ENERGY PROFILE

Sudan
COUNTRY INDICATORS AND SDGS
7.1.1 Access to electricity (% population)
GDP per capita 8.1.1 Real GDP growth rate 7.3.1 Energy intensity
7.1.2 Access to clean cooking (% population)
2% 5.0 4.9 7.2.1 Renewable energy (% TFEC)
4.8
1% 4.5 4.8 100%
4.0 4.7
0% 3.6

MJ/USD GDP 2017 PPP

4.6

USD'000s 2017 PPP

3.5 80%
-1%
-2.6% 3.0 4.5 62%
-2%
2.5 4.4 60% 63%
-3% 4.3
2.0
-4% 4.2 40%
1.5
-5% 1.0 4.1
-6% 0.5 4.0 20%

-7% 0.0 3.9

3.8 0% 0%
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

7.a.1 Public flows to renewables 7.b.1 Per capita renewable capacity 11.6.2 Air particulate matter (PM2.5)

250 42 Urban Average Rural WHO safe

42 30
200 41
22.6 22.4 22.7 21.9 21.4
41 25
USD millions 2019

39.8
40
150
W/ person

20
40 PM2.5 (μm/m3)
39 15
100
39
38 10
50 38
19 5 0.0
37
0.0 37 0
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

TOTAL ENERGY SUPPLY (TES)

Total Energy Supply (TES) 2015 2020 Total energy supply in 2020
Non-renewable (TJ) 269 747 273 537
Renewable (TJ) 231 830 246 034
Oil
Total (TJ) 501 576 519 571
Renewable share (%) 46 47 Gas
47%
Nuclear
52%
Growth in TES 2015-20 2019-20 Coal + others
Non-renewable (%) +1.4 -5.1 Renewables
Renewable (%) +6.1 -1.3
0%
Total (%) +3.6 -3.3

Renewable energy supply in 2020

Primary energy trade 2015 2020
Imports (TJ) 93 670 127 873 15%
0%
Exports (TJ) 45 576 8 606 Hydro/marine
Net trade (TJ) - 48 094 - 119 267 Wind

Imports (% of supply) 19 25 Solar

Exports (% of production) 10 2 Bioenergy
Energy self-sufficiency (%) 92 78 85%
Geothermal
 RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION (TFEC)

Renewable TFEC trend Renewable energy consumption in 2020

Electricity Commercial heat Bioenergy Geothermal Solar direct
279 285 281
300 262 267 274
13%
250
Petajoules (PJ)

200

150

100
87%
50

0
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 n.a.
18%
Consumption by sector 2015 2020 Industry
Industry (TJ) 57 701 51 305 47% Transport
Transport (TJ) 0 0 Households
Households (TJ) 87 815 96 301 Other
34%
Other (TJ) 116 815 133 308

ELECTRICITY CAPACITY

Installed capacity trend Renewable capacity in 2022

Non-renewable
Fossil fuels Nuclear 1 935 Other Non-RE 51
Renewable 1 871 Solar 49 Hydro/marine
Hydro/marine Wind 11%
Hydro/marine
Bioenergy Geothermal 1 482 39
Renewable share
Solar 190 5 10% Solar
4
Wind 3.7 0
3.8 3.8 100% 0
3.7 3.7
Bioenergy 199 5 Wind
4 3.3 3.4 3.4
Geothermal 0 0
Total 3 806 80%100 Bioenergy
3 79%
Capacity change (%) 2017-22 2021-22 Geothermal
Renewable share (%)

3
Gigawatts (GW)

Non-renewable + 7 60%0.0
Renewable + 20 + 3.0
2 49%
Hydro/marine + 12 0.0 Net capacity change (GW)
Solar
2 + 430 +40%
39.7 Fossil fuels Renewable
Wind 0 0.0 0 0.2
Bioenergy
1 0 0.0
Geothermal 0 20%0.0 0
Total1 + 13 + 1.4 0.1

0 0% 0
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
0.1
Net capacity change in 2022 (MW) 0 0.0
0.0 0.0
Non-renewable Hydro and marine 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0
0 0 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

Solar Wind Capacity utilisation in 2021 (%)

+ 54 0 Fossil fuels 39%

Bioenergy Geothermal Nuclear

Hydro/Marine 77%
0 0 Solar 2%
Wind
Bioenergy 6%
Geothermal

0 20 40 60 80 100
 ELECTRICITY GENERATION

Generation in 2021 GWh % Electricity generation trend

Non-renewable 6 576 39 Fossil fuels Nuclear Other Non-RE
Renewable 10 195 61 Hydro/marine Wind Solar
Hydro and marine 10 061 60 Bioenergy Geothermal Renewable share
Solar 28 0
18 17 17 100%
Wind 0 0 16
17
Bioenergy 107 1 15
16 15
Geothermal 0 0
80%
Total 16 771 100 14

Gigawatt-hours (GWh)

Renewable share (%)

Per capita electricity generation (kWh) 12
61% 60%
Total Renewable 10
500
8
400 40%
6
300
200 4 20%

100 2

0 0 0%
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

LATEST POLICIES, PROGRAMMES AND LEGISLATION

1

ENERGY AND EMISSIONS

Energy-related CO2 emissions by sector Elec. & heat generation CO2 emissions in

Elec. & heat Other Industrial Transport Other Buildings

-9% 0%
0%
25
Coal + others
Mt CO2 Emissions

20
5
15 Gas
Mt CO2
10

5 Oil
100%
0.0
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Avoided emissions from renewable elec. & heat CO2 emission factor for elec. & heat generation
Emitted CO2 RE Avoided CO2 SDN Africa World
18 4 000
16 3 500
14 3 000
Mt CO2 Emissions

12
tCO2 /GWh

2 500
10 ENERGY AND EMISSIONS
2 000
8
1 500
6
4 1 000
358 320
2 500
0.0 0.0
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Avoided emissions based on fossil fuel mix used for power Calculated by dividing power sector emissions by elec. + heat gen.
 RENEWABLE RESOURCE POTENTIAL
Distribution of solar potential Distribution of wind potential
World Sudan World Sudan
100% 100%

80% 80%

Proportion of land area

Proportion of land area

60% 60%

40% 40%

20% 20%

0% 0%
<1.2 1.2 - 1.4 1.4 - 1.6 1.6 - 1.8 1.8 - 1.9 1.9 - 2.0 >2.0 <260 260-420 420-560 560-670 670-820 820-1060 >1060

Annual generation per unit of installed PV capacity (MWh/kWp) Wind power density at 100m height (W/m2)

Biomass potential: net primary production Indicators of renewable resource potential

5 6
Solar PV: Solar resource potential has been divided into seven classes,
4 7 each representing a range of annual PV output per unit of capacity
(kWh/kWp/yr). The bar chart shows the proportion of a country's land area
in each of these classes and the global distribution of land area across the
3 8 classes (for comparison).
Onshore wind: Potential wind power density (W/m2) is shown in the seven
classes used by NREL, measured at a height of 100m. The bar chart shows
2 9 the distribution of the country's land area in each of these classes
compared to the global distribution of wind resources. Areas in the third
200 class or above are considered to be a good wind resource.
Biomass: Net primary production (NPP) is the amount of carbon fixed by
1 10 plants and accumulated as biomass each year. It is a basic measure of
0.5 biomass productivity. The chart shows the average NPP in the country
0 tC/ha/yr 11 (tC/ha/yr), compared to the global average NPP of 3-4 tonnes of carbon

= Global average of 3-4 tC/ha/yr

Sources: IRENA statistics, plus data from the following sources: UN SDG Database
(original sources: WHO; World Bank; IEA; IRENA; and UNSD); UN World Population
Prospects; UNSD Energy Balances; UN COMTRADE; World Bank World Development
Indicators; EDGAR; REN21 Global Status Report; IEA -IRENA Joint Policies and Measures
Database; IRENA Global Atlas; and World Bank Global Solar Atlas and Global Wind
Atlas.

Additional notes: Capacity per capita and public investments SDGs only apply to
developing areas. Energy self-sufficiency has been defined as total primary energy
production divided by total primary energy supply. Energy trade includes all
commodities in Chapter 27 of the Harmonised System (HS). Capacity utilisation is
calculated as annual generation divided by year-end capacity x 8,760h/year. Avoided
emissions from renewable power is calculated as renewable generation divided by fossil
fuel generation multiplied by reported emissions from the power sector. This assumes
that, if renewable power did not exist, fossil fuels would be used in its place to generate
the same amount of power and using the same mix of fossil fuels. In countries and years
where no fossil fuel generation occurs, an average fossil fuel emission factor has been
used to calculate the avoided emissions.

These profiles have been produced to provide an overview of developments in

IRENA Headquarters renewable energy in different countries and areas. The IRENA statistics team would
Masdar City welcome comments and feedback on its structure and content, which can be sent to
P.O. Box 236, Abu Dhabi statistics@irena.org.
United Arab Emirates Last updated on: 8th August, 2023
www.irena.org