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Checkpoint Mathematics
Practicebook 8
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Answers to Practice Book exercises
Share this1 Integers,
document powers and roots

1 a 3

F Exercise 1.1
Facebook
b −10
Arithmetic with integers
c −10 d 5
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e −6
2 a −3 b −10 c 6 d 4 e −13
3 a −4 b −10 c −50 d −10 e −13

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4 a 10 b 13 c −5 d 6 e 25
5 a −3 b −1 c 1
6 × −3 −1 2 5
−3 Email
9 3 −6 −15
−1 3 1 −2 −5
2 −6 −2 4 10
5 −15 −5 10 25
Did 7you find this
a −10 b −8 document
c 11 useful?
d −7 e 2
8 −30 ÷ 6 = −5 and −30 ÷ −5 = 6
9 −5 times −5 is 25.
10 They could be: 1 and −16; −1 and 16; 2 and −8; −2 and 8; −4 and 4.
11 a −10 b −3 c −5 d 7

F Exercise 1.2 Multiples, factors and primes

1 a 12, 24, 36 b 15, 30, 45 c 32, 64, 96 d 50, 100, 150
Is this content inappropriate?
2 a 40 b 8 and 12
Report this
c 9
Document
d 23
3 41, 43, 47
4 a 96, 98 and 100 b 95 and 100 c 100 d 100 e 97 f 96
5 No. 67 is prime but 57 is not because 3 and 19 are factors.
6 a True. 84 = 7 × 12. b False. 75 and 90 are multiples of 15 but not 75. c True. It is 97.
d False. It is 18. e False. It is 25.
7 a 12 b 60 c 100 d 42
8 a 1, 3, 9, 27 b 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 28 c 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 72 d 1, 2, 41, 82 e 1, 31
9 a 2 b 2 and 3 c 2, 5 and 7 d 3 and 11 e 19
10 a 3 b 6 c 12 d 1
11 Because 17 is a factor of each of them. If 221 was prime, the only factors would be 1 and 221.
12 There are lots of possible answers. One is 4 and 9. Another is 10 and 21.

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Unit 1 Answers to Practice Book exercises

F Exercise 1.3 More about prime numbers

1 a 88 b 135 c 260

8 11 9 15 26 10

2 4 3 3 3 5 2 13 2 5

2 2

2 a Several trees are possible. The end numbers are always 2, 2, 2, 2, 5. b 24 × 5

3 a 450 b 432 c 484
4 a 2×3 b 2² × 3² × 5 × 7
5 a i 2³ × 3 × 5 ii 25 × 5 b 480 c 40
6 a 12 b 672
7 a 52 b 312
8 24 × 54
9 a The only common factor of two prime numbers is 1. b Multiply the two primes together.
10 a 34 b 2 × 7 × 11 c They have no prime factors in common.

F Exercise 1.4 Powers and roots

1 a 8 b 27 c 64 d 125 e 1000
2 a 16 b 81 c 256 d 10 000
3 a 8 b 6
4 a 0 b −100
5 a 1 and −1 b 6 and −6 c 13 and −13 d 16 and −16 e 19 and −19
− 1 = 52 + 5 + 1
3 3
3 −
1 27 −
1 26 5
6 a = =
= 13 and 3² + 3 + 1 = 9 + 3 + 1 = 13 b Both equal 21. c
2 2 2 4
7 a 64 b 16
8 a 11 b 17 c 20 d 1
9 a 2 b 5 c 3 d 10
10 a 14 641 b 11
11 One of the square roots of 25 is −5. That is less that both the square roots of 16, which are 4 and −4.

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Answers to Practice Book exercises

2 Sequences, expressions and formulae

F Exercise 2.1 Generating sequences

1 a 3, 5, 7 b 2, 0, −2 c 3, 8, 13 d −1, −6, −11 e −10, 10, 30 f −100, −120, −140
2 35. Check students’ explanations, e.g. start with 10 and add 5 five times (or 5 × 5).
3 195. Check students’ explanations, e.g. start with 5 and add 10 nineteen times (or 10 × 19).
4 7. Check students’ explanations, e.g. start with 23 and subtract 4 four times (or −4 × 4).
5 20. Check students’ explanations, e.g. start with 35 and subtract 3 five times (or −3 × 5).
6 40. Check students’ explanations, e.g. start with 20 and add 4 five times (or 4 × 5).
7 10. Check students’ explanations, e.g. the term-to-term rule is ‘add 3’, so start with 16 and subtract 3 twice
(or −3 × 2).
8
Position number 1 2 4 8 50

Term 0 1 3 7 49

9 a 2, 4, 6, 8 b 11, 12, 13, 14 c 5, 7, 9, 11 d 1, 4, 7, 11

10 a i 110 ii 120 b i 100 ii 200
c i 60 ii 110 d i 40 ii 90
11 C. Sequences A, B, C and D all give the correct third term, but only C gives the correct eighth term.

F Exercise 2.2 Finding rules for sequences

1 a i ‘add 3’ iii 3 × position number
b i ‘add 2’ iii 2 × position number + 1
c i ‘add 6’ iii 6 × position number − 3
2 a term = 6 × position number
b term = 3 × position number + 4
c term = 10 × position number − 2
3 a i ‘add 1’ iii term = position number + 1
b i ‘add 1’ iii term = position number + 11
c i ‘add 1’ iii term = position number + 21
4 a term = position number + 4
b term = position number + 24
c term = position number + 124
5 a 7, 10, 13, 16 b ‘add 3’
c Three extra grey squares are added to get the next pattern (or term).
d term = 3 × position number + 4
6 a b term = 2 × position number + 1

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Unit 2 Answers to Practice Book exercises

F Exercise 2.3 Using the nth term

1 a 5, 6, 7; 14 b 2, 4, 6; 20 c 6, 8, 10; 24
d −1, 0, 1; 8 e 3, 6, 9; 30 f 1, 4, 7; 28
2 a 3, 5, 7, 9
b ‘add 2’
c Two extra grey circles are added to get the next pattern (or term).
d term = 2 × position number + 1
e 2nd term = 2 × 2 + 1 = 5; 3rd term = 2 × 3 + 1 = 7; 4th term = 2 × 4 + 1 = 9
3 a Three extra grey squares are added to get the next pattern (or term).
b term = 3 × position number − 2
4 a Check students’ explanations, e.g. he put n + 3, it should have been 3 × n and he should have
put +1 at the end, not +3.
b 3n + 1

F Exercise 2.4 Using functions and mappings

1 a i ii
x 1 2 3 4 x 5 6 7 8
y 6 7 8 9 y 0 1 2 3

b i x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

y 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

ii x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

y 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

c i y=x+5 ii y = x − 5
2 a i ii
x 1 2 3 4 x 2 5 10 20

y 7 9 11 13 y 1 7 17 37

iii x 2 6 10 30
iv x 5 10 40 50

y 11 13 15 25 y −2 −1 5 7
x x
b i y = 2x + 5 ii y = 2x − 3 iii y = + 10 iv y = −
3
2 5

x
3 a i ‘subtract 5’ ii ‘divide by 2’ b i y=x−5 ii y =

4 y = 2x + 5. Check students’ explanations.

5 Maha. Check students’ explanations, e.g. all of Maha’s work, but only one of Hassan’s works.
6 y = 5x − 3. Check students’ explanations.

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Answers to Practice Book exercises Unit 2

F Exercise 2.5 Constructing linear expressions

3c 3
1 a c−2 b c + 10 c c
d or c e 2c + 5
2 4 4
n
2 a 2n + 7 b + 6
3

3 a $(4f + r) b $(12f + 3s + 2r)

4 D. Check students’ explanations, e.g. to multiply n + 4 by 3 the n + 4 must be in brackets.
5 2(n – 5)

F Exercise 2.6 Deriving and using formulae

1 a 10 b 2 c −9 d −7
e −2 f 7 g 25 h −2
i −22 j −2 k −5 l 12
2 a 10 b −6 c 25 d −11
e 48 f 501 g 8 h 640
i 6 j −25 k 32 l 100
m 19 n −40
3 a i number of seconds = 60 × number of minutes ii s = 60m
b 1800
4 64
5 8
6 24
7 Neither. Volume of pyramid A = 32 cm3, volume of pyramid B = 32 cm 3.
8 477.25 = 12.55 h + 38

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Answers to Practice Book exercises

3 Place value, ordering and rounding

F Exercise 3.1 Multiplying and dividing by 0.1 and 0.01

1 a i 100 ii one hundred b i 10 000 ii ten thousand
c i 100 000 000 ii one hundred million d i 1 000 000 000 ii one billion
2 a 101 b 106 c 103 d 107
3 a 3.3 b 99.9 c 3 d 0.87
e 0.77 f 0.7 g 7 h 0.07
4 a 50 b 56 c 556 d 5.5
e 500 f 560 g 5560 h 55
5 a 2.7 b 0.279 c 2 d 270
6 a ÷ b × c ÷ d × e ÷ f ×
7 a 0.1 b 0.1 c 0.01 d 0.1 e 0.01 f 0.01
8 D
9 2.34
10 a 0.1, as 0.1 ÷ 0.1 = 1 b Use any number smaller than 1.00.

F Exercise 3.2 Ordering decimals

1 a 3.76, 6.07, 7.36, 7.63 b 3.08, 5.99, 8.03, 8.11
c 19.42, 19.44, 23.05, 23.4 d 1.08, 1.18, 1.3, 2.11
e 45.399, 45.454, 45.545, 45.933 f 5.009, 5.077, 5.183, 50.44
g 31.14, 31.148, 31.41, 31.425 h 7.02, 7.052, 7.2, 7.502
2 a 0.2 cm, 7 mm, 27 mm, 4.3 cm b 19.5 mm, 29 cm, 34.5 cm, 500 mm
c 2000 g, 3 kg, 5550 g, 75.75 kg d 0.9 kg, 1.75 kg, 1800 g, 1975 g
e 100 ml, 0.125 l, 150 ml, 0.2 l f 0.05 km, 999 m, 2750 m, 25 km
g 200 g, 50 000 g, 57.725 kg, 359 999 g, 500 kg, 0.75 t, 850 kg, 1.001 t
3 a < b > c > d > e > f < g < h > i >
j < k > l <
4 a ≠ b = c ≠ d ≠ e = f ≠ g = h ≠ i ≠

5 a 32 km, since it’s much further than the rest. 1.6 m, since it’s only about two steps.
b No. 0.5 km × 10 = 5 km, but her furthest is only 4 km.
c Honesty. All her distances are multiples of 250 m; most of Frank’s are not.
6 1.23, 1.32, 2.13, 2.31, 3.12, 3.21, 12.3, 13.2, 21.3, 23.1, 31.2, 32.1

F Exercise 3.3 Rounding

1 a 10 b 430 c 500 d 300 e 8000
f 35 000 g 70 000 h 350 000 i 800 000
j 37 500 000 k 37 000 000 l 89 000 000
2 a 83 b 60 c 0 d 523.8 e 37.3 f 1.0
g 0.05 h 2.73 i 60.00
3 a B b C c A d B e B f C
4 a No. This is to one decimal place; the correct answer is 17.
b Correct c Correct d No. Forgot to change the 5 to a 6, answer is 46.00.
e No. Did not round up, answer is 40.0.

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Unit 3 Answers to Practice Book exercises

F Exercise 3.4 Adding and subtracting decimals

1 a 14.72 b 65.65 c 13.52 d 21.1
e 6.15 f 86.267 g 33.197 h 22.179
2 a 3.12 b 19.22 c 41.18 d 14.99
e 5.9 f 40.11 g 11.77 h 3.655
3 a 31.7 b 34.7 c 48.45 d 37.78
4 93.24 m
5 Yes, 0.255 m > 0.23 m.

F Exercise 3.5 Dividing decimals

1 a 16.5 b 14.7 c 13.8 d 7.3 e 151.8
f 130.1 g 113.9 h 101.2 i 13.2
2 a 1.10 b 10.97 c 1.10 d 10.93 e 0.11
f 1.09 g 1.08 h 0.11 i 1.10
3 1.95 m
4 0.43 kg
5 7.43 cm
6 2.1 cm
7 $8.23
8 2.34 kg

F Exercise 3.6 Multiplying by decimals

1 a 4.29 × 3 × 10 should be 4.29 × 3 ÷ 10.
4.29 × 3 equals 12.87, not 12.67
b 1.287
2 a 0.08 = 80 ÷ 100 should be 0.08 = 8 ÷ 100.
31 × 80 ÷ 100 should be 31 × 8 ÷ 100.
b 2.48
3 a 0.46 b 0.819 c 2.424 d 2.425 e 0.2425
f 0.3744 g 0.252 h 0.584 i 5.616
4 a 10.8 b 19.2 c 25.2 d 244.8 e 2.5
f 0.26 g 0.72 h 1.4 i 20.3
5 a 7.38 b 1.036 c 1.316 d 0.046
6 0.2 × 43.6 = 8.72, 96.8 × 0.09 = 8.712, 8.72 > 8.712, so 0.2 × 43.6 is larger.
7 0.4 × 8491.3 m = 3396.52 m = 3.396 52 km = 3.4 km to one decimal place

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Answers to Practice Book exercises Unit 3

F Exercise 3.7 Dividing by decimals

1 a (24 × 4) ÷ 10 should be 24 × 10 ÷ 4.
b 60
2 a 0.06 = 0.6 ÷ 100 should be 0.06 = 6 ÷ 100.
(35.4 × 100) ÷ 0.6 should be (35.4 × 100) ÷ 6.
b 590
3 a 60 b 70 c 60 d 60 e 6
f 54 g 39 h 6 i 765
4 a 1100 b 900 c 700 d 300 e 20
f 60 g 7100 h 106 i 3780
5 a 58.8 b 31.8 c 29.38 d 20 433.33
6 12.46

F Exercise 3.8 Estimating and approximating

1 a 100 b 100 c 4 d 15 000
2 a i 600 + 400 = 1000 ii 1013 − 424 = 589
b i 70 − 50 = 20 ii 28 + 46 = 74
c i 900 ÷ 30 = 30 ii 29 × 32 = 928
d i 50 × 20 = 1000 ii 1128 ÷ 24 = 47
3 i $80 ii total trolleys collected = 401, 401 × $0.20 = $80.20 iv 20¢ = $ 51 , 400 × $ 15 = $80
4 a i $128 ii 3.5 × $28 = $98, add call-out fee $30, total $128
iv estimate $30 call-out fee + 3 hours at $30 per hour = $120
b i 1 hour and 15 minutes ii $65 − $30 (call-out fee) = $35, 35 ÷ 28 = 1.25 hours = 1 hour 15 minutes
5 i $2120 ii cash price $17 995, payment plan price = $4995 + 36 × $420 = $4995 + $15 120 = $20 115 and
$20 115 − $17 995 = $2120
iv estimate: first payment $5000 + 40 × $400 = $5000 + $16 000 = $21 000; difference $21 000 − $18 000 = $3000
6 i $19 118.75 ii total muffins = 70 × 5 × 46 = 16 100; payment = 16 100 ÷ 4 × 4.75 = $19 118.75
iv estimate: 400 muffins per week × 40 weeks = 16 000 per year; 16 000 is 4000 batches of 4 muffins;
4000 batches × $5 per batch = $20 000

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Answers to Practice Book exercises

4 Length, mass and capacity

✦ Exercise 4.1 Choosing suitable units

1 a m b cm (or mm) c t d g e ml f l
2 a km2 b cm2 c m3 d cm3
3 a T b F c T d F e F f F
4 No. Check students’ explanations, such as: a car is usually less tall than most adults and 2.5 m is much greater than
most adults’ heights.
5 Yes. Check students’ explanations, such as: some of my friends weigh about this much.
6 No. Check students’ explanations, such as: he could not walk as fast as 10 km per hour.
7 67.5 kg
8 10 kg
9 3–6 kg
10 a 6.5–7.5 m b 11–13 m

✦ Exercise 4.2 Kilometres and miles

1 a T b F c F d T e F
2 No, a kilometre is shorter than a mile.
3 a 10 miles b 32 ÷ 8 = 4, 4 × 5 = 20 miles c 80 ÷ 8 = 10, 10 × 5 = 50 miles
4 a 55 miles b 45 miles c 75 miles d 125 miles
5 a 24 km b 25 ÷ 5 = 5, 5 × 8 = 40 km c 55 ÷ 5 = 11, 11 × 8 = 88 km
6 a 48 km b 480 km c 72 km d 7200 km
7 128 km. 128 km = 80 miles and 75 miles = 120 km.
8 296 km. 180 miles = 288 km and 296 km = 185 miles.
9 a 65 miles b 152 km c, d 105 miles = 168 km, 304 km = 190 miles
10 $11 077.40, possibly rounded to $11 000 or $11 100

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Answers to Practice Book exercises

5 Angles

F Exercise 5.1 Parallel lines

1 a They are vertically opposite angles. b c

°
x
°
y

2 a = 75°, vertically opposite angles; b = 75°, corresponding to the given angle; c = 105°, angles on a straight line;
d = 105°, alternate angle to c.
3 a g and i b c and e
4 a i BEF ii DEB iii EBC b No
5 Lines l and n are parallel because corresponding angles (80° and 100°) are equal. The angles are not the same for
line m so that is not parallel to the other two.
6

t° s°

120°

s = 120°, vertically opposite angles; s = t, corresponding angles; hence t = 120°.

7 Yes. The angle vertically opposite 50° is also 50°. That angle and the 75° add up to 125° and that makes an angle
alternate to the 125° marked.
8
°
a

°
b
°
c
a = c, corresponding angles; b + c = 180°, angles on a straight line; hence a + c = 180°.

F Exercise 5.2 Exploring angle properties

There are alternative explanations for some of the answers in this exercise.
1 120°
2 Each one is 165°.
3 Angle WXV = angle XYZ, corresponding angles; angle VXZ = angle XZY, alternate angles; angles
WXV + VXZ + ZXY = 180°, angles on a straight line; hence angle X + angle Y + angle Z = 180°.
4 Alternate angles; alternate angles; angles on a straight line.
5 Divide the shape into two triangles. Show the angles of the two triangles are the same as the four
angles of the quadrilateral.
6 a = c + d, exterior angle; e = g + h, exterior angle; a + e + f + b = 360°, angles at a point;
hence c + d + g + h + f + b = 360° and these are the angles of PQRS.
7 a The six angles of the two triangles add up to 2 × 180 = 360°. The four angles A, B, C and D must total
less than 360°.
b The 120° angle is the exterior angle of both triangles. Angles at A and D add up to 120° and so do angles
at B and C. Hence A + B + C + D = 240°.

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Unit 5 Answers to Practice Book exercises

F Exercise 5.3 Solving angle problems

There are alternative explanations for many of the answers in this exercise.
1
° °
b c
°
a

a + b = 180°, angles on a straight line, so a = 180 − b; b + c = 180°, angles on a straight line, so c = 180 − b;
hence a and c are equal.
2 a ° ° ° °
x b a y
°
c
°
z

x = a + c, exterior angle; y = b + c, exterior angle; z = b + a, exterior angle; x + y + z = a + c + b + c + b + a =

2(a + b + c) = 2 × 180 = 360°.
b
°
°
x b
°
°
a w

° °
° °
d z y c
a + w = b + x = c + y = d + z = 180°, angles on a straight line; hence ( a + b + c + d) + (w + x + y + z) =
4 × 180 = 720°; but w + x + y + z = 360°, angles of a quadrilateral; Hence a + b + c + d = 720° – 360° = 360°.
3 A

w° x°
B

D y°
z°
C

a x = y, alternate angles; w = z, alternate angles; hence x + w = y + z or angle A = angle C.

b Prove that angle B = angle D in a similar way, by drawing the diagonal BD.
4 a = 110 – 40 = 70°, exterior angle of a triangle; b = 110 – 55 = 55°, exterior angle; c = 110 – 70 = 40°,
exterior angle.
5
x°y°
b°
a°

118° 74°

a = 118 – 74 = 44°, exterior angle; so x = 44°, vertically opposite angle.

b = 74°, alternate angle; y = 180 – 44 – 74 = 62°, angles on a straight line.
6 Divide the hexagon into two quadrilaterals by joining two opposite vertices. Show that the angles of the
quadrilaterals make the angles of the hexagon, so the angle sum is 2 × 360 = 720°.
7
°
a

°
b
°
c

c = a, corresponding angles; c + b = 180°, angles on a straight line; hence a + b = 180°.

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