Question 17

𝛛𝐇
For ideal gas the value of ( ) 𝐢𝐬
𝛛𝐏 𝐓

dH = TdS + VdP
∂H ∂S ∂P ∂S ∂S ∂V
( ) = T ( ) + V ( ) = T ( ) + V but ( ) = − ( )
∂P T ∂P T ∂P T ∂P T ∂P T ∂T P
∂H ∂V
⇒( ) = V− T( )
∂P T ∂T P
∂V R
For ideal gas PV = RT ⇒( ) =
∂T P P
∂H ∂V R RT
⇒ ( ) = V − T ( ) = V − T ( ) but P =
∂P T ∂T P P V

∂H
⇒( ) =V−V=0
∂P T
Question 18
𝐂𝐩 = 𝐂𝐕 𝐰𝐡𝐞𝐧
CV R
dS = dT + dV … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . (1)
T V
CP R
dS = dT − dV … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (2)
T P
eqn(1) = eqn(2)
CV R CP R
⇒ dT + dV = dT − dP
T V T P
RT RT
(CP − CV )dT = dV + dP
V P
At constant pressure, dP = 0
∂T RT ∂V
(CP − CV ) ( ) = ( ) +0
∂T P V ∂T P
1 ∂V
⇒ CP − CV = RT [ ( ) ]
V ∂T P
1 ∂V
When the expression for coefficient of volume expansion, β = ( ) =0
V ∂T P
(CP − CV ) = 0 ⇒ CP = CV
Question 19
At 35oC, the pressure of saturated steam is 5628Pa and the enthalpy of vaporization is
𝟐𝟒𝟐𝟏. 𝟖𝟔 𝐤𝐉𝐤𝐠 −𝟏 . Assuming that the enthalpy of vaporization is essentially constant over this
temperature range, the pressure of the steam at 40oC is
P2 Hfg 1 1
Using the Clausius Clapeyron equation, ln ( ) = ( − )
P1 R T1 T2
The parameters are given from the question as follows
P1 = 5628Pa; P2 =; ? T1 = 35o C = 308.15K; T2 = 40o C = 313.15K;
Hfg = 2421.86 kJkg −1 M(steam) = 18kg/kmol
8.314kJ/kmol. K
R = 8.314kJ/kmol. K = = 0.461889kJkg −1 K −1
18kg/kmol
P2 2421.86 1 1
⇒ ln ( )= ( − )
5628 0.461889 308.15 313.15
⇒ P2 = 7384.9184 Pa
Question 20
Calculate the volume of a 0.25 litres of ethanol and 0.75 litres of water at 15 oC. Partial molar
volume of ethanol in the mixture, V= 58.01cc/mole; Vwater = 16.7 cc/mole
Molar mass of water= 18 molar mass of ethanol= 46 density of water=1gm/cc density of ethanol=
0.79gm/cc
Volume of ethanol = 0.25𝑙 = 250cm3
Volume of water = 0.75𝑙 = 750cm3
methanol = (ρethanol )(Vethanol ) = 0.79(250) = 197.5g
mwater = (ρwater )(Vwater ) = 1(750) = 750g
m 750
nwater = = = 41.6667mol
Mr 18
m 197.5
nethanol = = = 4.2870mol
Mr 46
VT = Σ(mole of each component)(partial molar volume of the component)
VT = (41.6667)(16.7) + (4.2870)(58.01) = 944.52276cm3 = 0.944𝑙
TURKSON JOSHUA NSIAH
PETROLEUM ENGINEERING II