✗ i. .

-
✗n É Fo

sample mean :
I =

In ,§
,
✗i

# ¥
sample variance : I =
(✗ i -

x-P
,

/
Ecxi ) = u

-
E- (E) = µ

↳ population mean

-
var CI)=
'
→
population variance

simple Random sample

SRSWR SRSWOR

ECI ) =ll E( F) = U

✓ (E) = r2 VCI) = v2 N -
n

T T NI

Tfi nite populn

correction factor

A
✗ & Y are independent covcxiy ) =o
Tar ( ¥?ai×i)=¥a? varcxi ) + II. aiajcovcxi ,✗j )
iIj

✓ Linear distributed RV 's

combination of normally
are also
normally distributed . ( All normals ,
not
necessarily
iid)

1- =
aixi
in

✗ in NCU ,r2)

1- ~ N
( UE ai
,
oiszai
)
Linear combn too
/ ,
In NCU
,r÷ )
all i
ai =
; for

✓ '

distribution
y
✗
in NCO , 1)

1- = I ✗i

ECT)

Var
=

CT)=zn
n

} for T~y2n
-
student 's t -

diotn

1- =
;
✗ uncoil)
; y~✗2
e
En Independent

ECT ) = 0
; for n > 1
,

undefined 01W

CT)=

{
for
÷z
var n >2
;

£2
as ; for Isn

undefined ; ne '

Truth

F- diotn

F=✗/p_ ; ✗ ~✗F ; y~Ñq

Ylq
↳
cpq) d. f 's

Fq ,p
f-
~
 E- (F)
for
=
972
qq.gg
;

var (F) =
2.q^(ptq-2)- ; for q
> 4

p Cq -2) ? Cq 4) -

-
d
✗, . - - in Nfl ,r2)

•• I ~ NCU , ryn )

✗ 2-1
(n-1÷s2
•• ~ → EC ) = n -
l

✓ "

yi
( EE )
)
-
n ~

square of standard normal is obviously a

yid with 1
df .

-
eim
nscs
P{ lxñ -
ul > e
} → o

-
PC / ✗ -

ill > t ) £ varcx)

✗ Ka mean is it

& variance in vara)

-
✗ in Fo

In =
1 I
in
✗
i. 1

Then

X-n-tl-ap~px.NO a)
rlrn

-
In standard take variance
error
Always as
=
r
,

of population .

!ÉA_ay
÷ &
Everytime ! !
eg .
Even for SE of sample mean take variance as

oh ,
not var CI) .