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Grade 07
MIND MAP
Bases
Acids,
Bases and
Salts
Neutralisation
Salts
Examples of
neutralisation in
everyday life
1. Acids and Bases
1.1 Acids
Vinegar
Spinach
Curd
Orange
Apple
Gooseberry
Grapes Tamarind
Lemon
Acidic substances
Acid Rain
• The rain containing excess of acids is called acid
rain. This is caused as the carbon dioxide, sulphur
dioxide and nitrogen dioxide (which are released
into the air as pollutants) dissolve in rain drops to
form carbonic acid, sulphuric acid and nitric acid
respectively.
• Acid rain can cause damage to buildings,
historical monuments, plants and animals.
1. Acids and Bases
1.2 Bases
Toothpaste Window
cleaner Antacid
Baking soda
Liquid soap Washing powder
Basic substances
Acids Bases
Acids Bases
Acids Bases
Acids
Yellow remains
unchanged
Turmeric
Yellow → Red
Bases
2. Indicators
Acids
China rose
Red → Green
Bases
2. Indicators
Acids
Remains
colourless
Phenolphthalein
Colourless →
Bases pink
2. Indicators
Acids
Orange → Red
Methyl orange
Orange → yellow
Bases
Example:
Hydrochloric Sodium Sodium Water
acid hydroxide chloride
+ → +
(Acid) (Base) (Salt)
3.1 Salts
Common antacid:
Magnesium Hydroxide
Magnesium
+ Hydrochloric → Magnesium + Water
hydroxide acid chloride
(Base) (Acid) (Salt)
3. Neutralisation
Neutralise Neutralise
with basic with acidic
substances substances
Quicklime Compost
Important Questions
2 Marks
2 Marks
3 Marks
2 Marks
2 Marks
3 Marks
• Hydrochloric acid is an acid in our stomach
which helps in digestion. [1 Mark]
• Too much of acid in the stomach causes
acidity.
[1 Mark]
• To relieve acidity, we can consume an
antacid such as milk of magnesia, which
contains magnesium hydroxide. It neutralises
the effect of excess acid as it is basic in
nature. [1 Mark]
2 Marks