Name: ___________

LAB #:
DATE: 28 November, ‘23
TOPIC:ACID/BASES
AIM: to investigate the different indicators on some household substances and to determine their pH of using
universal indicator.
MATERIALS: Sample substances: juice, liquid soap, sweet soap, water, reagents: methyl orange,
phenolphthalein, methyl orange, universal indicator.
1. Measure and pour 1cm3 of sweet soap mixture and pour in a test tube and add 2 drops of methylene
orange observe and record observations in the table.
2. Repeat step one with another 2cm3of the sample substance but using methyl orange, phenolphthalein
and universal indicator respectively, tabulate observations.
3. Repeat procedures 1-2 for the other sample substances respectively.
OBSERVATIONS/RESULTS:
TABLE SHOWING HOUSEHOLD SUBSTANCES ANALYSED
Name of substance Colour change Predicted pH Actual pH

DISCUSSION: (THE QUESTIONS BELOW ARE TO ASSIT YOUR IN COMPLETING YOUR DISCUSSION
Introduction paragraph:
☞What are indicators used for: what is the difference between universal indicator and the other indicators?
1. Does the addition of water alter the pH of weak acids/bases? How does it change the pH of
strong acids? Why or why not?
2. How does a difference in 1 pH unit change in terms of H+ concentration? Example: How does a pH of 3
differ from pH of 4? Which one is stronger or weaker? Why?
3. Look at the samples you analysed, does the experimental results match the actual pH values? If not
identify at least one error/limitation that may have contributed to this difference.
4. Look at the samples you analysed. Which one had the highest pH level? What does this tell us about the
substance
5. Look at the samples you analysed. Which one had the lowest pH level? What does this tell us about the
substance
APPLICATIONS QUESTIONS TO INCLUDE IN YOUR DISCUSSION.
1. Neutralization occurs When you mix an acid with a base, they neutralize each other. If this is the case, why
is Alka -Seltzer used to treat stomach aches? (Note: excess stomach acids cause stomach aches)
2. What is acid rain, how does it form and how is it a problem to oceans, rivers, lakes, ponds ect.?

CONCLUSION
REFLECTION: