Chuyinti1: Nge am

-
that dan nhan
-

-tion:nhan' truo's tion

education, vacation, nation

ology:nhantrino
-

biology, ecology, technology, archeology

~ /
-
a cian
cian:nhan tru

musician, politician, technician

-
er:nhan' tren er

enginer, volunteer, pioneer

ic:nhan trucsis
~
-

historic, statistics, politics -ngoai

chuyen de 2:Tuiwing >

Chuyen de 3:
Ngt phap
-
Tenses:

Tense Simple continuous perfect perfect continuous

am
Present have, have been
VoIVS IS
-King
has
Ve Uing
are

past ver was

had ve had been V-ing
were
Ving
Future will Vo will be u-ing will have ved will have been
Ving
In
*
y-sy hop thi:
how

When I(sel) see Lan tomorrow, I(tell) will tell her the news.

minh a th. gian

-
Minh
S
dethgian 8auathisminh de chinnchi laauden.
-
Minh
I
deth. gian:hietai minh de chinn in hin tai/tiding lai
-

Minh the gian

de
thing chia tucing lai.

· have ve since wed

by the time ved had ve
No-will have ued
This the
is firsttime +
I have Ved
-
Modals:S +
modal V
+

-
Modals:

must-phal- You must

obey your parents.
-chai -
The lightis on. She must study.
·

mustn't-thing dic -
you mustn't tell a lie.

have to-phal- we have to study hard to deadline.

mut

don'thave to =
needn't) thing can phan-You don'thave to finish the food if
you don'tlike.
-

should 2:ought tol-nin-You should go to bed

early.
can -
cothe -
I can ride a bike.
is the
- I
could -
could cook when Iwas 18

may
-
the-
is Look at the sky. Itmay rain Mater.
->
Modal perfect:

ve-chathan
>

da You were the winner. You must have studied hard.

-

·
must have -

↳ sy say e van trong S

eni
and

should have ved-lira nen-you should have

↳ a Chuyen
trong aua hi
couldn't have ved-thing thenao
↳
I hitean Iava tha
3

·medn'thave ved-thing can phas -

There were 3 people. You needn'thave boughtso much food.

↳ d
didn'tneed to
v-thing can pha
↳,
hu
ding S

- Tinh Hi, trang Hi, And

can so sant
- Tin Fus:
· ThisIn chl tin chat:size -

general description -

age-shape -
colour -
material -

origin
-

purpose

Ex:two small black kittens / a small square room

· tinh
Khi nhit # cing nham-ding das phaydi ngan cach:a soft, comfortable chair/ a bright, churful smile

hihaitin finh f nao

# col do dai Aricing cucing thi dung truc ing duck:a peaceful, happy place
·
Tinh th tancing-ed hos-ing: S

Ding ite'chi tinh char c a nguri, vat, so rat-ing

·

Ding o : chi camxu', an thing ve mitfinn chatno do-ed.

-
Trang :
·
ViIn trang cau:dan cau, gua zan, can can

can-bo
·Dan righta cho can
·
Gan an-chitan suai, mid do-tricding A chink
was can -

gian, thesach,
chi the neichen
Ex:Naturally, we all hope for good news.

We are
naturally hope for good news.

hope for
we all good news, naturally.
- So sanh:
·
so sann nan

·
So sinh nhat
· so bang "as as ..."
sann ...

Bang: +adj/adv+ as
as

Iching bang:not asIso Ainht/trang ths +

as
+

·Is the dung Awice, half tricks as ...

as

chiding three times, four times, ...

+
adj'adv-so sanh hen.

·
so sank kip:SSH+ and +
sst

Ex:the earlier she leaves, the sooner she will arrive.

The more you study, the more knowledge you gain.

Theb.
-

dong
+ Hinh this:

Active:S V
+ +
0

Passive: S be pp
by 0
+ + +

·voicing th need:need +
to -infinitive -> need to be PP
 voi
dong th theosaw to -infinitive / gerund
·

e
passive

verb to -infinitive verb to be PP

verb
gerund verb
being PP

verb to have +PD verb to have been Pp

verb PP verb have been PP

having
· vo!dong i chi gicsquan

Active Passive

verb +
0 + bare infinitive be pp to -infinitive

be Pp
verb 0
gerund gerund
+
+

voican T make v et
I
·

Active Passive

make 0 + +
bare infinitive be made to infinitive

let 0-bare infinitive

+
be allowed to infinitive

·
can insbad

Active Passive

s.0 to ST have Si done 5.0

have
by
3.0 to do S.T S.T done S.O
get yet by

valcons tincingthuart,baytoisnice.e
·

Bing t n chi'him:think, believe, consider, expert, fel, ...

Dang Active passive

I

1 people. They U+(that)

+
+S +
Uc It be pp +
that s
+
Ve
+

2 People/They Un
+
(that) + S V2 S be PP(U,1 + tO V2
+
+

to be PP

to be Vz-ing
to have PP

to have been PD

Reported Stech:

+Minh eeth:"Vo..."
3 St told 0 tov
+

not to V

-
Phat biri: S +v
I said that
+s+ vilui thil
told O that

-can hoi: "(WhI do + s+V?

I I asked 8 - Wh
1 s v>
+
lin this
-

it

-
Tr. hop long hinthi:

Hing t h ticing thuat:say, tell, asked hi tai

-
...

-Notathathiahien

-Bing t trong a
can
ding t hi in thugit:could, would, might, oughtto, had to, used to

ichi
-

dong Inthi: Pastcontinuous, Pastperfect, pastperfectcontinuous, simple past

ithim vai motthatgian the
on

hin
"
-hi ticing thatminh deas mun', zau den lociI, nowI va can tric It's (high timel
·
conditional sentences

It cause unless:
Types Main clause it not
-

... ...

Presentreal S +
VIUs St will vo incase
vedz
+

presentunreal + were St would Vo with, with for

out, but

Past unreal s +had ves St would have ve

Mixed type S- had +
red St would vo
-
Inversion

S V....
-Loc 1:Should + +

-Low 2:Were +S....... Were +S+tOU...

-Louis:Had + s+ve.... Had St not +ve...

-
subjunctive mood

I suggest that vo/ should Vo

- s +

is
It that I should
necessary s+
v,
-
vo
+

essential
important