Instruments

Musical

DYLAN XANDER C. CARMINOTES

GRADE 4 - SAMPAGUITA SSES
MAPEH - MUSIC
MRS. GLAIZA BITARMOS
Chordophones
Chordophones are instruments with strings.
The strings may be struck with sticks,
plucked with the bare fingers or a plectrum,
bowed or (in the Aeolian harp, for instance)
sounded by wind. The confusing plenitude of
stringed instruments can be reduced to four
fundamental type: zithers, lutes, lyres, and
harps.
 Chordophones
Violin
Violin, a stringed musical instrument of treble
pitch, played with a horsehair bow. The classical
European violin was developed in the 16th
century. It has four strings and a body of
characteristic rounded shape, narrowed at the
middle and with two f-shaped sound holes.
 Chordophones
Viola
The viola is a string instrument that is usually
bowed. Slightly larger than a violin, it has a
lower and deeper sound. Since the 18th century,
it has been the middle or alto voice of the violin
family, between the violin and the cello. The
strings from low to high are typically tuned to
C₃, G₃, D₄, and A₄.
 Chordophones
Cello
The cello, or violoncello, is a bowed string
instrument of the violin family. Its four strings
are usually tuned in perfect fifths: from low to
high, C₂, G₂, D₃ and A₃. The viola's four strings
are each an octave higher.
 Chordophones
Kudyapi
The kutiyapi, or kudyapi, is a Philippine two-
stringed, fretted boat-lute. It is four to six feet
long with nine frets made of hardened beeswax.
The instrument is carved out of solid soft wood
such as that from the jackfruit tree.
 Chordophones
Hegelung
The hegelung is a wooden two-stringed lute
played by the Tboli, an animist ethnolinguistic
group of southern Mindanao in the Philippines.
The instrument is tall and slender, with nine frets.
One string is used as a drone, and the other for
melodic ornamentation.
 Chordophones
Rondalla
The rondalla is an ensemble of stringed
instruments played with the plectrum or pick
and generally known as plectrum instruments.
It originated in Medieval Spain, especially in the
ancient Crown of Aragon: Catalonia, Aragon,
Murcia, and Valencia. The tradition was later
taken to Spanish America and the Philippines.
 Aerophones
An aerophone is a musical instrument that
produces sound primarily by causing a body
of air to vibrate, without the use of strings or
membranes, and without the vibration of
the instrument itself adding considerably to
the sound.
 Aerophones
Trumpet
The trumpet is a brass instrument commonly
used in classical and jazz ensembles. The
trumpet group ranges from the piccolo trumpet
—with the highest register in the brass family—to
the bass trumpet, pitched one octave below the
♭
standard B or C trumpet.
 Aerophones
Saxophone
The saxophone is a type of single-reed
woodwind instrument with a conical body,
usually made of brass. As with all single-reed
instruments, sound is produced when a reed on
a mouthpiece vibrates to produce a sound
wave inside the instrument's body.
 Aerophones
Trombone
The trombone is a musical instrument in the
brass family. As with all brass instruments, sound
is produced when the player's vibrating lips
cause the air column inside the instrument to
vibrate.
 Aerophones
French Horn
The French horn is a brass instrument made of
tubing wrapped into a coil with a flared bell. The
♭
double horn in F/B is the horn most often used
by players in professional orchestras and
bands, although the descant and triple horn
have become increasingly popular.
 Aerophones
Tuba
The tuba is the largest and lowest-pitched
musical instrument in the brass family. As with
all brass instruments, the sound is produced by
lip vibration – a buzz – into a mouthpiece.
 Woodwind
Woodwind instruments are a family of
musical instruments within the greater
category of wind instruments. Common
examples include flute, clarinet, oboe,
bassoon, and saxophone. There are two
main types of woodwind instruments: flutes
and reed instruments.
 Woodwind
Flute
he flute is a member of a family of musical
instruments in the woodwind group. Like all
woodwinds, flutes are aerophones, producing
sound with a vibrating column of air. Unlike
woodwind instruments with reeds, a flute
produces sound when the player's air flows
across an opening.
 Woodwind
Clarinet
The clarinet is a single-reed musical instrument
in the woodwind family, with a nearly cylindrical
bore and a flared bell. Clarinets comprise a
family of instruments of differing sizes and
pitches. The clarinet family is the largest
woodwind family, ranging from the BB ♭
♭
contrabass to the E soprano.
 Woodwind
Oboe
The oboe is a type of double-reed woodwind
instrument. Oboes are usually made of wood,
but may also be made of synthetic materials,
such as plastic, resin, or hybrid composites.
 Woodwind
Bassoon
The bassoon is a musical instrument in the
woodwind family, which plays in the tenor and
bass ranges. It is composed of six pieces, and
is usually made of wood. It is known for its
distinctive tone color, wide range, versatility,
and virtuosity.
 Kawayan
Bamboo Musical Instruments
Bamboo's natural hollow form makes it an
obvious choice for many musical
instruments. In South and South East Asia,
traditional uses of bamboo the instrument
include various types of woodwind
instruments, such as flutes, and devices like
xylophones and organs, which require
resonating sections.
 Kawayan
Saggeypo
Saggeypo is a variation of the well-known pan
flute or panpipes. It is made of bamboo, with
one end closed with bamboo nodes. It does not
have finger holes (or tone holes) like other
popular aerophones, such as flutes.
 Kawayan
Tongali
The tongali is a four holed nose flute (one hole
in the back) from northern Philippines and
played by the Kalinga and other peoples of
Luzon.
 Kawayan
Palendag
The palendag, also called Pulalu, Palandag,
Pulala and Lumundeg is a type of Philippine
bamboo flute, the largest one used by the
Maguindanaon, a smaller type of this
instrument is called the Hulakteb.
 Kawayan
Paldong
It is an open, single end-blown flute. The lower
end of the flute has three fingerholes. The
instrument is made from bamboo with its upper
edge cut away obliquely from the backside and
slightly from the front-side. The paldong is open
at both ends, with a total of four fingerholes:
three in front, and one at the back.
chordophones Kawayan

violin Saggeypo
viola longali
cello palendag
kudyapi paldong
Hegelung
Rondalla

aerophones woodwind

Trumpet flute
trombone clarinet
french horn oboe
saxophone saxophone
tuba bassoon
 Instruments
Musical

DYLAN XANDER C. CARMINOTES

GRADE 4 - SAMPAGUITA SSES
MAPEH - MUSIC
MRS. GLAIZA BITARMOS
Chordophones
Hello
 Chordophones
Violin
Violin, a bowed stringed instrument having four strings
tuned at intervals of a fifth and a usual range from G
below middle C upward for more than 4 1/2 octaves and
having a shallow body, shoulders at right angles to the
neck, a fingerboard without frets, and a curved bridge.
 Chordophones
Viola
The viola is a string instrument that is usually
bowed. Slightly larger than a violin, it has a
lower and deeper sound. Since the 18th century,
it has been the middle or alto voice of the violin
family, between the violin and the cello. The
strings from low to high are typically tuned to
C₃, G₃, D₄, and A₄.
 Chordophones
Cello
The cello, or violoncello, is a bowed string
instrument of the violin family. Its four strings
are usually tuned in perfect fifths: from low to
high, C₂, G₂, D₃ and A₃. The viola's four strings
are each an octave higher.
 Chordophones
Kudyapi
The kutiyapi, or kudyapi, is a Philippine two-
stringed, fretted boat-lute. It is four to six feet
long with nine frets made of hardened beeswax.
The instrument is carved out of solid soft wood
such as that from the jackfruit tree.
 Chordophones
Hegelung
The hegelung is a wooden two-stringed lute
played by the Tboli, an animist ethnolinguistic
group of southern Mindanao in the Philippines.
The instrument is tall and slender, with nine frets.
One string is used as a drone, and the other for
melodic ornamentation.
 Chordophones
Rondalla
The rondalla is an ensemble of stringed
instruments played with the plectrum or pick
and generally known as plectrum instruments.
It originated in Medieval Spain, especially in the
ancient Crown of Aragon: Catalonia, Aragon,
Murcia, and Valencia. The tradition was later
taken to Spanish America and the Philippines.
 Aerophones
An aerophone is a musical instrument that
produces sound primarily by causing a body
of air to vibrate, without the use of strings or
membranes, and without the vibration of
the instrument itself adding considerably to
the sound.
 Aerophones
Trumpet
The trumpet is a brass instrument commonly
used in classical and jazz ensembles. The
trumpet group ranges from the piccolo trumpet
—with the highest register in the brass family—to
the bass trumpet, pitched one octave below the
♭
standard B or C trumpet.
 Aerophones
Saxophone
The saxophone is a type of single-reed
woodwind instrument with a conical body,
usually made of brass. As with all single-reed
instruments, sound is produced when a reed on
a mouthpiece vibrates to produce a sound
wave inside the instrument's body.
 Aerophones
Trombone
The trombone is a musical instrument in the
brass family. As with all brass instruments, sound
is produced when the player's vibrating lips
cause the air column inside the instrument to
vibrate.
 Aerophones
French Horn
The French horn is a brass instrument made of
tubing wrapped into a coil with a flared bell. The
♭
double horn in F/B is the horn most often used
by players in professional orchestras and
bands, although the descant and triple horn
have become increasingly popular.
 Aerophones
Tuba
The tuba is the largest and lowest-pitched
musical instrument in the brass family. As with
all brass instruments, the sound is produced by
lip vibration – a buzz – into a mouthpiece.
 Woodwind
Woodwind instruments are a family of
musical instruments within the greater
category of wind instruments. Common
examples include flute, clarinet, oboe,
bassoon, and saxophone. There are two
main types of woodwind instruments: flutes
and reed instruments.
 Woodwind
Flute
he flute is a member of a family of musical
instruments in the woodwind group. Like all
woodwinds, flutes are aerophones, producing
sound with a vibrating column of air. Unlike
woodwind instruments with reeds, a flute
produces sound when the player's air flows
across an opening.
 Woodwind
Clarinet
The clarinet is a single-reed musical instrument
in the woodwind family, with a nearly cylindrical
bore and a flared bell. Clarinets comprise a
family of instruments of differing sizes and
pitches. The clarinet family is the largest
woodwind family, ranging from the BB ♭
♭
contrabass to the E soprano.
 Woodwind
Oboe
The oboe is a type of double-reed woodwind
instrument. Oboes are usually made of wood,
but may also be made of synthetic materials,
such as plastic, resin, or hybrid composites.
 Woodwind
Bassoon
The bassoon is a musical instrument in the
woodwind family, which plays in the tenor and
bass ranges. It is composed of six pieces, and
is usually made of wood. It is known for its
distinctive tone color, wide range, versatility,
and virtuosity.
 Kawayan
Bamboo Musical Instruments
Bamboo's natural hollow form makes it an
obvious choice for many musical
instruments. In South and South East Asia,
traditional uses of bamboo the instrument
include various types of woodwind
instruments, such as flutes, and devices like
xylophones and organs, which require
resonating sections.
 Kawayan
Saggeypo
Saggeypo is a variation of the well-known pan
flute or panpipes. It is made of bamboo, with
one end closed with bamboo nodes. It does not
have finger holes (or tone holes) like other
popular aerophones, such as flutes.
 Kawayan
Tongali
The tongali is a four holed nose flute (one hole
in the back) from northern Philippines and
played by the Kalinga and other peoples of
Luzon.
 Kawayan
Palendag
The palendag, also called Pulalu, Palandag,
Pulala and Lumundeg is a type of Philippine
bamboo flute, the largest one used by the
Maguindanaon, a smaller type of this
instrument is called the Hulakteb.
 Kawayan
Paldong
It is an open, single end-blown flute. The lower
end of the flute has three fingerholes. The
instrument is made from bamboo with its upper
edge cut away obliquely from the backside and
slightly from the front-side. The paldong is open
at both ends, with a total of four fingerholes:
three in front, and one at the back.