Mark: /50

Year 10 Mathematics
Probability Test
(70 minutes)
Calculator permitted

Name: _____________________

Part 1 Multiple Choice Questions 10 marks

Circle the letter corresponding to the correct answer.

1. A letter is chosen at random from the word CEREMONY. The probability that the letter is an
E is:

1
A.
4
1
B.
7
2
C.
7
1
D.
8
1
E.
3

2. In a bag of red and green M&Ms there are p green M&Ms and q red M&Ms. The probability
of selecting a red M&M at random from the bag is:

q
A.
p−q
1
B.
q
p
C.
p+q
q
D.
p+q
p
E.
q
1
 3. An experiment involves tossing three biased coins and counting the number of heads. The results
after running the experiment 100 times are shown in the table below.
The experimental probability of obtaining at least 2 heads is:

A. 0.36
B. 0.29 Number of heads 0 1 2 3
C. 0.65 Frequency 15 20 29 36
D. 0.35
E. 0.49

4. The shaded (grey) region in the Venn diagram shown represents the region:

A. A only A B
B. A′
C. A∪ B
D. B′
E. A|B

5. Which of the following statements is always true for mutually exclusive events A and B?

A. Pr(A | B) = 1
B. Pr(A ∪ B) = 0
C. Pr(A) + Pr(B) = 1
D. Pr(A ∩ B) = 0
E. Pr(A′) = 0

Questions 6 relates to the following information. C H

The Venn diagram shown displays, for a class of Year 10
students, those that like comedy movies (C), those that 9 4 5
like horror movies (H) and those that like neither.
3

6. The probability that a randomly chosen student from the class likes horror movies but not
comedy movies is:

4
A.
21
5
B.
21
2
C.
9
5
D.
18
3
E.
7
2
7. The probability that a certain competitor in an archery competition hits the target is a where
0 < a < 1. The probability that the competitor does not hit the target is:

A. 1 + a
B. a – 1
1
C.
a
D. 1 – a
E. Not enough information to determine.

8. Two letters are chosen from the word HELLO without replacement. The probability of
selecting two Ls is:

A. 0.16
B. 0.1
C. 0.05
D. 0.2
E. 0.4

9. A music playlist has 6 pop songs and 4 jazz songs to choose from. Assuming the same song
can be played twice in a row, the probability of hearing two consecutive pop songs is:

1
A.
5
3
B.
5
1
C.
3
6
D.
25
9
E.
25

10. Given events A and B are independent and that Pr( A) = 0.7 and Pr( B) = 0.6 , then Pr(B | A) is:

A. 0.6
B. 0.3
C. 0.7
D. 0.42
E. 0.1

3
 Part 2 Short Answer Questions 25 marks
Show relevant working throughout.
1. From a group of 30 people surveyed, it is found that 8 enjoy snowboarding (B) and 10 enjoy
skiing (S), while 5 like both.

(a) Complete the following two-way table using this information.

B B′
S 5
S′
30

(b) State n(S only). (c) Find Pr(B′ ∩ S ′).

2 + 1 + 1 = 4 marks

2. Before boxes of chocolates are sent to the retailer they are inspected for damaged chocolates. The
following data was recorded from a sample of 80 boxes.

Number damaged 0–3 4–7 8 or more

Frequency 64 12 4

(a) Boxes are rejected if there are 4 or more damaged chocolates. Determine the probability that a
randomly selected box will be rejected.

(b) From this data, out of 400 boxes how many could be expected to have between 0 and 3
damaged chocolates?

1 + 2 = 3 marks

4
3. A four-sided blue die and a four-sided red die are rolled and their product (×) is written down.
(a) Complete the table to represent the outcomes of the product.

Blue Die
× 1 2 3 4
1

Red Die
2
3 3 6 9 12
4

(b) Find the probability of the dice faces (c) Find the probability of the dice faces
multiplying to an odd number. multiplying to an odd number, given that the
red die showed an odd number.

1 + 1 + 2 = 4 marks

4. Two events A and B are such that Pr(A) = 0.45, Pr(B) = 0.7 and Pr(A ∩ B) = 0.35. Find:
(a) Pr(A ∪ B) (b) Pr(A′ ∩ B′)

1 + 1 = 2 marks

5. (a) Shade the stated region on the following Venn diagrams.

i. A ∩ B ii. A′ ∪ B′

A B A B

(b) Hence, if Pr(A ∩ B) = 0.3, what is Pr(A′ ∪ B′)?

(1 + 1) + 1 = 3 marks
5
6. A box of donuts contains 4 strawberry-iced donuts and 2 chocolate-iced donuts. Two donuts are
selected, without looking, one after the other without replacement.
(a) Draw a tree diagram showing the selection of the two donuts and the associated probabilities
on the branches.

(b) Hence, determine the probability of selecting:

i. 2 strawberry-iced donuts ii. one of each flavour

2 + (1 + 2) = 5 marks

7. Milla is playing a board game involving dice.

(a) To finish the game on her next turn she needs a total of 11 or 12 from rolling two 6-sided dice.
What is the probability that she finishes the game on her next turn?

(b) Instead, on her next turn she is forced to pick up a card. The card reads “You must roll a 6 on
your turn before you can continue (using one die).”

i. What is the probability that she rolls a 6 on her first turn?

ii. What is the probability that she does not roll a 6 until her third turn?

1 + (1 + 2) = 4 marks
6
 Part 3 Extended Response Questions 15 marks

Planning is under way for the upcoming Community Day Fair.

1. At last year’s Fair, a number of people were surveyed as to whether or not they purchased hot
chips (C) or a drink (D) at the Fair. The survey data is summarised in the Venn diagram below.

C D

6 8 10

12

(a) Use the Venn diagram to determine:

i. Pr(D) ii. Pr(D | C)

1 + 2 = 3 marks

(b) Based on the data provided, are the events D and C independent? Why/why not? Give a
mathematical reason.

2 marks

Please turn over for the next question

7
2. A number of games are also being planned for the Fair.
(a) One of the games involves a lucky dip for young children where there are three buckets to
choose from containing a mixture of yo-yos (Y) and stress balls (S) (they are in the same size
packaging so that you can’t tell them apart).
In bucket A there are 2 yo-yos and 3 stress balls. Bucket B contains 7 stress balls and no yo-yos.
Bucket C contains 5 yo-yos and 5 stress balls.
A young girl randomly chooses a bucket and then randomly chooses a toy from that bucket.
i. What is the probability that she chose bucket A?

1 mark
ii. Complete the tree diagram below, showing the selection of a bucket and the selection of a toy,
by labelling each branch with its associated probability.
Y
A
S
Y
B
S

Y
C
S
2 marks
iii. What is the probability that she selected a yo-yo (from any bucket)?

2 marks
It turns out the young girl did select a yo-yo.
iv. Given this knowledge, what is the probability the yo-yo came from bucket A?

2 marks

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(b) Another game involves tossing a coin three times. The coin is weighted such that the probability
of obtaining tails from a toss of the coin is 0.4.
To win a prize in the game you have to obtain three tails from the three coins.
i. What is the probability of obtaining three tails from the three coins?

1 mark

ii. Based on your answer to part (b) i., what is the expected number of wins from 30 games (round
to the nearest whole number)?

2 marks

END OF TEST