Imradc Paper Format 2023

TACURONG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region XII-SOCCSKSARGEN
City Schools Division of Tacurong
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and ENGINEERING PROGRAM
New Isabela, Tacurong City
_________________________________________________________________
PROJECT TITLE
(Bold, inverted pyramid, Arial, font size 12-16)
A Research Requirement
Presented to
The Department of Science,
Science, Technology, and Engineering Program,
Tacurong National High School, Tacurong City
In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements in Research I
By
(STUDENT’S NAME, Complete Name with MI, leader, members)

Researchers
(Month Year Passed)

TRANSMITTAL SHEET
This Science Investigatory Project entitled: (Write complete title, make sure scientific
names are italicized)
Prepared and submitted by (complete name) in partial fulfillment of the requirements

for Research I is hereby accepted and endorsed.
ALFIE A. GARDOSE
Research Adviser
Respectfully endorsed as partial fulfillment of the requirements for Research I,

Science, Technology, and Engineering Program (STEP), Tacurong National High
School, New Isabela, Tacurong City.
FE T. BATILARAN EMMIE MARIE S. SEBUCAO

STEP Coordinator Science Department Head
_______________________ _______________________
Date Signed Date Signed
FREDDIE T. DELANTAR
Principal II
______________________
Date Signed

APPROVAL SHEET
This Science Investigatory Project entitled:
Prepared and submitted by _________________________________________in

partial fulfillment of the requirements for Research I is hereby accepted and
endorsed.
ALFIE A. GARDOSE
Research Adviser
______________________
Date Signed
Respectfully endorsed as partial fulfillment of the requirements for Research I,

Science, Technology, and Engineering Program (STEP), Tacurong National High
School, New Isabela, Tacurong City.
FE T. BATILARAN EMMIE MARIE S. SEBUCAO

STEP Curriculum Head Science Department Head
_______________________ ________________________
Date Signed Date Signed
Accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for Research I, STEP,

Tacurong National High School.
ALFIE A. GARDOSE
Research Coordinator
________________________
Date Signed

TABLE OF CONTENTS
(This serves as a guide you can revise and edit this according to your needs)
Preliminary pages
Title Page ……………………………………………………………………………..…...i
Transmittal Sheet ………..……………………………………………………..…………ii
Approval Sheet………………………………………………………………...…………..iii
Acknowledgement……………………………………………………………..………….iv
Dedication……………………………………………………………..…………………v
Table of Contents………………………………………………………..……………..…vi
List of Tables…………………………………………………………...……………..…..vii
List of Figures……………………………………………………………...……………..viii
Abstract …………………………………………………………………………….……..ix
INTRODUCTION………….……………………………………………………………… 1
Background of the Study………………………………………………………. 1
Statement of the Problem……………………………………………………… 2
Hypotheses………………………………………………………………….. 2
Significance of the Study……………………………………………………….. 3
Scope and Limitations of the Study…………………………………….………4
Time and Place of the Study………………………………………………….
Definition of Terms…………………………………………………………….
MATERIALS AND METHODS………………………………………………………..

Materials…………………………………………………………………………
Research Design and Treatments……………………………………………
Acquisition of Materials………………………………………………………..
Procedures …………………………………………………………………….
Data Gathering Procedures ………………………………………………..
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS………………………………………………

Results …………………………………………………………………………
Discussions …………………………………………………………………….
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ………………………………….

Conclusion …………………………………………………………………
Recommendations ………………………………………………………..
BIBLIOGRAPHY ………………………………………………………………..
CURRICULUM VITAE ………………………………………………………
APPENDICES …………………………………………………………………..

LIST OF TABLES
(This serves as a guide you can revise and edit this according to your needs.
Remove table lines after putting entries. You may add or remove rows)
Table Title Page

LIST OF FIGURES
(This serves as a guide you can revise and edit this according to your needs.
Remove table lines after putting entries. You may add or remove rows)
Figure Title Page

ABSTRACT
(Abstract includes the following: Purpose of the study, Process/procedures,
Discussions and Conclusion. One paragraph and must not exceed to 250 words.
Spacing must be 2.0, justify)

INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
(The introduction maybe composed of three or four paragraphs which will enable the
readers to see at a glance the entire contents of the research work.
1. Presentation of the problem. The first paragraph is intended to provide the
readers a mental readiness, thus giving them the information as to what the research
problem is all about. It introduces the study and its justification.
2. Rationale. The second paragraph carries the greater part of this introduction and
the problem that is used as a frame of reference. It tells the readers the scope,
circumstances and the coverage of the study.
3. Purpose. The third paragraph revolves around the various conditions that
accompany and determine the purpose of the study.
4. Hint/Clue. The last paragraph is a sort of closing portion that arouses the curiosity
and interest of the readers to know the results of the study.)
Statement of the Problem
(This is one of the most important parts of a research work. This is the focus of the
study and all the questions should be categorically stated, and answered. The
problem should be stated both in general and in specific terms. The general
statement of the problem is a reiteration of the title of the study. The problem is
stated in an interrogatory form. It must ask a question and sub problems must follow
the main problem which are the key issues for investigations in the research. The
problem should be stated in the infinitive to (action words in research) such as

examine, analyze, evaluate, find out, among others. Specific questions should be
stated using the following guide question words: “How, “”Will,” “What,”” Is there.”)
Hypotheses
(A hypothesis is a tentative conclusion or answer to a specific question raised at the
beginning of the investigation. It is an educated guess about the answer to a specific
question.
Guidelines in the Formulation of Explicit Hypotheses.
1. In experimental investigations, hypotheses have to be explicit, they have to be
expressed. They have to be expressed also in comparative and correlational
studies.
2. In descriptive and historical investigations, hypotheses are seldom expressed
if not entirely absent. The sub problems or specific questions raised before
the start of the investigation and stated under the statement of the problem
serve as the hypotheses. (Good and Scates) The specific questions serves as
the hypotheses. With this fact, it is logical to presume that all studies in
research have hypotheses and for that matter all theses and dissertations
have their own respective hypotheses. Consequently, no research is
conducted without any hypothesis at all.
3. Hypotheses are usually stated in the null form because testing a null
hypothesis is easier that a hypothesis in the operational form. Testing
hypothesis simply means gathering data to answer it.
4. Hypotheses are formulated from the specific questions upon which they are
based.)

HO: (Null Hypothesis-negative statement)
HA: (Alternative Hypothesis-positive statement)
Significance of the Study
(In this part of the research study, the investigator expresses the value of the
problem to be undertaken. It is where the significant contributions may be viewed
from the point of the target beneficiaries like the researcher himself, service provider,
administrators, parents, teachers, students, planners, decision-makers, legislators,
politicians, implementers, practitioners, the family, the government, the community
and the educational and political institutions. It may also be viewed on their
contributions to the accumulations and discovery of knowledge, solving a problem
and refinement of concepts and theories, improvement of research instruments and
methods and meeting the priorities of the institution.
What should be included in the importance of the study?
The rationale, timeliness and relevance of the study to existing conditions/situations
covered by investigations.
2. What motivated the researchers to conduct the study?
3. The possible solutions to existing problems or improvement to unsatisfactory
conditions Show the individuals, groups, or communities who maybe placed in a
more advantageous on account of the study
5. The possible contribution to the fount of knowledge
6. It should consider and discuss the implications, including the possible causes
of the problems, the positive effects of the problems, and the remedial measures to
solve the identified problems.

The use of these phrases could keep express the significance of the study:
Results could help benefit…
The study will enhance involvement in the…
Similar organizations/institutions will benefit from this study…
This study can help improve the…
The findings may also serve as guides to…
This study will serve…
This study will contribute…
The results of this study will provide some insights and understanding on how
to…
This study will make them aware of …
This could motivate and challenge school authorities to…)
Scope and Limitations of the Study
(The scope identifies the boundaries in terms of time, location, and samples,
subjects and the limitations which are beyond the control of the researcher.
The use of the following phrases could help the researcher express the
scope/limitation of the study:
This study is focused on…
This study is limited to…
The coverage of this study…
The investigation is concerned on…
The researcher limited this study to…
The study does not seek to include…

Conceptual Framework
(Conceptual framework is a mental image or perception anchored on the theoretical
framework. The conceptual framework is the detailed presentation of the variables to
be observed in the on-going study: the concepts defined in a way the investigator
wants, the way the variables are operationalized and the method of measuring the
variables. The conceptual framework is drawn from the review of related literatures
and studies. It should clarify the relationship between and among major variables of
the study. It should be illustrated further by drawing a conceptual paradigm.
A paradigm is a research perspective or view that holds about what research goals
and methods should be. It is a perspective or frame of reference for viewing the
problem, consisting of a set of concepts and assumptions.
An example is shown in the next page.

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework of the study
Time and Place of the Study
(Research setting is the physical, social, or experimental context within which
research is conducted. In a research paper, describing this setting accurately is
crucial since the results and their interpretation may depend heavily on it. For
example, in a paper that describes the social behavior of chimpanzees, the authors
may need to provide the following details about the research setting: where the
chimpanzees were observed (in the wild or in captivity), the number of chimpanzees
observed and whether they belonged to the same social group, the geographic
location, the period of study, the time of year/weather conditions, the availability of
resources like food/water/shelter, presence of environmental threats, and so on.

In a laboratory experiment, the setting is more controlled, so you would need to
describe which environmental variables were controlled and how. For example, in a
study involving mice, the research setting may include the temperature/humidity and
the size of the area/cage in which mice are housed, the light/dark cycles, the
food/water available to mice, and whether they are exposed to any
pathogens/reagents. In a clinical study involving humans, the setting could be a
hospital ward, an outpatient department, a rehabilitation center, or the participants’
homes.
Research setting is an important component of research design/methodology. If you
have been asked to describe the setting of your study, note any aspects related to
the environment in which your study is being conducted. You may want to refer to
the author guidelines of your target journal to confirm which specific details the
journal requires. In addition, during your literature review, focus on how authors of
studies similar to yours have described their research settings. You may also want to
review the limitations sections of these papers because authors often mention which
aspects of their research design/setting may not allow for generalizations.
Definition of Terms
(The definition of terms is written for knowledgeable peers, not people from other
disciplines As such, it is not the place to fill pages with definitions that knowledgeable
peers would know at a glance. Instead, define terms that may have more than one
meaning among knowledgeable peers.)

MATERIALS AND METHODS
(Research methodology is the specific procedures or techniques used to identify,
select, process, and analyze information about a topic. In a research paper, the
methodology section allows the reader to critically evaluate a study's overall validity
and reliability. The methods section of a research paper provides the information by
which a study’s validity is judged. The method section answers two main questions:
1) How was the data collected or generated?
2) How was it analyzed? The writing should be direct and precise and written
in the past tense)
Materials
(Discuss all materials used in the conduct of the study. All materials must be
specifically define with accurate measurements and units)
Research Design and Treatments
(We are concerned with the analysis of data generated from an experiment. It is wise
to take time and effort to organize the experiment properly to ensure that the right
type of data, and enough of it, is available to answer the questions of interest as
clearly and efficiently as possible. This process is called experimental design.
The specific questions that the experiment is intended to answer must be clearly
identified before carrying out the experiment. We should also attempt to identify
known or expected sources of variability in the experimental units since one of the
main aims of a designed experiment is to reduce the effect of these sources of
variability on the answers to questions of interest. That is, we design the experiment
in order to improve the precision of our answers.
In experiments, a treatment is something that researchers administer to
experimental units. For example, a corn field is divided into four, each part is 'treated'

with a different fertilizer to see which produces the most corn; a teacher practices
different teaching methods on different groups in her class to see which yields the
best results; a doctor treats a patient with a skin condition with different creams to
see which is most effective. Treatments are administered to experimental units by
'level', where level implies amount or magnitude. For example, if the experimental
units were given 5mg, 10mg, 15mg of a medication, those amounts would be three
levels of the treatment.)
Procedures
(Discuss in a step by step process. Each process/procedure must be discussed in
details/narrative with means of verification (pictures). Avoid recipe type procedures.)
Example:
Acquisition of Materials
(Pictures must at least 1.5 inches in height and limited to three different
pictures. Avoid pictures that shows faces of researchers or respondents)
Figure 2. Acquisition of materials
(Discuss the process in detail after the figure.)
Data Gathering Procedures

Data gathering procedure is the technique used to obtain the information used in a
study to substantiate the claims made by a researcher. There are several methods
by which you can collect quantitative data, which include:
o Experiments.
o Controlled observations.
o Surveys: paper, kiosk, mobile, questionnaires.
o Longitudinal studies.
o Polls.
o Telephone interviews.
o Face-to-face interviews.
Statistical Analysis/Tool
(Statistical analysis is the collection and interpretation of data in order to uncover
patterns and trends. It is a component of data analytics. There are two main types of
statistical analysis: descriptive and inference, also known as modeling.
Descriptive statistics are used to describe the basic features of the data in a study.
They provide simple summaries about the sample and the measures. Together with
simple graphics analysis, they form the basis of virtually every quantitative analysis
of data or we may measure a large number of people on any measure.
Descriptive statistics are brief descriptive coefficients that summarize a given data
set, which can be either a representation of the entire or a sample of a population.
Descriptive statistics are broken down into measures of central tendency and
measures of variability. There are four major types of descriptive statistics:
o Measures of Frequency: * Count, Percent, and Frequency.
o Measures of Central Tendency. * Mean, Median, and Mode.

o Measures of Dispersion or Variation. * Range, Variance, Standard
Deviation.
o Measures of Position. * Percentile Ranks, Quartile Ranks.
Inferential analysis is a collection of methods for estimating what the population
characteristics (parameters) might be, given what is known about the sample's
characteristics (statistics), or for establishing whether patterns or relationships, both
association and influence, or differences between categories.
The following types of inferential statistics are extensively used and relatively easy to
interpret:
o One sample test of difference/One sample hypothesis test.
o Confidence Interval.
o Contingency Tables and Chi Square Statistic.
o T-test or Anova.
o Pearson Correlation.
o Bi-variate Regression.
o Multi-variate Regression.

RESULTS, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIONS
(Data interpretation is the process of reviewing data through some predefined
processes which will help assign some meaning to the data and arrive at a relevant
conclusion. It involves taking the result of data analysis, making inferences on the
relations studied, and using them to conclude.)
Results
(The results section of the research paper is where you report the findings of your
study based upon the information gathered as a result of the methodology [or
methodologies] you applied. The results section should simply state the findings,
without bias or interpretation, and arranged in a logical sequence. The results
section should always be written in the past tense. A section describing results
[a.k.a., "findings"] is particularly necessary if your paper includes data generated
from your own research. A summary of your key findings arranged in a logical
sequence that generally follows your methodology section. Inclusion of non-textual
elements, such as, figures, charts, photos, maps, tables, etc. to further illustrate the
findings, if appropriate.
In the text, a systematic description of your results, highlighting for the reader
observations that are most relevant to the topic under investigation [remember that
not all results that emerge from the methodology that you used to gather the data
may be relevant. Use of the past tense when referring to your results. The page
length of your results section is guided by the amount and types of data to be

reported. However, focus only on findings that are important and related to
addressing the research problem.)
Table 1 presents the potentiality of Saccharum officinarum (Sugarcane)
Bagasse as paper packaging in terms of texture.
Table 1. Potentiality of Saccharum officinarum (Sugarcane) Bagasse as paper

packaging in terms of Texture, Science, Technology and Engineering Program,
Tacurong National High School, New Isabela, Tacurong City, May 2023.
Treatments Replicates Total Mean Average Description
1 2 3
T1- 1000 g Giant mud crab 4.8 3.5 6.4 45 4.0 Potential
shells
T2 – 800 g Giant mud crab 3.0 3.0 4.0 23 3.9 Potential
shells
T3 – 600 g Giant mud crab 3.2 4.3 5.6 12 6.5 potential
shells
Total
18.0
General Mean Average potential
6.0
Table 1 shows the…..
Discussions
(The purpose of the discussion is to interpret and describe the significance of your
findings in light of what was already known about the research problem being
investigated, and to explain any new understanding or fresh insights about the
problem after you've taken the findings into consideration. The discussion will always
connect to the introduction by way of the research questions or hypotheses you
posed and the literature you reviewed, but it does not simply repeat or rearrange the
introduction; the discussion should always explain how your study has moved the
reader's understanding of the research problem forward from where you left them at
the end of the introduction.)

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Conclusion
(The conclusion is intended to help the reader understand why your research should
matter to them after they have finished reading the paper. A conclusion is not merely
a summary of your points or a re-statement of your research problem but a synthesis
of key points. For most essays, one well-developed paragraph is sufficient for a
conclusion, although in some cases, a two-or-three paragraph conclusion may be
required.
A well-written conclusion provides you with several important opportunities to
demonstrate your overall understanding of the research problem to the reader.
These include:
Presenting the last word on the issues you raised in your paper. Just as the
introduction gives a first impression to your reader, the conclusion offers a chance to
leave a lasting impression. Do this, for example, by highlighting key points in your
analysis or findings.
Summarizing your thoughts and conveying the larger implications of your
study. The conclusion is an opportunity to succinctly answer the "so what?" question
by placing the study within the context of past research about the topic you've
investigated.
Demonstrating the importance of your ideas. Don't be shy. The conclusion offers
you a chance to elaborate on the significance of your findings.

Introducing possible new or expanded ways of thinking about the research
problem. This does not refer to introducing new information [which should be
avoided], but to offer new insight and creative approaches for framing/contextualizing
the research problem based on the results of your study.
When writing the conclusion to your paper, follow these general rules:
o State your conclusions in clear, simple language.
o Do not simply reiterate your results or the discussion.
o Indicate opportunities for future research, as long as you haven't already done
so in the discussion section of your paper.
Recommendations
(Recommendations are based on the results of your research and indicate the
specific measures or directions that can be taken.
How to write a thesis conclusion
o Clearly state the answer to the main research question.
o Summarize and reflect on the research.
o Make recommendations for future work on the topic.
o Show what new knowledge you have contributed.)

BIBLIOGRAPHY
(Chicago-MLA Format, Alphabetical order and Sources and date accessed)

CURRICULUM VITAE
A. PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Name: TYRON JAY O. VELASCO

Date of Birth: JUNE 6, 2006
Place of Birth: TACURONG CITY
Grade and Section: GRADE 7- J.P.RIZAL
School: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND ENGINEERING PROGRAM,
TACURONG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL, TACURONG CITY
B. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary: MARIA A. MONTILLA MEMORIAL ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Date Graduated: APRIL 4, 2017
Secondary: TACURONG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL, NEW ISABELA,
TACURONG CITY
Status: CURRENTLY ENROLLED
C. FAMILY BACKGROUND
Parents: MR. FRANKLIN M. VELASCO

MRS. MARICHELL O. VELASCO
Sibling: NONE
Home Address: PRK. MAINUSWAGON, BRGY. NEW LAGAO, TACURONG
CITY

APPENDICES

APPENDICES
(Important tables and pictures not found on the results and discussions)

Intel-ISEF Forms
(all forms with signatures of adult sponsors and field scientist)

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TACURONG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Republic of the Philippines

(STUDENT’S NAME, Complete Name with MI, leader, members)

(Month Year Passed)

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and ENGINEERING PROGRAM

Prepared and submitted by (complete name) in partial fulfillment of the requirements

Respectfully endorsed as partial fulfillment of the requirements for Research I,

FE T. BATILARAN EMMIE MARIE S. SEBUCAO

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and ENGINEERING PROGRAM

This Science Investigatory Project entitled:

Prepared and submitted by _________________________________________in

Respectfully endorsed as partial fulfillment of the requirements for Research I,

FE T. BATILARAN EMMIE MARIE S. SEBUCAO

Accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for Research I, STEP,

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and ENGINEERING PROGRAM

MATERIALS AND METHODS………………………………………………………..

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS………………………………………………

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ………………………………….

CURRICULUM VITAE ………………………………………………………

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and ENGINEERING PROGRAM

Table Title Page

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and ENGINEERING PROGRAM

Figure Title Page

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and ENGINEERING PROGRAM

(Abstract includes the following: Purpose of the study, Process/procedures,

Spacing must be 2.0, justify)

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and ENGINEERING PROGRAM

Background of the Study

readers to see at a glance the entire contents of the research work.

1. Presentation of the problem. The first paragraph is intended to provide the

problem is all about. It introduces the study and its justification.

circumstances and the coverage of the study.

accompany and determine the purpose of the study.

and interest of the readers to know the results of the study.)

Statement of the Problem

problem should be stated in the infinitive to (action words in research) such as

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and ENGINEERING PROGRAM

(A hypothesis is a tentative conclusion or answer to a specific question raised at the

beginning of the investigation. It is an educated guess about the answer to a specific

Guidelines in the Formulation of Explicit Hypotheses.

1. In experimental investigations, hypotheses have to be explicit, they have to be

expressed. They have to be expressed also in comparative and correlational

2. In descriptive and historical investigations, hypotheses are seldom expressed

have their own respective hypotheses. Consequently, no research is

conducted without any hypothesis at all.

hypothesis is easier that a hypothesis in the operational form. Testing

hypothesis simply means gathering data to answer it.

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and ENGINEERING PROGRAM

HO: (Null Hypothesis-negative statement)

HA: (Alternative Hypothesis-positive statement)

Significance of the Study

problem to be undertaken. It is where the significant contributions may be viewed

administrators, parents, teachers, students, planners, decision-makers, legislators,

politicians, implementers, practitioners, the family, the government, the community

contributions to the accumulations and discovery of knowledge, solving a problem

and refinement of concepts and theories, improvement of research instruments and

methods and meeting the priorities of the institution.

What should be included in the importance of the study?

The rationale, timeliness and relevance of the study to existing conditions/situations

2. What motivated the researchers to conduct the study?

3. The possible solutions to existing problems or improvement to unsatisfactory

conditions Show the individuals, groups, or communities who maybe placed in a

more advantageous on account of the study