions of the next preceding, paragraph, is aware of
the nature of the place as such and shall knowingly visit the same.
Section 8. Manufacture of Dangerous Drugs and/or Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals
- Penalty for Manufacture of Dangerous drugs- life imprisonment and a fine ranging from Five
hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00)

- Penalty for manufacture any controlled precursor and essential chemical The penalty of
imprisonment ranging from twelve (12) years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years and a fine
ranging from One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to Five hundred thousand pesos
(P500,000.00)

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Note:
The presence of any controlled precursor and essential chemical or laboratory equipment in the
clandestine laboratory is a prima facie proof of manufacture of any dangerous drug.
Sec 11. Possession of Dangerous Drugs
- Possession of Dangerous Drugs regardless of purity- penalty provided life imprisonment and a fine
ranging from Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00)
-10 grams or more of opium, morphine, heroin, cocaine or cocaine hydrochloride, marijuana resin or oil,
and other dangerous drugs,
- 50 grams or more of shabu
- 500 grams or more of marijuana
Penalty-Life imprisonment and fine ranging from Php 400,000.00 to Php 500,000.00
- If the quantity of shabu is ten (10) grams but not more than 50 grams
Penalty- Imprisonment of 20 years and 1 day to life imprisonment and fine ranging from Php 400,000.00 to Php
500,000.00
- If 5 grams or more but less than 10 grams of any Dangerous Drugs
- 300 grams or more of marijuana but less than 500 grams
Penalty- imprisonment of 12 years and 1 day to 20 years and a fine ranging from Php 300,000.00 to Php 400,
000.00
-If the quantity of dangerous drugs are less than 5 grams.
- If the quantity of Marijuana is less than 300 grams.
Sec 15. Use of Dangerous Drugs Penalty
-A person apprehended or arrested, who is found to be positive for use of any dangerous drug, after a
confirmatory test, shall be imposed a penalty of a minimum of six (6) months but not exceeds one year
rehabilitation in a government center for the first offense.
- If apprehended using any dangerous drug for the second time, he/she shall suffer the penalty of
imprisonment ranging from six (6) years and one (1) day to twelve (12) years and a fine ranging from
Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) to Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00): Provided, That this
Section shall not be applicable where the person tested is also found to have in his/her possession such
quantity of any dangerous drug provided for under Section 11 of this Act, in which case the provisions
stated therein shall apply.
Sec 16. Cultivation of plants classified as source of dangerous drugs Penalty
-Life imprisonment and fine ranging from Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million
pesos (P10,000,000.00)
-Penalty of 12 years and 1 day to 20 years of imprisonment and a fine ranging from P100,000.00 to
P500,000.00 shall be imposed upon any person, who acts as a "protector/coddler of any violator of the
provisions of Sec. 16......
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Section 18. Unnecessary Prescription of Dangerous Drugs.-
- The penalty of imprisonment ranging from twelve (12) years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years
and a fine ranging from One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to Five hundred thousand pesos
(P500,000.00)

and the additional penalty of the revocation of his/her license to practice shall be imposed upon the
practitioner, who shall prescribe any dangerous drug to any person whose physical or physiological
condition does not require the use or in the dosage prescribed therein, as determined by the Board in
consultation with recognized competent experts who are authorized representatives of professional
organizations of practitioners, particularly those who are involved in the care of persons with severe
pain.
Section 19. Unlawful Prescription of Dangerous Drugs.
- The penalty of life imprisonment and a fine ranging from Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00)
to Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00) shall be imposed upon any person, who, unless authorized by
law, shall make or issue a prescription or any other writing purporting to be a prescription for any
dangerous drug.
Section 21. Custoy and Disposition of Confiscated, Seized, and/or Surrendered Dangerous Drugs, Plant
Sources of Dangerous Drugs, Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals, Instruments/Paraphernalia
and/or Laboratory Equipment
-The PDEA shall take charge and have custody of all dangerous drugs, plant sources of dangerous
drugs, controlled precursors and essential chemicals, as well as instruments/paraphernalia and/or
laboratory equipment so confiscated, seized and/or surrendered, for proper disposition in the
following manner:
- The apprehending team having initial custody and control of the drugs shall, immediately after seizure
and confiscation, physically inventory and photograph the same in the presence of the accused or the
person/s from whom such items were confiscated and/or seized, or his/her representative or counsel, a
representative from the media and the Department of Justice (DOJ), and any elected public official who
shall be required to sign the copies of the inventory and be given a copy thereof;
-Within twenty-four (24) hours upon confiscation/seizure of dangerous drugs, plant sources of
dangerous drugs, controlled precursors and essential chemicals, as well instruments/paraphernalia and/or
as laboratory equipment, the same shall be submitted to the PDEA Forensic Laboratory for a qualitative
and quantitative examination;
- A certification of the forensic laboratory examination results, which shall be done under oath by the
forensic laboratory examiner, shall be issued within twenty-four (24) hours after the receipt of the
subject item/s.
That a final certification shall be issued on the completed forensic laboratory examination on the same
within the next twenty-four (24) hours
After the filing of the criminal case, the Court shall, within seventy-two (72) hours, conduct an ocular
inspection of the confiscated, seized and/or surrendered dangerous drugs, and controlled precursors and
essential chemicals, including the instruments/paraphernalia and/or laboratory equipment, and through
the PDEA shall:

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 within twenty-four (24) hours thereafter proceed with the destruction or burning of the same, in the
presence of the accused or the person/s from whom such items were confiscated and/or seized, or his/her
representative or counsel, a representative from the media and the DOJ, civil society groups and any
elected public official
Section 23. Plea-Bargaining Provision.
- Any person charged under any provision of this Act regardless of the imposable penalty shall not be
allowed to avail of the provision on plea-bargaining
Section 28 - Criminal Liability of Government Officials and Employees.
- The maximum penalties of the unlawful acts provided in the Act shall be imposed, in addition to
absolute perpetual disqualification from any public office those found guilty of such unlawful acts are
government officials and employees.
Section 29. Criminal Liability for Planting of Evidence
- Any person who is found guilty of dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and "planting" anm
essential chemical, regardless of quantity and punt shall suffer the maximum penalty
Program for Treatment and Rehabilitation of Drug Dependents
- A drug dependent or any person who violates Section 15 of this Act may, by himself/herself or through
his/her parent, spouse, guardian or relative within the fourth degree of consanguinity or affinity, apply to
the Board or for treatment and rehabilitation of the drug dependency. The Board shall bring forth the
matter to the Court which shall order that the applicant be examined for drug dependency.
If the examination by a DOH-accredited physician results in the issuance of a certification that the
applicant is a drug dependent, he/she shall be ordered by the Court to undergo treatment and
rehabilitation in a Center designated by the Board for a period of not less than six (6) months.

Temporary Release From the Center; After-Care and Follow-Up Treatment Under the Voluntary
Submission Program.
-Upon certification of the Center that the drug dependent within the voluntary submission program may
be temporarily released, the Court shall order his/her release on condition that said drug dependent shall
report to the DOH for after-care and follow-up treatment, including urine testing, for a period not
exceeding eighteen (18) months under such terms and conditions that the Court may impose.
Dangerous Drug Test Requirements
The following shall undergo mandatory drug testing:
1. applicants for drivers license
2. applicants for Firearms license & PTCFOR
3. members of the PNP, AFP, & other LEA
4. All persons charged with criminal offense with penalty of not less than 6 years. 5. All candidates for
public office national/ local

The following shall undergo random drug testing:

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 1.students of secondary and tertiary schools;
2. officers and employees of public & private offices.

SUPREME COURT DECISIONS

-mandatory, random, suspicion less drug testing of The Philippines Supreme Court upheld workers and
high school and college students, but struck down as unconstitutional provisions of the Comprehensive
Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002 that required drug tests for candidates for political office or those charged
with criminal offenses.
......................the court noted that the law says the random drug testing of employees "shall be
undertaken under conditions calculated to protect as much as possible the employee's privacy and
dignity," and that employers are not required to report positive test results to prosecutors. It also found
that "the intrusion into the employee's privacy... is accompanied by proper safeguards, particularly
against embarrassing leakages of test results, and is relatively minimal."
.....................In the case of students, the high court found that drug testing was not only constitutional,
but perhaps even necessary. It noted the presence of drugs in the country "that threatens the well-being
of the people, particularly the youth and school children who usually end up as victims.
..Candidates for political office, however, may not be subjected to drug tests as condition of candidacy,
the court held. The drug law's provisions requiring testing of candidates unconstitutionally added to the
constitution's provisions defining the qualification or eligibility of candidates
...........The court was equally kind to people charged with criminal offenses, holding that they cannot be
drug tested because they might incriminate themselves and because drug testing in their cases would not
be random or suspicionless. "To impose mandatory drug testing on the accused is a blatant attempt to
harness a medical test as a tool for criminal prosecution, contrary to the objectives of RA 9165 [the drug
testing law). Drug testing in this case would violate a person's right to privacy guaranteed under Section
2, Article III of the Constitution. Worse still, the accused persons are veritably forced to incriminate
themselves

Responsibility and liability of law enforcement agencies in testifying as Prosecution Witness in Dangerous
Drug Cases
- Penalty- 12 years and 1 day to 20 years and a fine of not less than Php 500,000.00 in addition to the
administrative liability.

- For any members of law enforcement agency who, after due notice, fails or refuses intentionally or
negligently to appear as a witness for prosecution.

Section 92. Delay and Bungling in the Prosecution of Drug Cases

- Any government officer or employee tasked with the prosecution of drug-related cases under this act,
who. through patent laxity, inexcusable neglect, unreasonable delay or deliberately causes the
unsuccessful prosecution and/or dismissal of the sald drug cases, shall suffer the penalty of
imprisonment ranging from twelve (12) years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years without prejudice to
his/her prosecution under the pertinent provisions of the Revised Penal Code.

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Non-applicability of the Probation Law for Drug Traffickers and Pushers. - cannot avail of the privilege
granted by Probation Law (PD 968, as amended).
NAPOLCOM MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR NO. 200003 Adopting Salient Provisions of PDEA
Memorandum on the preparation of pre-operation report and PNP- AIDSOTF Memorandum Circular
in the conduct of Anti-Illegal Drugs Operations.
Pre-Operations
-Operating Unit to submit to PDEA, the pre-operations report, indicating details such identity, area of
operation, composition, tactics and equipment of the operating unit and duration of the operation. Also
includes the information on the suspect/s.
-Certification of Coordination prepared by PDEA given to the operating unit which submitted a pre-
operations report.
Exemption of submission of Pre Operations Report:
1. In remote places where coordination is not possible;
2. When coordination will compromise the lives of police operatives, informant and witnesses, involved
in anti-drug operations;
3. When coordination will prejudice the apprehension of drug suspects and confiscation of dangerous
drugs;
4. When prior coordination will compromise the entire police operation.
(In above instances, post coordination shall be made in lieu of prior coordination).
Signatories to the Pre-Operation Report - signed by the Team Leader.
Conduct of Operation
- Team shall be led by a police commissioned officers except in far flung areas where there are no
assigned PCOS.
- To have at least 1 female member operative who shall be responsible for arresting and frisking female
suspects and for taking custody of children found in the place of operation.

DRUG REHABILITATION PROGRAMS

Treatment, Rehabilitation and Reintegration

As an important facet of drug demand reduction, trends in treatment and rehabilitation as well as issues and
concerns that families and recovering drug dependents face during the process are continually monitored. These
are integrated into existing health and social agencies to ensure continuum of care. More importantly, services
are built on community resources.

Treatment and rehabilitation of drug dependents is an essential component of drug demand reduction. Republic
Act 9165 or the “The Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002”, as amended (the “Act”) mandates that it
is the State policy to provide effective mechanisms or measures to re-integrate into society individuals who
have fallen victims to drug abuse or dangerous drug dependence through sustainable programs of treatment and
rehabilitation.
Treatment and Rehabilitation Centers accredited by the Department of Health utilize different drug treatment
modalities or approaches in the treatment of drug dependents.

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 Multidisciplinary Team Approach - avails of the services and skills of a team composed of a psychiatrist,
psychologist, social worker, occupational therapist, or practitioners of other related disciplines in collaboration
with the family and the drug dependent.
 Therapeutic Community Approach - views addiction as a symptomatic manifestation of a more complex
psychological problem rooted in an interplay of emotional, social, physical and spiritual values. It is a highly
structured program wherein the community is utilized as the primary vehicle to foster behavioral and attitudinal
change. The patient receives the information and the impetus to change from being a part of the community.
Role modelling and peer pressure play significant parts in the program.

The goal of every therapeutic community is to change the patients’ self-destructive thinking and behavioral
pattern, teach them personal responsibility, positivize their self-image, create a sense of human community and
provide an environment in which human beings can grow and take responsibility and credit for the growth.
 Hazelden-Minnesota Model - views addiction as a disease, an involuntary condition caused by factors largely
outside a person’s control. The program consists of didactic lectures, cognitive-behavioral psychology,
Alcoholic Anonymous principles / Twelve Steps Principles and biblio-therapy. In this modality, counsellors and
patients collaborate in defining the path to recovery.
 Spiritual Approach - uses the Bible as the primary source of inspiration to change. It views drug addiction as a
sin and encourages the patients to turn away from it and renew their relationships with the Lord.
 Eclectic Approach - aims at applying a holistic approach in the rehabilitation program. The spiritual and
cognitive components of the Twelve Steps complement the behavioral aspects of the Therapeutic Community.
The skills and services of rehabilitation professionals and paraprofessionals are made available. In doing so,
different personality aspects of drug dependents are well addressed geared towards their rehabilitation and
recovery

COMPOSITION OF DDB
Board Members
The Dangerous Drugs Board is managed by a Board, a multi-disciplinary body composed of 17 members, three
of whom are Permanent, 12 are Ex-Officio and two are Regular Members. The President of the Republic of the
Philippines decides from among the three Permanent Members who will hold the position of Chairman with the
rank of a Secretary. Current Secretary:
NATIONAL STRATEGY AGAINST DRUGS

The drug issue is undoubtedly a public health challenge that must be prioritized because it creates complex
health and social problems. Under the administration of President Rodrigo Roa Duterte, the Philippines
undergoes rigorous anti-drug cleansing through the shared efforts of national government agencies, non-
government organizations, faith-based groups and the private sector.
In addressing the drug menace, a myriad of strategies need to be put in place and operationalized. The
government’s intensified campaign to curb illegal drugs will only succeed if it is carried out on various fronts.

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Recognizing the need to set forth a comprehensive and balanced approach to drug demand and drug supply
reduction, the Philippine Anti-Illegal Drugs Strategy (PADS) has been developed as a blueprint of the
government’s strategies and programs in addressing the country’s drug use problem. It is aligned with the
President’s priorities and is anchored on the Philippine Development Plan 2017-2022 sub-goal of ensuring
security, public order and safety which indicates that the national anti-illegal drugs strategy includes
suppressing the flow of illegal drugs supply through sustained law enforcement operations and reducing
consumer demand for drugs and other substances through drug rehabilitation and massive preventive education
and awareness programs.

The Anti-Drug Strategy

Drug supply reduction efforts involving aggressive law enforcement and prosecution with strong adherence to
the rule of law and observance of human rights, coupled with comprehensive demand reduction initiatives and
supported by strong international ties.

Components of the Anti-Drug Strategy

Drug Supply Reduction
Take away drugs from the public through market denial operations and prevention of diversion from the licit to
illicit market; and reduce the proliferation of illegal drugs through sustainable alternative development
programs.
Law Enforcement
In order to fully support the government’s anti-drug campaign, the Philippine National Police launched its PNP
Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign Plan: Double Barrel. Implemented in a two-pronged approach, this is the
centerpiece of PNP’s campaign against illegal drugs.
- The lower barrel is dubbed as Project Tokhang (ToktokHangyo), a Visayan composite term that stands
for knock (Toktok) and plead (Hangyo).
- The upper barrel, which is the Project HVT (High Value Target), is a sustained anti-illegal drugs police
operation that includes buy-busts, service of search and arrests warrants, manhunts, raids, and
checkpoints against High Value and Street Level Targets involved in trafficking and selling of illicit
drugs.
Another important government initiative is the provision of financial and technical support for the
implementation of economically-viable and sustainable alternative development projects. This strengthens the
involvement of LGUs, community members, and other concerned agencies in alternative development project
implementation. With the aim of reducing and eliminating the illicit cultivation of marijuana, the DDB reaches
out by initiating project interventions and encouraging cultivators to engage in alternative livelihood.
The definition of the alternative development program has been expanded to benefit not only former marijuana
cultivators but also recovering drug dependents in urban areas.
Another major part of DDB’s plan is to strengthen the reporting mechanism to facilitate the monitoring and
evaluation of these alternative development programs supported by the Board through the years.
Regulatory Compliance
The Board continually update list of drugs for regulation and monitor drug abuse trends to determine the
possible inclusion of new drugs and substances.
Judicial and Legislative Measures
Measures consist of regular reprisal of the judiciary on recent Board regulations and the Comprehensive
Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002 or RA 9165. The Board also seek to foster and improve cooperation among
pillars of the criminal justice system such as the judiciary, prosecution and law enforcement.

Drug Demand Reduction

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Take people away from the lure of drug abuse through policy formulation, preventive education, research,
treatment, rehabilitation and reintegration; provision of alternative development programs and forging
cooperation with regional and international agencies and counterparts.
Policy Formulation
The Board issued several Board Regulations to respond to the current national drug abuse situation and
directives of President Rodrigo Duterte. (See more on Issuances)
Preventive Education and Capacity-building
The Philippines is adopting the International Standards on Drug Use Prevention which stipulates that prevention
initiatives should target the various developmental stages and settings.
The DDB has a range of educational programs and services designed to cater to the needs of every sector of
society. It has programs that engage the youth, address the needs of parents, and provide employers, educators,
health professionals, policymakers, and other sectors with information on the prevention and control of drug
use.

Research
Through its Policy Studies, Research and Statistics Division (PSRSD), the DDB conducts research and studies
to gather data and analyze trends in drug abuse and trafficking in the country.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
CY 2022
For 2022, a total of seventy (70) treatment and rehabilitation facilities reporting to the Treatment and
Rehabilitation Admission Information System (TRAIS). Of this, sixty-two (62) are residential and eight (8) are
outpatient.
Three thousand, eight hundred sixty-five (3,865) admissions were recorded from these reporting facilities. Of
these number, three thousand, three hundred forty-three (3,343) are new admissions, seventy-nine (79) are
readmitted or relapse cases and four hundred forty-three (443) are Outpatient.
Compared with the previous year’s cases, around forty-three percent (42.73%) increase in admission was noted
despite some facilities having reported no admissions. The rise in admission can be attributed to the resumption
of operation by the different rehabilitation centers and the seeming willingness of the Persons Who Use Drugs
(PWUDs) to undergo treatment and rehabilitation as evidenced by almost forty-one percent (40.78%) of
voluntary submission and twenty-nine percent (29.00%) cases who availed of plea bargaining.

Demographic profile
The center admissions consist of ninety percent (90.06%) males, nine percent (9.08%) females, and around one
percent (0.85%) LGBT. The male-to-female ratio is 10:1 with a computed mean of 33 years old and a median
age of 34. The youngest admission for the year under review is 13 , whilethe eldest is 72. The majority of the
admissions belong to the age group of 40 years old and above with thirty-one percent (31.23%) of the reported
cases.
Fifty-three percent (52.68%) are single and around twenty-four percent (23.91%) are married, those who have
live-in partners comprised nineteen percent (19.22%), and the rest, about four percent (4.19%) are either
widow/er, separated, divorced, or annulled.
As to educational attainment, almost a third (26.99%) have attained high school level. On the second spot are
those who have reached college with twenty percent (19.61%) followed by those who have graduated high
school at seventeen percent (17.44%).
The average monthly family income is around thirteen thousand pesos (Php 13,199.22).
Regarding the status of employment, those employed (either workers/employees or businessmen and self-
employed) comprised fifty-eight percent (58.40%) while unemployed thirty-seven percent (37.05%). Three
percent (3.49%) of the admission constitute students and almost one percent (0.88%) are out-of-school youth
while a few (0.18%) were pensioners.

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 About twenty-five percent (24.53%) of reported cases are residents of the National Capital Region while sixteen
percent (16.25%) are from Region III.
Considering the age at first drug use, forty-one percent (41.32%) belong to ages 15 to 19 years old. Nearly
thirty-nine percent (38.73%) admitted to having taken drugs two (2) to five (5) times a week while around
twenty-five percent (24.68%) used drugs monthly and twenty-one percent (20.62%) weekly.

Most Commonly Abused Drugs

Methamphetamine Hydrochloride or “Shabu” remains the leading drug of abuse, comprising ninety-two percent
(92.06%) of the total admission. This is followed by Cannabis (Marijuana) at twenty-seven percent (27.04%)
and followed distantly by MDMA or Ecstasy as the third drug of choice at less than one percent (0.65%).
Mono-drug use is still the nature of drug-taking; the administration routes are inhalation/sniffing and oral
ingestion.

“There is divine beauty in learning… To learn means to accept the postulate that life did not
begin at my birth. Others have been here before me, and I walk in their footsteps.”―Elie
Wiesel

**************************************END**********************************

Name of student: ______________________________ Year/Block:___________

Subject: Vice and Drug Education and Control
Pls. refer to your hand-outs
 Identify the unlawful acts and penalties from section 4 to section 19. Format are shown below with the
example.

REPUBLIC ACT 9165 ACT OF 2002

UNLAWFUL ACTS AND PENALTIES

PENALTY
SECTION TITLE UNLAWFUL ACTS
IMPOSED
 

Section 4

 What are the Components of the Anti-Drug Strategy

 Enumerate and explain the different Drug Rehabilitation Programs

Prepared by:
CCJE Instructors

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