If Clause (Condition)

If you subscribe to the channel,

Main Clause (Result)

you will reach your fluency goals.
Used to talk about general truths

Condition Result
(present simple) (present simple)

If you touch fire, you get burned.

If I drink coffee at night, I can’t sleep.

Meet me here if we get separated.

 Used to talk about a possible or
likely situation in the future

Condition Result
(present simple) (future)

If we work hard, we will finish on time.

If you build it, they will come.

The ship will sink, if we don’t fix the hole.

Used to talk about a hypothetical
or unlikely situation

Condition Result
(past simple) (would + verb)

If I were you, I would hit the LIKE button.

If I were a boy, I would listen to her.

I would buy a new car if I won the lottery.

 Used to talk about an imaginary
or unreal situation in the past

Condition Result
(past perfect) (would have +
past participle)

If I had studied, I would have passed the exam.

If I had known, I would have told you.

He would have come if you had invited him.

Mixed Conditionals
are a combination of two
types of conditional patterns,
usually second and third
conditionals.
Used to talk about an unreal past condition
and its probable result in the present

Past Condition Present Result

(past perfect) (would + verb)

If you had checked the map (when we stopped

for gas), we would not be lost (right now).
Checked Map Not Lost

stopped for gas

Unreal Past Condition Present Result

Used to talk about an unreal past condition
and its probable result in the present

Past Condition Present Result

(past perfect) (would + verb)

If you had taken the train, you would be here.

If he had eaten dinner, he wouldn’t be hungry.

I would have a new car if I had won the lottery.

Used to talk about an unreal past condition
and its probable result in the present

Past Condition Present Result

(past perfect) (would + verb)

You wouldn’t feel sick

(medicine)
________________
Used to talk about an unreal past condition
and its probable result in the present

Past Condition Present Result

(past perfect) (would + verb)

You wouldn’t feel sick

if you had taken ( your ) medicine.
the
Used to talk about an unreal past condition
and its probable result in the future

Past Condition Future Result

(past perfect) (would + be +
verb-ing)

If I had taken the job, I’d be moving to New

York next month.

(Making the
Took Job Statement) Move to New York

Unreal Past Condition Present Future Result

Used to talk about an unreal past condition and
its probable result in the present or future

Present/Future
Past Condition
(past perfect)
Result
(would + be + verb-ing)
Present Result
If I had finished high school, I would be a
college student now.

Present/Future Result
If she had said, “yes,” I would be getting
married (right now/next week).

**Use the continuous tense with action verbs, not stative verbs.
Used to talk about a hypothetical situation and
its probable (but unreal) past result

Hypothetical Past Unreal Result

Condition (would have + past
(past simple) participle)

If I were afraid of snakes, I would not have gone camping.

Hypothetical Condition
Afraid of Snakes
(Making the
Not Gone Camping Statement)

Unreal Past Result Present

Used to talk about a hypothetical situation and
its probable (but unreal) past result

Hypothetical Past Unreal Result

Condition (would have + past
(past simple) participle)

If she weren’t injured, she would have played.

If they were slackers, they wouldn’t have finished

the project.

I would have answered the phone if I wasn’t in

an important meeting.
Used to talk about a hypothetical situation and
its probable (but unreal) past result

Hypothetical Past Unreal Result

Condition (would have + past
(past simple) participle)

(so busy)
_____________, I would have
gone with you to the movie.
Used to talk about a hypothetical situation and
its probable (but unreal) past result

Hypothetical Past Unreal Result

Condition (would have + past
(past simple) participle)

If I wasn’t so busy, I would have

gone with you to the movie.
Used to talk about a hypothetical future situation
and its probable (but unreal) past result

Hypothetical Past Unreal Result

Condition in the (would have + past
Future participle)
(past continuous)
If my friend wasn’t preparing a big dinner for tonight,
I would have cooked something for myself.
Hypothetical Future Condition

Cooked Something Not Preparing Dinner

Unreal Past Result Present

 Used to talk about a hypothetical future situation
and its probable (but unreal) past result

Hypothetical Past Unreal Result

Condition in (would have + past
Present/Future participle)
(past simple / past continuous)
Hypothetical Condition in the Present
If she wasn't afraid of flying, she wouldn't have
travelled by train.

Hypothetical Condition in the Future

If my parents weren't coming this weekend, I would
have planned something special.

**Use the continuous tense with action verbs, not stative verbs.
Quiz
Mixed Conditional Quiz
SITUATION

He did not take care of

himself. Therefore, he is
sick right now.
Mixed Conditional Quiz
MIXED CONDITIONAL
(past condition + present result)

If he had taken care of

himself, he would not be
sick right now.
You were a jerk. Therefore, they did not invite
you to the party.
Mixed Conditional Quiz
SITUATION

I do not trust him.

Therefore, I did not hire
him for the job.
Mixed Conditional Quiz
MIXED CONDITIONAL
(hypothetical condition + past unreal result)

If I trusted him, I would

have hired him for the job.
I do not trust him. Therefore, I did not hire
him for the job.
Mixed Conditional Quiz
SITUATION

He will not go to Mexico

with us next month because
he wasted his bonus
gambling in Las Vegas.
Mixed Conditional Quiz
MIXED CONDITIONAL
(past condition + future result)

If he hadn't wasted his bonus

gambling in Las Vegas, he
would be going to Mexico with
us next month.
He will not go to Mexico with us next month
because he wasted his bonus gambling in Las Vegas.
Mixed Conditional Quiz
SITUATION

I am not going on a
business trip next week.
Therefore, I accepted a new
assignment at work.
Mixed Conditional Quiz
MIXED CONDITIONAL
(hypothetical future condition + past unreal result)

If I were going on a business

trip next week, I would not
have accepted a new
assignment at work.
I am not going on a business trip next week.
Therefore, I accepted a new assignment at work.
Well done.