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752 Go 0 GB
BaseMenu
Valid for:
Esa/Gv s.r.l.
15 via Zamboni, CP 43
41011 Campogalliano Modena Italy
tel. +39 059 851414 - fax +39 059 851313
http://www.esagv.it - E-mail: info@esagv.it
Restrictions Duplication, transmission and use of this document or its contents shall be considered
prohitibed unless prior authorization has been received from Esa/Gv. All rights are
reserved.
Even when authorized, modification of this document (either by computer or on paper)
voids the guarantees specified below.
Guarantees The product may offer performances that are not described in these manuals. Esa/Gv
shall neither be obliged to maintain these functions in new versions of the product nor
to guarantee the relative assistance.
Checks have been carried out in order to ensure that the contents of these manuals
correspond to the documented product. Despite this fact, there may be discrepancies.
Esa/Gv therefore offers no guarantees as to the full compliance and completeness of the
texts.
The information in this document is periodically revised and new editions are issued
when necessary.
This manual has been compiled in partial compliance with ANSI/IEEE std 1063-1987
“IEEE Standard for software User Documentation”.
Editions This document is liable to be modified without prior notice. These modifications may
involve further editions or revisions of the document.
Further editions imply complete substitution of the document.
Revision involves replacement/addition/elimination of pages of the document.
Each page is identified by the code of the document at the bottom.
Notes
MS-DOS® Trademark registered by Microsoft Corporation.
ii 91752.GO.0.GB Esa/Gv
The chronological list of editions of this document is given in the following table:
Modifications
Release Chapters - Pages Description
Operator's Guide
Esa/Gv 91752.GO.0.GB i
Operator's Guide GO
ii 91752.GO.0.GB Esa/Gv
GOOperator's Guide
END OF SUMMARY
iv 91752.GO.0.GB Esa/Gv
GO Notes for the reader
General information The information in this manual only applies to the software versions indicated on the
frontispiece.
Not all the available functions may be described in this manual. In these cases, Esa/Gv
shall be obliged to neither guarantee these functions nor include them in future
versions.
Purpose The purpose of this document is to help the operator when using the product described
on the frontispiece.
Use of the document The document is divided into chapters that describe a well defined function of the
operator interface.
Notification of Please contact Esa/Gv if any difficulties should arise when this manual is used.
difficulties
Esa/Gv 91752.GO.0.GB i
Notes for the reader GO
Graphic symbols may appear beside the text. These are used to emphasize information
of particular importance.
Attention
This symbol is used when failure to take the appropriate precautions could cause
slight damage to persons and property.
Danger
This symbol appears when failure to take the appropriate precautions or
accomplishment of incorrect manoeuvres could cause serious damage to persons
and/or property.
Important
This symbol appears in the manual to indicate information of particular importance. It
is essential to read these sections in order to fully understand the manual.
Option
This symbol indicates sections of the manual that describe optional functions or parts.
Use of optional performances must be established with the machine manufacturer.
Manufacturer
This symbol indicates those sections of the manual reserved to the machine
manufacturer.
Password
This symbol indicates sections of the manual that describe functions access to which is
safeguarded by software passwords.
CN
This symbol indicates sections of the manual that describe functions only available in
CN and not in the PC.
PC
This symbol indicates sections of the manual that describe functions only available in
the PC and not in CN.
ii 91752.GO.0.GB Esa/Gv
GO Notes for the reader
Printer’s conventions
Particular printer’s conventions are used to make it easier to identify the information in
this manual. These conventions are illustrated below.
Glossary
END OF PREFACE
iv 91752.GO.0.GB Esa/Gv
GO General Description
1 General Description
BaseMenu is a tool that, amongst other things, allows you to test the operation of the
NC, enter the parameters and update the CNC files.
The functions it carried out, which are described in this manual, are dedicated to those
who develop automations with Kvara systems or to technicians providing assistance for
customers.
ù #1: contains information about the machine status or operating status of the CNC
(e.g. BASIC MENU when the machine is powered, CHANNEL MONITOR in
the channel monitor menu, etc.).
ù #2: formed by three lines containing the messages and alarms. The position
(meaning line number) and colour describe the type of message displayed:
− the first line displays the physical emergencies;
− the second line displays the general alarms;
− the third line displays the PLC messages or PLC alarms.
ù #3: contains symbols (or icons). The icons, if visible, have the following meanings:
− key: indicates that a password has been entered;
− disk drive: indicates that the floppy disk drive is operating;
− reference: indicates that the sizing cycle has been executed.
ù #4: used to display information, for data entry and for other functions that allow
the machine to be used.
ù #5: this consists of eight + two graphic keys (boxes) that describe the function
associated at that moment, with the function keys. White graphic keys indicate that
the corresponding function keys are not used by the current session;
The two end keys have fixed functions. The one on the left shuts down the current
mask while the one on the right activates a menu from which the system functions
can be selected.
The remaining function keys, if pressed, activate the functions to which the text
refers.
End of Chapter
2 System functions
2.1 Introduction
Press the [Menu] key to activate the system menu for access to all the general functions
of the machine. The system menu is can be activated from any software mask selected.
The window accessed consists of several lines, each of which described an alarm. The
following information is given:
Date and time of Give the date and time at which the alarm activated. The
activation date format is “day-month-year” and the time format is
“hours-minutes-seconds”. If the date is preceded by the
‘*’ character, this means that the alarm is activated at that
moment.
Associated code number This consists of five figures. It represents the numeric
code of the alarm.
Full description Gives the nature of the alarm in more detail.
All the alarms activated during the last 30 days are displayed. Older alarms are
eliminated from the memory and can no longer be displayed in this mask.
If the mask is completely filled with information about the alarms, use the [PgUp] and
[PgDn] keys to display any information that does not appear.
Alarm updating Press [Cancel] to cancel any no longer activated alarms (without an asterisk). Press
[Update] to update the alarms status and add any others that may have activated in the
meantime.
PLC message display This mask can also display messages activated by the PLC that are not alarms and that
are not mixed with the alarms for this reason.
Press [Alarms/Messages] to switch to the PLC message display. Press this key again to
go back to the alarms display.
How to save alarms To save the alarm status in a file, press [Save Alarms], specify a file name and then
on disk press [ENTER] on a level with the dialogue window in order to save the displayed file.
This function is of particular use since it allows the manufacturer’s after-sales service
staff or the retailer of the machine to diagnose faults.
The saved file can be sent to the after-sales service center where the technicians can
examine it and come up with a solution to any problems that may occur during use of
the machine.
2.2.2 User ID
The window where the password is entered or cancelled can be activated from the
system menu by selecting the User ID item and pressing [ENTER].
The CNC is able to carry out all the functions required to operate the machine without
requiring any password. Password entry enables certain functions that require specific
knowledge of the CNC and/or the machine.
Password entry Digitize the password in the window displayed and press [ENTER].
Password entry is confirmed by the key symbol that appears in the top right-hand part
of the screen.
How to annul the Press the [Clear password] button in the password entry window.
password
The key symbol will disappear from the top right-hand part of the screen to confirm
that the password has been annulled.
2.2.3 Calculator
To activate the calculator, select the Calculator item from the system menu and press
[ENTER].
The calculator is shown in the following figure:
The calculator is divided into three zones (as are all normal calculators):
ù the display
ù the functions
ù the basic operators and numbers
The display The display can contain up to 15 characters. The M character can also appear on the
left to indicate that the memory contains a value and the symbol of the operation set
up.
Function Description
Tan Calculates the tangent of the value set on the display
Pi Enters the p (pi) value on the display
Pow2 Squares the value set on the display
1/x Calculates the reciprocal of the value set on the display
Mem RC Recalls the value from the memory and enters it on the display.
A second pressure cancels the value from the memory.
Sin Calculates the sine of the value set on the display
Cos Calculates the cosine of the value set on the display
Sqrt Calculates the square root of the value set on the display
Neg Changes the sign of the value set on the display
Mem+ Adds the value set on the display to the memory
The basic operators Besides the numeric keys, the basic operators are to be found in the lower part of the
and numbers calculator:
Function Description
+ Sets up the addition operator
* Sets up the multiplication operator
- Sets up the subtraction operator
/ Sets up the division operator
Del Cancels the value from the display
( Increases the open brackets level (the open brackets level appears in the
lower left part of the display)
) Decreases the open brackets level (the open brackets level appears in
the lower left part of the display)
= Calculates the result of the operation set.
During normal use of the CNC, when file opening and saving operations are carried
out, the CNC dialogues with the operator in windows called Open/Save dialogue
windows.
The various types of dialogue window respond to the standard Windows ™ commands:
File selection Two methods can be used to select the files to Open/Save:
ù ↓] [↑
Select the file required with the [↓ ↑] [←
←] [→
→] keys and press [ENTER];
ù Press [TAB] until you reach the entry field and digitize the name. If one or more
characters must be cancelled during the digitizing phase, position the cursor with
←] and [→
the [← →] keys:
− to the right of the character to be cancelled, then press [BACKSPACE], or
− to the left of the character to be cancelled, then press [DEL].
Open or Save Proceed in one of the following ways to confirm the opening or saving action:
ù press [ENTER] after having selected the required item from the list, or
ù use [TAB] to select the button (saving window) or the button (opening
window) and press [ENTER].
File deselection To deselect a file in the Open/Save windows, press [Ctrl] + [SPACE]. Deselection is
required to access certain functions that would otherwise be impossible to execute, such
as folder creation for example.
Change folder To change the folder used for reading or saving, press [BACKSPACE] to go back to
the higher level or select one of the directories from the list and press [ENTER]. Now
repeat the sequence until you reach the required directories.
Warning: if the cursor has been previously moved from the area containing the list of
files, it must be brought back to this area by pressing [TAB]. Only then may the
described selection be applied.
Folder creation To create a folder, first deselect the selected file, then use the [TAB] key to scroll the
various controls in sequence until reaching the button. Now press [SPACE]. A
window containing certain functions will now appear. Use the [↓ ↓] or [↑
↑] keys to
highlight the New item in the menu and press [→ →] to access a second window where
the Folder element can be selected (using the same method). Now press [ENTER].
The windows are closed and a new item depicting a folder will be proposed in the list
with the name, New Folder highlighted. Digitize the new folder name and press
[ENTER].
File or folder Select the file or folder to rename. Use the [TAB] key to scroll through the various
renaming
controls in sequence until you reach the button and press [SPACE]. A window
↓] or [↑
containing several functions will now appear. Use the [↓ ↑] keys to highlight the
Rename item and press ENTER.
The window will be closet and the old name of the item selected will be highlighted.
Now digitize the new name for the selected item and press [ENTER].
File or folder deletion Select the file or folder to cancel. Use the [TAB] key to scroll through the various
controls in sequence until you reach the button and press [SPACE]. A window
↓] or [↑
containing several functions will now appear. Use the [↓ ↑] keys to highlight the
Cancel item and press ENTER.
File duplication Select the file to duplicate. Use the [TAB] key to scroll through the various controls in
sequence until you reach the button and press [SPACE]. A window where the
name of the newly duplicated file must be entered will appear. Do this and press
[ENTER].
End of Chapter
3 File Management
3.1 Introduction
This chapter describes how to use the File Management function of KVARA.
File management operates directly with the storage device and memory of the NC.
Some of the more delicate operations are protected by passwords.
Improper use of these functions can prevent the NC from operating correctly.
Remember to take the utmost care and do not carry out hasty manoeuvres.
NOTE
Figures showing the buttons whose use is described in the chapter appear on the
following pages. The messages on the buttons include an underlined letter. This letter
is known as short-cut and indicates the key to press along with the [ALT] key in order
to directly activate the button function.
E.g.:
Figure 3.1 -
Figure 3.2 -
Refer to the “System Functions” chapter for instructions on how to access the FILE
MANAGEMENT function.
As can be seen in Figure 3.3, the mask has two windows. Each window contains the
list of files in the unit shown at the top in area 1. The functions described in the
horizontal keys are operative from the activated window to the non-activated one.
E.g.: [Copy] copies the files from the activated window to the non-activated one.
A window is activated if its title is blue in colour and the selection bar appears on the
list of files.
The selected file or files are highlighted by a blue bar. Press the [INSERT] key on one
of these files to deselect it.
If the destination disk already contains the file to be copied, it will be overwritten
without any warning.
At the end of these operations, all files that conform to the entered selection criterion
will be highlighted in blue.
The deselection procedure functions in the same way but obtains the opposite result,
i.e. it deselects the files that conform to the entered deselection criterion. If no file has
been selected, it will evidently be impossible to deselect any.
To format a unit:
1) Select the disk to be formatted.
2) Press [Format] [ALT]+[F] (If the key cannot be accessed, it means that the correct
password has not been entered).
3) Select the type of formatting required in the window that appears (complete
formatting, i.e. [ALT]+[O] is recommended).
4) Start the formatting process with [Start]. Press [Close] if you wish to interrupt the
operation.
To quit:
1) Position the selection bar on the first line of the list with the folder symbol, with
an arrow pointing upwards.
2) Press [ENTER].
corresponding to the available methods by which the files can be set in order.
End of Chapter
4 Parameters Editor
4.1 Introduction
This chapter describes the functions available in the machine parameters editino mask.
Refer to the “Description of the Machine Parameters” manual for a detailed
description of each parameter.
Activation To activate the parameters editor from the BASIC MENU, press [Parameters], select
the type of parameter to display or modify from trhe window displayed above the
depressed key and then press [Enter].
The following options are available:
ù Tool Parameters
Accesses the configuration parameters of the boring head and the actuators
associated with the tools.
ù General Parameters
Accesses the configuration parameters of the work surface, the axes and the
general machine data.
ù Configuration Parameters
Accesses the configuration parameters of the serial ports and machine options.
Incorrect modification of these parameters can lead to faulty operation or totally stop
the machine. Inexpert persons or those who are not fully familiar with the machine
should therefore not carry out such operations.
Some of the parameters can only be modified by users recognized via software
passwords. However, all parameters remain visible. The protection level of each
parameter is given in the “Description of the Machine Parameters” manual.
Once activation of any of the available tables has terminated, the program will access
the management phase for the selected category of parameters.
The part that contains the hierarchical tree represents the logic organization of the
parameters tables while the editing area displays the parameters of the element selected
from the tree.
The area displayed is a tree structure with expandable branches representing the
hierarchy of the parameters. The node to which the program has positioned is shown in
yellow.
→] on a level with the branch
The tree is initially closed. To open it at a level, press [→
that needs expanding. Press [← ←] to close the selected branch.
↓] and [↑
Use keys [↓ ↑] to scroll through the tree elements.
When the icon of the selected element of the tree is a table, press [Enter] to update the
editing area.
The editing area is used to modify and display the parameter data. It consists of a
variable number of white coloured editing fields preceded by a string that identifies the
meaning of the parameter.
↑] and [↓
Use the [↑ ↓] keys to scroll through the fields in the table. The current field can
be recognized by the YELLOW coloured background.
How to copy the data To copy the data in the displayed table into a new table, press [Select Table], indicate
of the current table in the number of the table to display in the dialogue window that appears, enable the
a selected table Copy data into new element option and press [ENTER].
To save a different table from the one selected, activate the work area and select the
node associated with the required table, then press [Save Parameters].
Save all parameters Select the first node of the tree (the one on which all the other nodes depend), then
press [Save Parameters] to save all the tables associated with the sub-nodes.
To load a different table from the one selected, activate the work area and select the
node associated with the tables required, then press [Load Parameters].
Save all parameters Select the first node of the tree (the one on which all the other nodes depend), then
press [Load Parameters] to load all the tables associated with the sub-nodes.
Both these items may be present or just one of the two or even none, depending on the
parameter selected.
If present, they give the most significant piece of information concerning the current
parameter.
Enf of Chapter
5 I/O Editor
5.1 Introduction
The I/O editor is a tool that allows the peripheral boards connected to the CNC to be
configured.
Only the local (connected straight to the NC) or remote (connected by optic fiber using
the Esa/Gv proprietary bus) produced by ESA/GV can be configured with this
instrument.
Activation Press the [I/O Redir Editor] key from the BASIC MENU mask to activate the I/O
editor.
Figura 5.1 -
It is divided into two parts. There is a browser on the left and a table containing the
data concerning the item selected by the browser on the right.
Browser The browser gives different views of the database in which the editor works. In
particular, it allows access to the information organized in the following way:
Data entry table The right-hand part of the mask contains information about the item selected by the
browser.
This area is used to enter the data of a new board or to modify already existing settings.
The functions carried out by the I/O editor concern configuration of the peripheral
device to use.
Board insertion In order to insert a board, first select the category of I/O to which the board belongs by
means of the browser
Figura 5.2 -
End of Chapter
6 Channel monitor
6.1 Introduction
Channel monitor is a tool that allows the operation of each ISO channel configured to
be controlled and verified.
The information in this mask concerns a single channel.
Activation Press the [Channel Monitor] key in the BASIC MENU status to access the
CHANNEL MONITOR mask.
Role of the PLC with Many of the functions described below are only activated if a PLC program that
the Channel Monitor implements them is being executed. The controls that the Channel Monitor supplies to
the relative channel transit via the PLC which may customize the information or will at
least copy it into the channel registers. If PLC scanning is not activated or the PLC
program does not implement all the available functions, then the Channel Monitor will
only operate in partial mode.
The channel monitor is divided into various areas as shown in the figure.
Figura 6.1 -
Some of the functions modify the aspect of the graphic mask, but not in a significant
wa. Areas 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 are overwritten by a table that lists the parametric values
and their contents.
A great deal of the information displayed in this mask can be published by the channel
interpreter or executor. The difference lies in the fact that display in phase with the
interpreter is asynchronous in relation to real execution while display in phase with the
executor is synchronous.
Display in phase with the executor is certainly more significant during the debugging
operation. However, it introduces generation of an instrumental code to synchronize
the display. This leads to a loss of efficiency of a sometimes significant entity. The
parameter that influences this type of operation is Display in phase with interpreter in
the NC Options table. If it is 0 , the display will be in phase with the executor; if it is 1,
the display will be in phase with the interpreter.
It is advisable to select 1 for this parameter at the end of the part program test phase,
i.e. when the machine must begin the customer’s production cycle. This parameter can
be modified at any moment. The NC need not be reset, since the parameter is acquired
whenever a part program is executed, i.e. display in phase with the executor can be
restored if assistance work is required.
Targets Area [5] contains the current axes targets. The values are displayed in millimeters or
inches, depending on the unit of measurement chosen.
Additional Area [6] contains additional information concerning the axis with which it is aligned.
information The information to display in this area can be chosen from amongst the following
options:
ù Follow error Ess
ù DAC voltage V
ù Distance from target ds
To modify the type of information displayed, press the [Alt] + [V] keys and select the
information from the pull-down window proposed.
Follow error This information is given in millimeters or encoder pulses, depending on how a
machine parameter has been set up (Parameter set version in the General parameters
table. Enter 1 for values displayed in millimeters or 0 for values displayed in pulses..
Warning: this parameter influences various other axes parameters. It must therefore
not be used to solely select the unit of measurement of the follow error).
This information is useful when the dynamics of axes that must interpolate with each
other must be set up. Interpolation will be correct if, speed being equal, all the axes
that must interpolate with each other have an equal follow error.
DAC voltage This information indicates the voltage that the NC supplies to the indicated axis drive.
This value is equivalent to the one that can be measured with a multimeter on the
analog output channel of the axis.
Its values can be between 0 and 10 Volt, even though 10 Volts are normally never
measured as this would mean saturating both the DAC converter and the drive. The
maximum value given by the NC on the output depends on the drive set-up.
Distance from the This information displays the distance the axis needs to cover in order to reach the
target programmed point. When the axis has arrived and stops, the value is 0. The instant in
which the axis starts to position, the maximum value is displayed, i.e. equivalent to the
distance between the starting point and the point to reach.
In the JOG and REF status, the value displayed is not the distance from the target
(which is not known) but the distance covered from the beginning of the movement.
The icons Area [7] contains a series of icons that supply information about the status of each axis.
They are displayed in real time and provide important information about debugging.
All the possible icons that can be displayed are listed below. The display of one does
not exclude the others as several icons can be present at the same time in order to give
a compound status of each axis.
Symbol Description
EMERGENCY
The axis is in the emergency status.
AXIS STOPPED
Indicates that the axis is at a standstill. This information concerns the
theoretic position, i.e. minus follow error recovery.
AXIS NOT SIZED
The axis has not yet been sized, i.e. the zero search cycle (homing) has not
been carried out. This signal disappears at the end of the sizing cycle and
does not appear again until the NC is newly powered.
ZERO MARK
Signals that the czero mark is activated in the current axis position. This
icon is displayed on each encoder turn. However, in view of the brief
duration of the zero mark, this icon may not be visible at high speeds.
ADVANCEMENT BLOCK
Indicates that the advancement block is activated. In this case, the axis
cannot move even if requested to.
ON MOTOR
Indicates that the drive must be enabled for the axis (activation of ON-
MOTOR).
CLOSED LOOP
The regulating ring is activated, thus the axis is controlled.
LOWER LIMIT
The lower software limit has been reached. The axis cannot move towards
negative targets, just towards positive ones.
UPPER LIMIT
The upper software limit has been reached. The axis cannot move towards
positive targets, just towards negative ones.
NEGATIVE DIRECTION
The axis is moving towards negative targets.
POSITIVE DIRECTION
The axis is moving towards positive targets.
AXIS CONTROLLED BY ISO
The axis is being managed by the CHANNEL and is thus controlled by an
ISO part program.
AXIS CONTROLLED BY PLC
The axis is managed by the PLC and is thus controlled by means of the
function blocks that govern movement via the PLC.
Symbol Description
REVOLVER
The axis is indicated as REVOLVER for turret change management.
SPINDLE RANGE 1
The spindle is working in the first range programmed.
SPINDLE RANGE 2
The spindle is working in the second range programmed.
SPINDLE RANGE 3
The spindle is working in the third range programmed.
SPINDLE RANGE 4
The spindle is operating in the fourth range programmed.
Modal functions Area [8] of the modal functions contains 10 groups where the activated G functions are
displayed. Each group contains the value of the last G programmed from amongst
those of the group that exclude each other.
Group 1 Movements G0 – G1 – G2 – G3
Group 2 Plane selection G17 – G18 - G19
Group 3 Tool corrector selection G40 – G41 – G42
Group 4 Workpiece origin selection G54 – G55 – G56 – G57
Group 5 Continuous mode selection G61 – G64
Group 6 Inches / millimeters G70 – G71
Group 7 incremental / absolute G90 – G91
Group 8 Selection of mode in which speeds are G93 – G94 – G95
expressed
Group 9 Rotation speed / constant cutting G96 – G97
Group 10 Fixed cycles G100 ⇒ G999
At the start, the default values are displayed while the currently used values will be
displayed during execution. A field without a value means that the group has no
default value and that none of the codes of that group have yet been executed.
Auxiliary functions Area [9] of the auxiliary functions contains 3 groups where the activated T, D, M
functions are displayed.
A field without a value means that the group has no default value and that none of the
codes of that group have yet been executed.
The last values programmed of each of the T, D and M functions are displayed in these
fields. The values of these functions are only overwritten when a new, homogeneous
function is executed.
Speed display Area [12] has two slide bars that give the percentage programming of the axes and
spindle override and the programmed speed value for both.
The slides have a 150% full scale (maximum override value accepted by the channel).
The bar indicates the set percentage.
The programmed speed is also displayed for both fields, concerning the axes (F) and
the spindle (S): in mm/min for the axes and in RPM for the spindle.
The speeds displayed are the programmed ones, thus with reference to a 100%
override.
As soon as program execution begins, a yellow bar appears showing the currently
executed line. The displayed portion of program is automatically centered in a frame
around the current line so that this is always visible.
If the program is not being executed, the scroll bars of the window can be used to
display parts of the program that are not visible.
This is a function that requires the intervention of the PLC. Whenever the above
mentioned keys are pressed, the channel monitor transmits a selection request to the
PLC which must be confirmed by this latter. Display occurs on confirmation from the
PLC. This mechanism allows an external selector that uses physical inputs to be
inserted for example. Since the PLC does not have to deal with the requests of the
channel monitor, it is thus able to write the value of the selector in the response
register, bypassing management of the arrow keys in favour of the external selector.
The PLC can also force any axis as current axis according to internal logics known to
the PLC programmer.
Axis selection behaviour is thus strongly influenced by the PLC program. So much so,
this latter could also stop the current axis from being displayed.
Current axis display is hidden by the channel monitor in the AUT and MDI statuses.
Once a status has been selected, the channel is ready to receive commands pertaining
to the status activated.
REF status The PLC can activate the search cycle for the axes zeros. The cycle accomplished
depends on a machine parameter (Type of Sizing in the Axes Parameters table) which
establishes the sequence of the positionings made. A further parameter establishes the
direction of movement (Sizing direction reversal opt. in the Axes Parameters table),
while another two parameters define the speeds used (Micro search speed in siz. and
Mark search speed in siz. In the Axes Parameters table).
The REF cycle can be executed simultaneously for all the axes or with wired sequences
in the PLC logic.
JOG status The channel accepts axes movement commands in this status. The JOG movement
commands will probably be enabled by inputs that select the direction of movement.
Movement normally terminates by the input being released.
If the axis in movement has been sized, a JOG movement will never take the axis
beyond its limits. When these are neared, the NC begins its deceleration ramp even
though the movement input remains activated, and is thus able to stop on the exact
lower or upper limit of the axis.
Vice versa, if the axis has not been previously sized, its movement cannot be
controlled, thus the safety overtravel signals can be reached.
The speed used for these movements is expressed by a parameter that may differ for
each of the axes configured (Manual Speed in the Axes Parameters table).
INC status The operation of this status is almost the same as that of JOG. The only difference is
that axis positioning occurs from the current target of the selected axis onwards, for the
distance set in the area [11] (fixed increase). For example, if X axis is on target
255.000 and a forward increase with target INC=44 is requested, the axis will be
moved to 299.000.
The speed used for these movements is the maximum speed of the axis.
MDI status Selection of the MDI status allows a special program, the MDI program, to be executed
in automatic mode. Mode activation activates the [MDI] key that allows the ISO blocks
to be executed in this status to be inserted.
AUT status This status allows an ISO program to be executed. As usual, selection of the program
to execute is the task of the PLC. The contents of the selected program are displayed in
screen area [13].
Activation First select the JOG status, then select the axis to move. After this, use the movement
buttons (depending on the PLC program) to move the selected axis in the positive or
negative direction.
The FORWARD and BACKWARD signals cannot be given at the same time.
Activation Select the REF status of the channel. Now press the sizing cycle button.
The axes sizing sequence is established by the PLC.
Activation Select the INC status and the axis to position. Now enter the positioning value (DS) by
pressing key [Inc. Target] and entering the required value in millimeters. Confirm
with [Enter].
Execution of a positive positioning is obtained by using the FORWARD movement
command provided by the PLC logic. Vice versa, a negative positioning is obtained by
using the BACKWARD movement command.
Release of the positioning key will not stop the axis which always terminates the
activated positioning, unless an emergency occurs.
Activation Select the JOG status and the axis to which JOG OPEN must be applied. Now press
the [Test] key. The [Jog Open] button is enabled in area [10]. It must be pressed. Now
enter the JOG OPEN voltage by pressing the [Jog Target] key. The value entered will
be expressed in Volts and must be within the 0 - 10 Volt range.
The commands provided by the PLC for JOG activation must now be used.
Consider that the command normally used for movements towards positive targets in
JOG mode leads to a positive voltage output. Vice versa, the command used for
movements towards negative targets leads to a negative voltage output.
The JOG OPEN voltage is maintained until the signal used for command execution is
released.
No checks on the axes limits are conducted in this status even when the axes have been
previously sized. It is the task of the person who works with the CNC to prevent
collisions on the axes hardware protections.
Deactivation Press the [Jog Open] button again and then press [Test End] to deactivate the JOG
OPEN status.
Activation Select the MDI status. The aspect of area [13] changes and the displayed program
name becomes MDI.
Now press the [MDI] key, which is only enabled in this status. This action opens an
editor which proposes a blank sheet where the ISO instructions required can be
digitized.
There are no limitations in this programming phase in relation to normal
programming of a part program to execute in automatic mode.
When the ISO blocks have been written, press [Execute] and the newly created
program will appear in channel monitor area [13] just like a normal work program.
Press the machine button to start a normal work cycle.
Press the [MDI] key again to open the editor which will propose the previously written
program. This can be modified as required.
It is not available in the AUT and MDI statuses. Moreover, an axis must be selected.
The function in question proposes the data of the currently selected axis.
Activation In the presence of the conditions described above, press the [Test] key and then the
[Axes/Man Parameters] key. The mask containing all the selected axis data will be
created in the right-hand part of the channel monitor.
The required data can now be modified. Terminate this function by pressing [Monitor]
and then [Test End].
The entered parameters will now be activated. The axis uses the new values for the
next positionings.
Activation First select the AUT status, then select the program to execute by pressing the [Select
Program] key. The following file selection window will be proposed:
Figura 6.2 -
All the configured channels are listed. Any of the configured channels can be selected
by means of the selection window.
Select the check-box alongside the required channel then digit the names of the files to
execute for each of the selected channels.
The file to execute can also be selected by means of a disk browser by pressing the
[Scroll] button.
In particularly complex machines, the number of configured channels will exceed the
maximum number of channels that can be displayed in the window. In this case, use
the [Next] and [Previous] keys to scroll through the list of channels.
Once the operations have terminated, press [Ok], or [Cancel] to annul the selection
made.
The window of area [13] displays the first part of the program selected for the current
channel.
Execution Once selected, the program must be executed by means of the cycle start button, in
accordance with the PLC logic.
The semaphore The start of program execution turns on the GREEN light of the program. This
remains until execution ends, after which it goes out.
If the channel detects a programming error during execution, besides signaling the
occurrence by means of the alarms manager, it will also turn on the RED light of the
channel. This light will remain on until the PLC has reset channel operation.
The YELLOW light comes on after a HOLD request, i.e. when the axes are stopped in
their trajectory, and goes out after the work cycle has been reset.
These modes are activated by pressing the dedicated button in area [10].
If the colour also changes after the key has been pressed, this means that the PLC has
acquired the request. Vice versa, the channel monitor will have transmitted the request
but the PLC will not have taken it into consideration and the selected function will not
have been activated.
Press the button again to disable the function.
Step This operating mode forces the channel to execute one line at a time, stopping the
execution while awaiting an enabling signal on each line. The PLC usually requires the
operator to press a button in order to execute the next instruction.
The step mode is used to verify the correctness of the program or to check the
trajectory of the programmed axes in order to avoid collisions with mechanical parts.
The step function is calibrated at the beginning of the cycle and is maintained for the
entire duration of the program execution cycle.
Barred Block The barred block execution mode allows ISO blocks to be written into a program and
to decide whether to execute it or not at the last moment without having to modify the
file.
The ISO blocks that have this property must be preceded by the “/” character. Enabling
of barred block execution includes all the blocks in question. Vice versa, blocks whose
first character is the bar will not be executed.
All the NON-BARRED blocks are executed in both modes.
The barred block execution command must be selected before the cycle begins and is
maintained for the entire cycle. It cannot be enabled or disabled whilst the cycle is
being executed.
DRY RUN This mode allows a program to be executed in verification mode. The axes are really
moved, but their speed is changed.
The speed used for the interpolations is the one defined by thye Speed F for dry-run
cycle in the Channel Parameters cycle. The speeds programmed in the cycle are
ignored. However, the functions that limit the speeds according to the Speed Control
Data parameters remain activated.
This function is complete if the PLC inhibits the activation of actuators that normally
help in the process, such as tools, coolant, exhausts, etc...
Loc Disp This mode allows the targets to be selected in relation to the machine origin or
workpiece origin.
If enabled, the display will refer to the workpiece, i.e. to the origin transfer
accomplished with the ISO G54 – G59 commands, otherwise the targets will refer to
the physical zero of each axis.
As origin transfer in ISO is only activated for the three main axes (X, Y e Z), thus
display selection will be of effect on these axes.
The Loc Disp. Mode can also be enabled or disabled during cycle execution.
Verify The Verify mode allows the correctness of the program to be verified before the cycle is
actually executed. When this mode is activated, the CNC will not produce axes
movements and will not require synchronisms with the PLC (codes M, S, T).
All the algorithms that check whether the program is correct (from syntactical checks
to axes limit checks) are, however, activated.
If a program executed in Verify mode terminates correctly, it can be executed without
expecting any execution errors. On the other hand, if an error is detected in Verify
mode, the Channel Monitor will synchronize area [13] to the program line that
contains the error.
Activation Press the [Variables] key. Areas [8] [9] [10] [11] and [12] are replaced by the window
illustrated below.
Figura 6.3 -
The Local, Automatic and Globali variables can be displayed in this window.
On activation, the window proposes the list of local variables. Press [Automat.] to
display the automatic variables and then [Global] to display the global ones. Press
[Local] again to go back to the local variables displayed at the start. The key to press is
always the same as it is re-programmed each time with the function that allows access
to the next type of variables.
Deactivation Press the [Mod/AUX Funct.] key to close the variables window.
Use of the variables After the variables window has been activated, use the arrow keys to select a variable.
window Use the [Page Up] and [Page Down] keys to scroll through the pages of the table.
As will be noted, the current field is a different colour from the other fields.
The value of a variable can be modified by making the right-hand part of the variable
line the current field and digitizing the required value.
Thus successive accesses to the program in reading mode will take the newly modified
variable value into account.
6.6 Debug
The DEBUG function allows total control to be taken of the tested ISO program, the
more critical parts of which can then be checked.
When the debugger is used, the operator can enter breakpoints, execute the program
step by step and thus check the consistency of the variables in a precise point of the
program as well as checking to make sure that the program flow is correct.
Figura 6.4 -
Activation Press the [Debug] key to activate the debugger. The graphic aspect of the channel
monitor remains unchanged. Just the functions of the keys change as they are re-
defined in order to accomplish the debugging functions.
Deactivation Press the [Debug End] key to terminate the debugging session and go back to the
normal Channel Monitor functions. This action cancels all the programmed
breakpoints.
6.6.1 BreakPoint
A breakpoint is an instruction that stops the execution cycle. To associate a breakpoint
with an instruction means asking for execution to be suspended as soon as the CNC
encounters that instruction. Once execution has been stopped, the channel monitor user
can interact with the program execution by removing or inserting breakpoints,
checking or modifying variables or requesting step-by-step execution.
How to insert a To insert a breakpoint, first select the required line using the directional arrows. The
breakpoint cursor of area [13] is positioned as a consequence. Once the line has been reached,
press the [Breakpoint] key. The breakpoint symbol will be displayed alongside the
number of the selected line to indicate that the interruption point is activated.
If the program flow is such that that line is not executed, the inserted breakpoint will
never be able to interrupt program execution.
Breakpoint removal To remove a breakpoint, use the same sequence as used to insert it. When pressed on a
level with a line with a programmed breakpoint, the [Breakpoint] key will remove the
actual breakpoint itself.
To remove all the breakpoints in the program without repeating the canceling
procedure for each individual breakpoint, simply use the [Remove All Breakpoints]
key which will cancel all the programmed breakpoints.
6.6.2 Step
Execution of a program in step mode is the same as entering a temporary breakpoint
on a level with the next instruction so that only the current line is executed, stopping
the execution on the next line.
Step-by-step execution of the program is obtained by means of input signals provided
by the PLC. This latter interfaces the step functions with the user.
The following step modes are tolerated:
Activation This function is activated by pressing the [Watch] key. A window similar to the one
used to display the native variables is proposed.
Figura 6.5 -
Deactivation Press the [Watch] key again to close the variables display window. The list of variables
displayed will not be cancelled when this window is closed. It will be presented again
when the window is next opened. The list of variables will only be cancelled if the
debug status is quitted.
Selection of the Initially, this table will be empty. Digitize the name of the variable to display.
variable to display
The name must be entered in the left-hand part of the line while the value in the
variable will appear in the right-hand part of the same line. If the name of the variable
is wrong, the part that should hold the value will indicate the error with the Data not
existing! message.
Use the arrows to select the data entry field. The current field is the one in YELLOW.
Forcing Forcing a value means modifying the contents of a variable. This is of use if you
discover that the result of a calculation is wrong (owing to a programming error) and
you wish to continue the debugging operation in the following lines. In this case, the
result can be corrected by forcing the value in the variable that contains it.
To do this, select the value to modify and digitize the new value. From this moment
onwards, the program will use the newly entered value for the subsequent calculations.
End of Chapter
7 ASCII Editor
7.1 Introduction
This tool is used to write or modify any file in text format that may be of use in
ensuring that the NC operates in the correct way. In particular, it is used to create or
modify:
ù ISO programs
ù ISO sub-programs
ù ISO Fixed Cycles
7.2 Activation
This editor is accessed from the BASIC MENU by pressing the [ASCII Editor] key.
New program The window heading bears the word **NEW** to show that a new file can be created.
The cursor is positioned on the first character of the editing window that is empty.
Each character of the file is digitized just like a standard editor.
How to select an Press [Open File] to open and thus modify an existing file. A selection window of the
existing file file to open will appear.
How to select the type Note that the displayed list of files is of the same kind as the type of file in the window
of file filter field. Change the filter selection if the type of file does not correspond to the type
required (use type *.* for a complete view of the contents of the current directory).
Opening Press the button after having selected the required file.
The ASCII editor is a free editor formed by a window that occupies the entire video
area, as shown in the figure:
It is divided vertically into two parts. The left-hand part (if enabled) displays the line
numbers while the right-hand part displays the program instructions.
Status Bar The status bar contains information about the line number and column on which the
cursor is positioned, and about the INSERT or OVERWRITE status selected with the
[Insert] key on the keyboard. In the first case, the digitized characters scroll
horizontally after the cursor. In the second case, the digitized characters overwrite the
ones to the right of the cursor.
Colour customizing The colours of the instructions allow the programming syntax to be recognized and
made the program more legible.
The association of colours to parts of an instruction can be set-up by pressing the [Alt]
+ [S] > [O] keys.
The colour customizing window allows the operator to select:
The text colour can be selected for each type of data item available while the remaining
properties are the same for all types of data provided by the editor.
The following types of data are available:
Type Description
Fixed Cycles Execution instruction codes. They begin with the letter G
and are followed by a number (0-999). They always appear
at the beginning of a line.
Numbers Numeric values; targets, angles, counters, etc.
Operators Characters recognized for algebraic calculations (+, *, -, /).
Keywords Parametric instructions.
Comments Portion of text that follows the “;” character, used to
describe the phases of the program.
Normal Names of variables, identifiers of the parameters or
instructions and references for jumps (labels).
Line insertion To insert lines, move to the point of the program at which insertion begins, then
digitize all the characters that form the instruction.
The [ENTER] key creates an empty line above the current line.
Use the directional keys to move the cursor to the exact insertion point.
Characters can also be inserted into an already existing instruction in a similar way.
How to select a block Move the cursor to the first line of the required block. Keep the [Shift] key depressed
of lines while using the [↓↓ ] key to select the required block.
A block consists of at least one line.
Make sure that the cursor is correctly positioned. If it is not on the first character of a
line, the selection will include at least a portion of a line.
Line deletion Select the block of lines to cancel and press [Del].
How to delete Characters can be deleted by positioning the cursor to the left of the first character to
characters cancel and pressing [Del] for all the characters to cancel.
How to duplicate a To duplicate a block of lines, select the required ones then press the [Ctrl] + [C] keys
block of lines (the lines will be memorized in the clipboard). Now position the cursor on the line
above the one where the block is to be inserted and press the [Ctrl] + [V] keys.
Data search To search for a line portion, press the [Alt] + [E] > [T] keys and fill the search window
with the value to find. Now press [Enter].
The following options can be set in the search window:
If the searched text appears several times in the file, press the [Repeat Search] key to
move to the next text occurrence.
Data substitution To substitute a portion of a line with another portion, press the Alt + E > U keys and
fill the substitution window with the value to find and the value with which it must be
substituted. Now press [Enter] to begin the substitution process.
The portion of line to substitute is highlighted and the substitution window allows one
of the following operations to be carried out:
Line search To position the cursor on a known line, press the [Go to] key and enter the number of
the line to which the cursor must position, then press [Enter] to confirm the operation.
Annul change Press the [Ctrl] + [Z] keys to annul the last modification made.
Save changes to Press the [Ctrl] + [S] keys to save the changes made to the program. If no name has
program yet been given to the program (a new program saved for the first time), the operator
will be asked to specify one.
End of Chapter
8 PLC Menu
8.1 Introduction
The tool described in this charter provides the basic functions allowing a PLC to be
loaded and operated. This tool is not a substitute for WBLOC. It is just a small and
simple tool to use if WBLOC is not available, or for less expert users since it is simpler
than WBLOC.
Activation Press the [PLC Menu] from the BASIC MENU status to access the PLC Menu.
The window of the PLC Menu is used by the NC firmware to display low level
information that can be useful in order to identify a bad CNC configuration.
This information is used by the ESA/GV assistance service or other personnel with
considerable experience, fully familiar with the CNC.
Error display Press the [Display Errors] key and the list of errors present will appear in the vacant
space in the mask.
The messages that appear here represent diagnostic information that the firmware of
the NC publishes in order to diagnose the operation of the machine in a better way.
Some of the messages do not concern malfunctions but simply diagnose potentially
incorrect settings (they should be considered Warnings) while other messages identify
configuration errors.
The Esa/Gv assistance staff could ask to see this list in order to check out a CNC fault.
How to delete the Press the [Cancel Errors] key to delete the displayed list of errors. This function is of
error list use when checking whether modifications made to the configuration after errors have
been displayed have been beneficial. By canceling the errors and repeating the display,
the assistance staff can check whether the errors have been resolved or not.
Current project Press the [Load PLC] key to activate a procedure that will carry out the following steps
loading in sequence:
1) Compilation of the source files of the current PLC
2) Transfer of the compiled files to the CNC
3) Loading of the transferred files into the memory
At the end of this sequence and if there are no errors in the PLC, the PLC program will
be transferred to the NC and loaded into the memory in block, i.e. the program
scanning function is not activated.
Current PLC means the PLC project referred by PlcProj under the AUTOSETUP
section in the Kvara.ini file. This PLC project is the same as the one loaded when the
AUTOSETUP function is executed.
After this operation, the report about the compilation and transfer result will appear in
the errors mask as also occurs with WBLOC.
Start scanning PLC scanning must be carried out after a PLC upgrade or after scanning has been
intentionally interrupted by the person working on the CNC.
Press the [Start] key to activate the scanning phase. This key is only available if PLC
scanning has stopped.
PLC scanning cannot start unless the PLC has been loaded, thus after a compilation
error.
Stop scanning PLC scanning is interrupted automatically when an upgrade is being loaded, otherwise
it can only be interrupted intentionally by pressing the [Stop] key. This function is only
available if PLC scanning is being executed.
When PLC scanning stops, the PLC BLOCKED message appears.
Press the [Format Shared] key to format the shared memory. This operation must be
confirmed with [OK] when the confirmation request appears. If the [Format Shared]
key is pressed accidentally, just press [Annul] when the confirmation request appears
in order to annul the operation.
Shared memory formatting resets the shared memory of the CNC. This memory
contains both the machine parameters and the buffered RAM disks.
Following this function, the CNC will indicate CONFIGURATION NULL and it will
be necessary to repeat both the parameter loading and RAM DISK formatting
operations.
It is not common practice to format the shared memory. It must only be done when
explicitly indicated by the ESA/GV assistance service whose staff members will also
assist users in order to restore the operating conditions of the CNC.
End of Chapter
9 Autosetup
9.1 Introduction
The AUTOSETUP function allows all or part of the CNC firmware to be re-
programmed.
This function may only be used by specialized personnel familiar with the exact
procedure and informed about the risk they can incur if it is not carried out in the
correct way.
This is why it is strongly inadvisable to inexpert persons to carry out this procedure.
When to use AUTOSETUP must be used when a CNC must be upgraded with a new version or
AUTOSETUP when specified by the Esa/Gv assistance service.
The end user of the machine need never carry out an AUTOSETUP.
Activation Autosetup can be called up in automatic mode from BaseMenu on start-up if the
Autosetup.ini file is in the c:\Kvara directory.
Or it can be called up by pressing the [Autosetup] key from the BASIC MENU mask.
The Autosetup mask is accessed in both cases.
Figura 9.1 -
Execution sequence The Autosetup mask displays the list of operations carried out in sequence:
1) BOOT SECTOR initializing.
2) NC reset.
3) Disk H formatting:
4) File copying into disk H:
5) Disk I formatting:
6) File copying into disk I:
7) NC reset.
8) Disk F formatting:
9) File copying into disk F:
10) Parameter loading.
11) NC reset.
12) PLC loading.
The files to transfer to the NC must have been loaded into the PC disk if the Autosetup
sequence is to function correctly.
Before beginning the Autosetup process, the starting point in the sequence can be
selected by moving the cursor (line in reverse) with the arrows to the first step to
execute.
Steps can also be excluded from the sequence, after which the operations required will
be displayed with these steps cancelled. This can help carry out a more reliable
AUTOSETUP sequence. The option can be selected by customizing the Autosetup.ini
file.
Deactivation The AUTOSETUP.INI file (if present) is cancelled at the end of this sequence so that
next time, BaseMenu starts in normal mode and BaseMenu closes automatically.
Press the [Close] button to bypass execution of the Autosetup sequence.
Interruption of Once Autosetup has started, it cannot be interrupted. Forced interruption (using the
Autosetup Windows Task Manager) is one of the main causes of damage to the NC. Thus, if
Autosetup is launched accidentally, it is advisable to allow it to terminate.
End of Chapter
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