THE

ENVIRONMENTAL
MOVEMENT
BY ABISOLA, PRISCILLA, AND OSCAR
GROUP 7
APUSH-MX.DENNEY
 WARM UP
SCAN THE QR CODE BELOW TO
ANSWER A FEW QUESTIONS
BEFORE WE START.
 1972: The Clean Water
1962: The publication of
Rachel Carson's book
"Silent Spring" brings
TIMELINE
1971: Greenpeace, an
Act is passed in the
United States, setting
1974: The United States
passes the Safe
1970: The first Earth Day is water quality Drinking Water Act,
attention to the international
celebrated on April 22, standards, regulating establishing standards
detrimental effects of environmental
bringing millions of people pollutant discharges, for drinking water
pesticides, sparking a organization focused on
together to raise awareness and funding quality and ensuring
widespread
about environmental issues conservation and peace, is wastewater treatment its protection.
environmental
and advocate for change. founded in Vancouver, plants.
movement.
Canada.

1962 1970 1971 1972 1974

1964 1970 1972 1973

1964: The Wilderness
Act is signed into law
in the United States,
establishing the
National Wilderness
Preservation System
to protect
undeveloped and
pristine areas.
1970: The United States
Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA)
is established,
consolidating federal
environmental research,
monitoring, and
enforcement efforts.
1972: The United Nations
1973: The Endangered
holds the Stockholm
Species Act is signed into
Conference on the
law in the United States,
Human Environment,
providing protection to
which leads to the
threatened and endangered
establishment of the
species and their habitats.
United Nations
Environment
Programme (UNEP).
 TIMELINE

THESE EVENTS REPRESENT SIGNIFICANT

MILESTONES IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL
MOVEMENT DURING THE 1960S AND 1970S,
MARKING A GROWING GLOBAL AWARENESS OF
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND THE NEED FOR
CONSERVATION AND REGULATION.
 context of the
movement
"SILENT SPRING" BY RACHEL CARSON -
OVERUSE OF PESTICIDES. DURING THE 1960S,
THE US HAD NO STRONG AIR QUALITY
STANDARDS, AND EMISSIONS OF AUTOMOBILES
POLLUTED THE AIR. THE MOVEMENT AROSE
FROM CONCERNS IN THE LATE 19TH CENTURY
ABOUT THE PROTECTION OF THE COUNTRYSIDE
IN EUROPE AND THE WILDERNESS IN THE
UNITED STATES AND THE HEALTH
CONSEQUENCES OF POLLUTION DURING THE
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION.
 different goals of
the movement
REDUCE POLLUTION, CONSERVE
NATURAL RESOURCES, AND PREVENT
ENDANGERED SPECIES FROM
BECOMING EXTINCT.
ADDRESSED ENVIRONMENTAL
THREATS CAUSED BY THE DISPOSAL
OF TOXIC WASTES.
CHANGED GOVERNMENT POLICY
AND PROMOTED ENVIRONMENTAL
VALUES.
CHANGING GOVERNMENT POLICY
THROUGH:
CAMPAIGNS IN TASMANIA TO
BLOCK THE FLOODING OF LAKE
PEDDER.
PROTESTS IN THE UNITED STATES
AND WESTERN EUROPE AGAINST
NUCLEAR POWER DEVELOPMENT.
PROTESTS AGAINST
DEFORESTATION IN INDONESIA.
 Major organizations,
leaders, & tactics of the
movement TACTICS
-
20 MILLION PEOPLE PROTESTED ON
ORGANIZATIONS APRIL 22, 1970.
SOME OF THE MAIN KEPT PRESSURING CONGRESS TO
ORGANIZATIONS INVOLVED PROMOTE CLEANER AIR AND WATER.
DURING THIS TIME INCLUDED: USED THE SAME TACTICS AS THE
CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT LIKE
WWF-US MARCHES, PETITIONS, AND RALLIES.

ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENCE FUND

LEADERS
FRIENDS OF THE EARTH RACHEL CARSON - LED THE
ENVIRONMENTAL MOVEMENT USING HER
NATURAL RESOURCES DEFENCE BOOK "SILENT SPRING"
COUNCIL JOHN MUIR
HENRY DAVID THOREAU
OUTCOMES OF THE
MOVEMENT
 Increased Environmental
Awareness
THE ENVIRONMENTAL MOVEMENT OF
THIS PERIOD HELPED RAISE PUBLIC
AWARENESS ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE
OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION.
THROUGH PUBLICATIONS LIKE RACHEL
CARSON'S "SILENT SPRING" AND THE
CELEBRATION OF EARTH DAY, PEOPLE
BECAME MORE CONSCIOUS OF THE
IMPACTS OF POLLUTION AND THE NEED
FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION.
 Establishment of
Environmental Legislation
THE MOVEMENT LED TO THE CREATION
AND STRENGTHENING OF
ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION.
SIGNIFICANT LAWS, SUCH AS THE
CLEAN WATER ACT, THE ENDANGERED
SPECIES ACT, AND THE SAFE DRINKING
WATER ACT IN THE UNITED STATES,
WERE ENACTED TO REGULATE
POLLUTION, PROTECT SPECIES AND
HABITATS, AND ENSURE THE QUALITY
OF DRINKING WATER.
 Formation of Environmental
Organizations
SEVERAL ENVIRONMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
EMERGED DURING THIS TIME, AIMING TO
ADVOCATE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CAUSES.
GREENPEACE, FOUNDED IN 1971, BECAME A
PROMINENT GLOBAL ORGANIZATION
FOCUSED ON CONSERVATION AND
PEACEFUL ACTIVISM. THESE
ORGANIZATIONS PLAYED A CRUCIAL ROLE
IN FURTHERING ENVIRONMENTAL
AWARENESS AND PRESSURING
GOVERNMENTS TO TAKE ACTION.
 Focus on Conservation &
Preservation
THE ENVIRONMENTAL MOVEMENT OF
THE 1960S AND 1970S EMPHASIZED THE
IMPORTANCE OF CONSERVING NATURAL
RESOURCES AND PRESERVING NATURAL
AREAS. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE
WILDERNESS ACT AND THE NATIONAL
WILDERNESS PRESERVATION SYSTEM
IN THE UNITED STATES REFLECTED
THIS GROWING EMPHASIS ON
PROTECTING UNDEVELOPED AND
PRISTINE AREAS FROM HUMAN
ENCROACHMENT.
 International Cooperation
& Awareness
THE MOVEMENT FOSTERED
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION ON
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES. THE UNITED
NATIONS' STOCKHOLM CONFERENCE ON
THE HUMAN ENVIRONMENT IN 1972
RESULTED IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE
UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT
PROGRAMME (UNEP), PROMOTING GLOBAL
ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS AND
ENCOURAGING COUNTRIES TO ADDRESS
ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES
COLLECTIVELY.
 THESE OUTCOMES MARK SIGNIFICANT PROGRESS IN
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSCIOUSNESS, LEGISLATION, AND
INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION DURING THE 1960S
AND 1970S. THEY SET THE STAGE FOR FURTHER
ENVIRONMENTAL INITIATIVES AND PAVED THE WAY
FOR FUTURE ENVIRONMENTAL MOVEMENTS AND
POLICIES.
 Work Cited
ELLIOTT, LORRAINE. “ENVIRONMENTALISM - HISTORY OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL
MOVEMENT.” ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA, 2019,
WWW.BRITANNICA.COM/TOPIC/ENVIRONMENTALISM/HISTORY-OF-THE-ENVIRONMENTAL-
MOVEMENT. ACCESSED 1 JUNE 2023.
“THE MODERN ENVIRONMENTAL MOVEMENT | AMERICAN EXPERIENCE | PBS.” AMERICAN
EXPERIENCE, HTTPS://WWW.PBS.ORG/WGBH/AMERICANEXPERIENCE/FEATURES/EARTH-
DAYS-MODERN-ENVIRONMENTAL-MOVEMENT. ACCESSED 1 JUNE 2023.
GEARY, DANIEL. “ENVIRONMENTAL MOVEMENT | ENCYCLOPEDIA.COM.”
ENCYCLOPEDIA.COM, 18 MAY 2018, WWW.ENCYCLOPEDIA.COM/EARTH-AND-
ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY-AND-ENVIRONMENTALISM/ENVIRONMENTAL-
STUDIES/ENVIRONMENTAL-MOVEMENT. ACCESSED 1 JUNE 2023.
 THANK YOU

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