Understanding

Solid Figures
 Lesson 1:
Visualizing and Describing the
Different Solid Figures

Geometry is all around us. Anything with

physical characteristic is geometrically
formed. Geometry is a branch of Mathematics
that studies the sizes, shapes, positions,
angles and dimension of things.
 Polygon
A polygon is a simple closed figure formed by union of line
segments. The segments forming a polygon are called
sides. The point where two sides meet is called vertex.

side vertex
vertex

leg side

side side
 Solid Figures

width (w)

length (l)
height (h)

Three-dimensional:
Length, width, and height (depth).
 Parts of a Solid Figure
• Edges
 Parts of a Solid Figure
• Edges
• Vertices
 Parts of a Solid Figure
• Edges
• Vertices
• Faces
 Parts of a Solid Figure
• Edges
• Vertices
• Faces
• Lateral Faces
(green)
 Parts of a Solid Figure
• Edges
• Vertices
• Faces
• Lateral Faces
(green)
• Bases (blue)
 Cube

vertex
Cube

A solid figure with 6 congruent

faces. It has 6 faces, 12 edges
and 8 vertices.
length
 Prisms
Solid figures that have parallel faces that have the same
shape. These faces of its sides are parallelograms.

vertex Rectangular
Triangular Prism face
Prism
faces vertex

edge

A triangular prism has 5 faces, 9

A rectangular prism has 6 faces,
edges, and 6 vertices.
12 edges, and 8 vertices.
 Pyramid
A solid figure made up of base and triangular faces. These
faces meet at a common point called the vertex. The
vertex is also called the apex of the pyramid. The edges
that meet at the vertex are called lateral edges.
Regular pyramid – a pyramid with a regular base and with
lateral edges of equal length.
apex
lateral faces

base
base base

Triangular Pyramid Square Pyramid Pentagonal Pyramid

 Cylinder
A solid figure that has two circles and a curved lateral
face.

curved surface

circular base
 Cone
A solid figure that has a circular flat base and a curved
face pointed towards the top. The pointed top end of
the cone is called the apex.

vertex

circular base
 Sphere
A solid figure in which all points are equal distance from
a point called its center and these points form a curved
surface as well.

center
Practice #1: Choose the correct word from the box to
complete the sentence.
apex curved cylinder edge length
triangular
polyhedron solid figure sphere vertex
pyramid
1) A figure that has three dimensions is called _______.
2) Prisms and pyramids have polygonal faces that is why they are also called ____.
3) Cylinder, cone, and sphere are other solid figures that have ____ faces.
4) The solid figure that has two circular base and a curved lateral face is called
____.
5) A cone has a curved face that tapers toward topmost called the ____.
6) A figure which all points are of equal distance from the center and these points
form a curved surface is called _________.
7) A figure that has 3 triangular faces and a triangular base is called _____.
8) The line segment formed when two faces of a polygon meet is called _____.
9) The endpoint of an edge is called _______.
 Lesson 2:
Differentiating Solid Figures
from Plane Figures

All the things that we see around us are

associated with shapes. And the way we name a
person in order to differentiate them from the
others, we also need to learn the terms that we will
be using in order to differentiate the plane and
solid figures around us.
 Plane Figure
Plane figure – a geometric figure that is flat whose points
lie on the same surface. It has no thickness, only length
and width that it is why it is called two-dimensional shape.
It can be composed of a straight line, curved line, or both
straight and curved lines
 Types of Plane Figures
Open Figure Closed Figure
Open figure has at Open figure has no
least one endpoint, and one break. The line segments or
side is not connected to the curves are continuous
rest. forming a closed shape. A
Examples: line segments, closed figure has an area
curves, angles and perimeter.
 Types of Plane Figures
Polygonal Plane Figures Non-polygonal Plane
Closed figures formed Figures
by line segments. Plane figures that have
Examples: curved sides/edges.
Examples:
 Solid Figures
Solid Figure – A closed figure that has three dimensions,
the length, width and height.
Solid Figures with Straight Faces Solid Figures with Curved Faces

The solid figures above have sides called

faces. When these faces meet and form
a line segment, it’s called edges. And The solid figures with curved faces have
each endpoint of an edge is called a no edges.
vertex. These are prisms, cube and
pyramids.
 Plane Figures Solid Figures
• Two-dimensional shape • Three-dimensional shape

• Flat • Thickness and depth

• Has length and width • Has length, width and

height
 Practice #2
Direction: Write Plane if it is a plane figure and write Solid if
it is a solid figure.

_____ 1. shoebox _____ 6. wall sticker

_____ 2. floor tiles _____ 7. basketball court
_____ 3. ball _____ 8. kite
_____ 4. wheel _____ 9. drinking glass
_____ 5. playing card _____ 10. TV screen
 Lesson 3:
Identifying the Face of a Solid Figure

A solid figure can be defined by the number

and combination of its faces, edges, vertices.
 Nets
When a three-dimensional figure is laid out flat and the
faces are all shown, we can see a pattern and that is the
net of the solid figure. The net can be folded to form the
solid shape.
 Net of a Cube

vertex

face

edge

six squares
Net of a Rectangular Prism

face

edge vertex six rectangles

Net of a Rectangular Prism

vertex

faces

edge

three rectangles and

two triangles
 Net of a Rectangular Pyramid

vertex
face

lateral edge

base
one rectangular base and
four triangular faces
 Net of a Square Pyramid

vertex

face
lateral edge

base

one square base and four

triangular faces
 Net of a Triangular Pyramid

vertex

face

base
one triangular base and
three triangular faces
Net of a Cylinder

curved surface

two circular bases and one

lateral face
Net of a Cone

lateral surface

circular base
Net of a Sphere

ellipses
 Practice #3
Directions: Identify what solid figure is formed by the
following nets.