Design Calculation for Open Drain Sump

Rev : 0
Document No. XXIN27-01-CAL-A4-01 Project No. XXIN27

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 PURPOSE

2 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

3 LIST OF ATTACHMENTS

4 DESIGN BASIS

5 MATERIALS

6 LAYOUT & SKETCHES

7 DESIGN INPUT DATA

8 LOADS & LOAD COMBINATIONS

9 DESIGN OF WALLS

10 DESIGN OF BASE SLAB

PC1529601 R0 CONT.
PC1529601 R0 CONT.
 DESIGN CALCULATION FOR OPEN DRAIN SUMP

1 PURPOSE
The purpose of this calculation document is to design the open drain sump for the geometry provided and
which also satisfy the Civil & Structural Design Basis and the relevant standards as referred.

2 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
Client Documents
DOC NO. 800-ECV-CON-383 Rev 3: GA & Detail of Open Drain Sump (832-V-001)
DOC NO. 800-ECV-CON-384 Rev 3: GA & Detail of Open Drain Sump (832-V-001)
DOC NO. 000-ECV-DBP-001 Rev 0: Civil & Structural Design Basis
DOC NO. 000-CA-E-10010 Rev 0: Structural Design Criteria
DOC NO. 000-CA-E-10003 Rev 0: Specification for Concrete Works
Codes & Standards
Uniform Building Code ,UBC 1997
Structural Use of Concrete : BS 8110:1997
Design of Concrete Structures for Retaining Aques Liquids: BS8007:1987
Moments & Reactions for Rectangular Plates - By W . T. Moody

3 LIST OF ATTACHMENTS
Input Drawings
Attachment I : GA & Details of Open Drain Sump at Gas Treatment Plant (2 Sheets)
Sketches based on Calculations
Attachment II : GA & RCC Details of Open Drain Sump at Gas Treatment Plant (4 Sheets)

4 DESIGN BASIS
The Strucutral Design of Wall and Base Raft for the Open Drain Sump is carried out as Cracked Section for
Ultimate Loads & moments. Crack width limitation for each wall panels & base slab are checked for service
loads.

Top of sump is almost match with finished ground level, so sump wall is designed to carry full height earth
pressure from outside & o to carry full height water load inside of sump.

As water table is reported below the bottom of sump, no load is considered for water pressure outside the sump
and sump is also not checked for uplift pressure.

Earth pressure load on exterior walls is considered for earth pressure in active condition and for minimum
surcharge load.

Effect of Seismic load on sump walls is taken as per UBC 1997.

Units used in calculations are in SI system.

Walls having aspect ration greater than 1.5 is designed as Cantilever Wall and for lesser aspect ratio, co-
efficients for Moments / Reactions are taken from Moody's Charts (Ref. 2)

Base slab is designed manually for the moments due to different possible load combinations. Base pressure is
also checked, not to exceed SBC of soil underneath the sump.

5 MATERIALS
Grade of Concrete : C 37
Reinforcing Bars : Fe 460

6 LAYOUT & SKETCHES

Refer Attachment 1 for GA Plan & Sections of Open Drain Sump.
SUMP CONFIGRATION
Refer attachment 1 "GA & Details of Open Drain Sump", there are 5 different types of walls identified for design:
Wall A - Exterior Walls along longer side (2 nos.)
Clear Length of Wall, L1 = 16.50 m
Clear Height of Wall, H1 = 4.65 m

Wall B - Exterior Walls along shorter side (1 no.), and also supported by interior wall at mid length
Clear Length of Wall, L2 = 12.50 m

PC1529601 R0 CONT.
 Clear Height of Wall, H2 = 4.65 m

Wall C - Exterior Walls along shorter side (1 no.)

Clear Length of Wall, L3 = 12.50 m
Clear Height of Wall, H3 = 4.65 m

Wall D - Interior Walls along shorter side (2 no.)

Clear Length of Wall, L4 = 6.10 m
Clear Height of Wall, H4 = 2.80 m (max)

Wall E - Interior Walls along longer side at mid of sump (1 no.)

Clear Length of Wall, L5 = 15.20 m
Clear Height of Wall, H5 = 3.00 m

Elevation of Top of Coctrete Walls (exterior), TOC = 99.150 m

High Point of Finished Surface Level, FGL = 99.000 m
Hight of Earth above base slab of Sump (outside), he = 4.500 m

7 DESIGN INPUT DATA

Concrete (RCC)
Concrete Density, gc 25 kN/m3
Compressive strength of Concrete (cube), fcu 40 N/mm2
Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete, Ec 28 kN/mm2
Concrete Poisons ratio 0.2

MINIMUM CLEAR COVER TO MAIN REINFORCEMENT, c

Raft ( Top, Side face & Bottom), 75 mm
Wall face in contact with soil 75 mm
Wall face not in contact with soil 50 mm

Reinforcement
Reinforced steel yield strength, fy 460 N/mm2
Modulus of elasticity of steel, Es 200 kN/mm2
Minimum percentage of Reinforcement in slabs, ptmin. 0.13%
Minimum percentage of Vertical Reinforcement in walls, ptvw 0.35%

Storage Liquid in Sump - Water

Water Density, gw 10 kN/m3

Soil
Soil (Bulk Density), gs 18 kN/m3
Angle of Shear Resistance of Soil, f 30 Deg.
Co-efficient of Active Soil Pressure, Ka 0.33
Co-efficient of At-Rest Soil Pressure, Ko 0.50
Co-efficient of Passive Soil Pressure, Kp 3.00
Net Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil at 1.5m below FGL, Qs 275.0 kN/m2
Depth of Water Table below FGL, Dw 5.0 m
Approx. Depth of Footing base slab of sump below FGL, Df 5.0

8 LOADS & LOADS COMBINATIONS

Loads

Dead Load Various for each panel, separately calculated alongwith design of walls or base slab.
Live Load (no top cover on open drain sump) 0.0 kN/m2

Vehicular Loads around Pits (considering no vehicle movement around pit) 0.0 kN/m2

Surcharge Load on pit wall (as no vehicle movement around pit) 5.0 kN/m2

Earth & Water Press -

a) Walls supporting both interior water loads and exterior earth loads are designed to support full effect of
both the loads without considering that one could minimize the others' affect.

b) Hydrodynamic forces due to water are not considered during Seismic Condition.

PC1529601 R0 CONT.
 Uplift Pressure on base Slab (water table is below footing level) 0.0 kN/m2

Water pressure on walls from outside (water table is below footing level) 0.0 kN/m2

SEISMIC LOAD :
(Refer 2a, Section 7.7)
Seismic Zone = 2C
Important factor, I (for other structures) = 1.0
Soil Profile Type = Sc
Seismic Zone Factor considered for gas treatment plant, Z = 0.30
Seismic Co-efficient (for gas treatment plant), Cv = 0.24
Seismic Co-efficient (for gas treatment plant), Ca = 0.2
Reduction factor (for self supporting structures), R = 2.9
Total weight of component = W
Ct for other Buildings = 0.0488
Height of Sump abouve Base = Clear Height of Wall, h = 4.65 m

Time period of Structure, T = Ct x (h)3/4 = 0.155

Base Shear due to Seismic, V = {(Cv x I) / (R x T)} x W = 0.536 W

Maximum Base Shear due to Seismic,

Vmax = {(2.5 x Ca x I) / R} x W = 0.207 W

Minimum Base Shear due to Seismic,

Vmin = 0.11 x Ca x I x W = 0.026 W

Hence, Design Base Shear due to Seismic, Vdesign = 0.207 W

PC1529601 R0 CONT.
 Load acting on wall during operation
a) Pressure on wall due to soil outside sump;
b) Pressure on wall due to surcharge load;
c) Pressure on wall due to water inside sump; and
d) Seismic Load (includes seismic effect on wall).

Load acting on Base Slab

a) Weight of walls (exterior & interior);
b) Pressure and moment due to water inside sump; and
c) Moment due to soil outside pit.

Boundary Conditions for Walls / Base Slab Design

Wall - Boundary condition for sump walls is taken to be fixed at base & vertical edges at wall
junction and free at top edge.

Base Slab - Base slab is considered as fixed supported at all four edges by exterior walls and
continuously supported at intermediate locations by interior walls.

Load Combination for Sump Wall / Base Slab Design

No Inside
Inside Empty Soil Inside Water Water

SL FL SL FL/EL
Combination I Case - II Case - III
(Horizontal Earth Load, EL + Inside Empty) (No Backfill + Water Load, WL) (Backfill + Seismic Load, SL)

Load Combination 1 : Sump Empty & Outside Soil Pressure

1.4 x Dead Load (DL) + 1.6 x Live Load (LL) + 1.4 x Earth Pressure (SL)

Load Combination 2 : Sump Full with Water and No Soil Out Side
1.4 x Dead Load (DL) + 1.6 x Live Load (LL) + 1.4 x Water Pressure (FL)

Load Combination 3 : Sump Empty & Outside Soil Pressure + Seismic Load (EL)
1.2 x DL + 0.5 x LL + 1.2 x FL + 1.2 x SL + 1.0 x EL

9 DESIGN OF WALL

DESIGN OF WALL-A
Wall A is exposed to face Earth pressure.
Assumed Thickness of Wall at top, twat 0.300 m
Assumed Thickness of Wall at bottom, twab 0.750 m
Assumed Thickness of Base Slab, tb 0.775 m
0.300

0.15
FGL

Water / Liquid Pressure

Diagram
4.50

0.750

Earth Pr.Diagram
0.775

(ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN M)

PC1529601 R0 CONT.
 LOAD CALCULATION :

Edge Condition for Wall 'A'

Bottom edge & two vertical edges fixed and top free. Free Edge

b/2 b/2 Y
WALL 'B'
WALL 'C'
A B
a
WALL 'D'
My
WALL 'A'
Mx

A' B'
X
For Wall 'A'
Earth Load is acting only upto HPP Level.
So, Panel height for Wall 'A' against Earth Load only, a = 4.50 m
Wall Panel Width between supporting walls, b = 16.50 m
Bending Moment & Shear Force in Wall Panel due to Earth / Water Pressure (Triangular):
Aspect Ratio of Panel for earth load = b / a = 16.5 / 4.5 = 3.67
Wall Panel behaves as a Cantilever Slab.
Maximum Vertical moment at fixed base due to earth pressure,
M1e3 = 0.33 x 18 x 4.5^3 / 6 = 90.21 kN-m (Tension at outer face)

PC1529601 R0 CONT.
 Maximum Vertical moment at fixed base due to water pressure,
M1w3 = 10 x 4.5^3 / 6 = 151.88 kN-m (Tension at inner face)
Lateral Force at bace of wall due to earth pressure,
V1e3 = 0.33 x 18 x 4.5^2 / 2 = 60.14 kN/m
Lateral Force at bace of wall due to water pressure,
V1w3 = 10 x 4.5^2 / 2 = 101.25 kN/m

Bending Moment & Shear Force in Wall Panel due to Surchage Load (uniform):
Max. Vertical moment at fixed base, M1s3 = 0.5x0.33x5x4.5^2 = 16.71 kN-m (Tension at outer face)

Lateral Force at bace of wall due to surcharge load,

V1s3 = 0.33 x 5 x 4.5 = 7.43 kN/m
Dead Load Calculation:
Dead Load of Wall per meter run, Wdl = 61.03 kN/m

Seismic Load Calculation

Base Shear due to Seismic Load, Vdesign = 0.207 x Wdl = 12.63 kN/m
Considering triangular lateral loading on wall due to seismic load started zero at top to max. at base.
Maximum intensity of load at base = 2 x Vdesign / H1 = 5.61 kN/m2
This intensity is very less in comparision to soil intesity (= 18 x H1/3) or Warer intensity (=10 x H1), it can be
neglected. And hence, Load combination 3 can be ignored for Bending Moment Calculations.

Bending Moment & Shear Force in Wall Panel for Different Load Combinations:
Load Combination 1 : Sump Empty & Outside Soil Presure
Design Bending Moments in Wall = 1.4 x (Moment due to Earth Press. + Moment Due to Surcharge)

Vertical Moment at Wall Base Supp., Mvf1 =1.4 x M1e3 + 1.4 x M1s3 = 149.69 kN-m (Tension at outer face)

Lateral Load at Base of Wall, V11 = 1.4 x V1e3 + 1.4 x V1s3 = 94.60 kN/m

Load Combination 2 : Sump Full with Water and No Soil Out Side
Design Bending Moments in Wall = 1.4 x (Moment due to Pressure)

Vertical Moment at Wall Base Supp., Mvf1' =1.4 x M1w3 = 212.63 kN-m (Tension at inner face)

Lateral Load at Base of Wall, V12 = 1.4 x V1w3 = 141.75 kN/m

Load Combination 3 : Sump Empty & Outside Earth with Surcharge & Seismic Load
Lateral Load at Base of Wall, V13 = 1.2 V1e3 + 1.2 V1s3 + 1.2 Vdesign = 132.32 kN/m

Reinforcement Design of Wall A:

Vertical Reinforcement at Outer Face:

Diameter of Rebars, fh = 20 mm
Spacing of Bars = 150 mm
Area of Steel provided per meter height of wall, =
Asth = (p/4) fh2 x 1000 /spacing = 2094.40 mm2
Minimum percentage reinforcement in slab, ptmin = 0.13%
Minimum percentage Vertical Reinforcement in Wall, ptvmin = 0.35%
Minimum Area of Steel Required in Wall at each face, Asmin = 919 mm2
(Average Thickness of wall is considered)
Effective Depth of Wall at base, d = 665 mm
Design Bending Moment, M = 149.69 kN-m /m
Moment factor, K = M / (1000 x d2) = 0.338 > 0.156

Lever Arm, z = d x [ 0.5 + sqrt ( 0.25 - K / 0.9)] = 517 mm

Moment Capacity of Wall = 0.95 Asth x fy x z = 472.85 kN-m/m Hence Safe

Vertical Reinforcement at Inner Face:

Diameter of Rebars, fh = 20 mm
Spacing of Bars = 150 mm
Area of Steel provided per meter height of wall, =
Asth = (p/4) fh2 x 1000 /spacing = 2094.40 mm2
Minimum percentage reinforcement in slab, ptmin = 0.13%

PC1529601 R0 CONT.
 Minimum percentage Horizontal Reinforcement in Wall, pthmin = 0.35%
Minimum Area of Steel Required in Wall at each face, Asmin = 919 mm2
(Average Thickness of wall is considered)
Effective Depth of Wall at base, d = 690 mm
Design Bending Moment, M = 212.63 kN-m /m
Moment factor, K = M / (1000 x d2) = 0.447 < 0.156

Lever Arm, z = d x [ 0.5 + sqrt ( 0.25 - K / 0.9)] = 536 mm

Moment Capacity of Wall = 0.95 Asth x fy x z = 490.62 kN-m Hence Safe

Horizontal Reinforcement at Any Face: Provide Minimum reinforcement at both face.
Diameter of Rebars, fh = 16 mm
Spacing of Bars = 150 mm

PC1529601 R0 CONT.
 Area of Steel provided per meter height of wall, =
Asth = (p/4) fh2 x 1000 /spacing = 1340.41 mm2
Minimum percentage reinforcement in slab, ptmin = 0.13%
Minimum percentage Horizontal Reinforcement in Wall, pthmin = 0.35%
Minimum Hor. Reinf. At each face of Wall = pthmin / 2 = 0.175%
Minimum Area of Steel Required in Wall at each face, Asmin = 919 mm2 Hence OK

Check for Shear Stress in Wall

Design Shear Force at Base of Wall, V = Max (V11, V12, V13) = 142 kN/m
Shear Stress at Base of Wall, vc = V / (1000 x d) = 0.21 N/mm2
Allowable Shear Stress (for C37 Concrete) = 0.51 N/mm2 Hence OK

Crack Width Calculation in Flexure:

ec fc s
= =
0.5 fc b x
x c
z Neutral Axis acr dia
h d wall face

es (fs As)
e1 fs

Diameter of Bar, fcr = 20 mm

Spacing of Reinforcement, s = 150 mm
Area of Reinforcement, As = 2094 mm2
Effective Depth, d = 690 mm
Clear Cover to tension reinforcement, c = 50 mm
Total depth of wall at base, h = 750 mm
Applied Moment, Mcr = 151.88 kN-m /m

Distance from the point considered at surface from the nearest longitudinal bar,

[( ) ( ) ]
2 0 .5
s
2φcr φ cr = 86 mm
a cr = + c+ −
2 2 2
Modular Ratio, m = Es / Ec = 7 mm
Percentage of Reinforcement provided, pt = 0.30%
Depth of Neutral Axis, x =[ -m pt + [(m pt)2 + 2 m pt]0.5] d = 129 mm
Lever Arm, z = d - x / 3 = 647 mm
Reinforcement Stress, fs = Mcr / As.z = 112.11 N/mm2
Concrete Stress, fc = (fs As) / (0.5 x) = 0.73 N/mm2

PC1529601 R0 CONT.
 f s ( h−x )
Strain at level considered, ε 1= . = 0.0006
E s d−x
Stress due to stiffening effect of concrete between cracks,

2
1000 ( h−x )
ε 2= = 0.0005
3 . E s . A s . ( d−x )
Average Strain for Calculation of Crack width, ε m=ε 1−ε 2 = 0.0001

3 . a cr . ε m
Calculated Crack Width, w cr = = 0.0171 mm

( a −c
1+2 . cr
h−x )
Allowable Crack width, wall = 0.020 mm Hence Safe

DESIGN OF WALL-B & WALL-C (Similar)

Wall A is exposed to face Earth pressure.

Assumed Thickness of Wall at top, twat 0.300 m
Assumed Thickness of Wall at bottom, twab 0.625 m
Assumed Thickness of Base Slab, tb 0.775 m
0.300

0.15
FGL

Water / Liquid Pressure

Diagram
4.50

0.625

Earth Pr.Diagram
0.775

(ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN M)

LOAD CALCULATION :

PC1529601 R0 CONT.
 Edge Condition for Wall 'B' and 'C'
Bottom edge & two vertical edges fixed and top free. Free Edge

b/2 b/2 Y
WALL 'D
WALL 'A' '
A B
a
WALL 'A'
My
WALL 'B'
Mx

A' B'
X
For Wall 'B'
Earth Load is acting only upto HPP Level.
So, Panel height for Wall 'A' against Earth Load only, a = 4.50 m
Wall Panel Width between supporting walls, b = 6.25 m
(As Wall B is supported by Wall E at its mid-span)
Bending Moment & Shear Force in Wall Panel due to Earth / Water Pressure (Triangular):
Aspect Ratio of Panel for earth load = b / a = 6.25 / 4.5 = 1.39
Using Moody's Chart for Moment & Shear Force in Wall panel for Lateral Earth / Water Pressure;
At x/a = 0, i.e. at FGL Level & at y = b/2 i.e.at fixed vertical edge
Maximum Horizontal Moment Coefficient, My = 0.081
Maximum Horizontal moment at fixed support due to earth pressure,
M1e1 = 0.081 x 0.33 x 18 x 4.5^3 = 43.84 kN-m (Tension at outer face)
Maximum Horizontal moment at fixed support due to water pressure,
M1w1 = 0.081 x 10 x 4.5^3 = 73.81 kN-m (Tension at inner face)

At x/a = 0, i.e. at FGL Level & at y = 0 i.e.at mid-point of wall

Maximum Horizontal Moment Coefficient, My = -0.022
Maximum Horizontal moment at mid-span due to earth pressure,
M1e2 = -0.022x0.33x18x4.5^3 = -11.91 kN-m (Tension at inner face)
Maximum Horizontal moment at mid-span due to water pressure,
M1w2 = -11.91x10x4.5^3 = -20.05 kN-m (Tension at outer face)

At x/a = 1, i.e. at bottom of wall & at y = 0 i.e.at mid-point of wall

Maximum Vertical Moment Coefficient, Mx = 0.117
Maximum Vertical moment at fixed base due to earth pressure,
M1e3 = 0.117x0.33x18x4.5^3 = 63.33 kN-m (Tension at outer face)
Maximum Vertical moment at fixed base due to water pressure,
M1w3 = 0.117x10x4.5^3 = 106.62 kN-m (Tension at inner face)

Lateral Force at bace of wall due to earth pressure,

V2e3 = 0.33 x 18 x 4.5^2 / 2 = 60.14 kN/m
Lateral Force at bace of wall due to water pressure,
V2w3 = 10 x 4.5^2 / 2 = 101.25 kN/m

Bending Moment & Shear Force in Wall Panel due to Surchage Load (uniform):
Using Moody's Chart for Moment & Shear Force in Wall panel for Surcharge Load;
At x/a = 0, i.e. at FGL Level & at y = b/2 i.e.at fixed vertical edge
Maximum Horizontal Moment Coefficient, My = 0.315
Max. Horizontal moment at support, M1s1 = 0.315 x 0.33 x 5 x 4.5^2 = 10.52 kN-m (Tension at outer face)

At x/a = 0, i.e. at FGL Level & at y = 0 i.e.at mid-point of wall

Maximum Horizontal Moment Coefficient, My = -0.09
Max. Horizontal moment at span, M1s2 = -0.09x0.33x5x4.5^2 = -3.01 kN-m (Tension at inner face)

At x/a = 1, i.e. at bottom of wall & at y = 0 i.e.at mid-point of wall

Maximum Vertical Moment Coefficient, Mx = 0.319
Max. Vertical moment at fixed base, M1s3 = 0.319x0.33x5x4.5^2 = 10.66 kN-m (Tension at outer face)

Lateral Force at bace of wall due to surcharge load,

PC1529601 R0 CONT.
 V2s3 = 0.33 x 5 x 4.5 = 7.43 kN/m
Dead Load Calculation:
Dead Load of Wall per meter run, Wdl = 53.77 kN/m

Seismic Load Calculation

Base Shear due to Seismic Load, Vdesign = 0.207 x Wdl = 11.12 kN/m
Considering triangular lateral loading on wall due to seismic load started zero at top to max. at base.
Maximum intensity of load at base = 2 x Vdesign / H1 = 4.94 kN/m2
This intensity is very less in comparision to soil intesity (= 18 x H2/3) or Warer intensity (=10 x H2), it can be
neglected. And hence, Load combination 3 can be ignored.

Bending Moment & Shear Force in Wall Panel for Different Load Combinations:
Load Combination 1 : Sump Empty & Outside Soil Presure
Design Bending Moments in Wall = 1.4 x (Moment due to Earth Press. + Moment Due to Surcharge)

Horizontal Moment at Wall Support, Mhf1 = 1.4 x M1e1 + 1.4 x M1s1 = 76.10 kN-m (Tension at outer face)

Horizontal Moment in Wall Span, Mhs1 = 1.4 x M1e2 + 1.4 x M1s2 = -20.89 kN-m (Tension at inner face)

Vertical Moment at Wall Base Supp., Mvf1 =1.4 x M1e3 + 1.4 x M1s3 = 103.59 kN-m (Tension at outer face)

Lateral Load at Base of Wall, V21 = 1.4 x V2e3 + 1.4 x V2s3 = 94.60 kN/m
Load Combination 2 : Sump Full with Water and No Soil Out Side
Design Bending Moments in Wall = 1.4 x (Moment due to Pressure)

Horizontal Moment at Wall Support, Mhf1' = 1.4 x M1w1 = 103.33 kN-m (Tension at inner face)

Horizontal Moment in Wall Span, Mhs1' = 1.4 x M1w2 = -28.07 kN-m (Tension at outer face)

Vertical Moment at Wall Base Supp., Mvf1' =1.4 x M1w3 = 149.27 kN-m (Tension at inner face)

Lateral Load at Base of Wall, V22 = 1.4 x V2w3 = 141.75 kN/m

Load Combination 3 : Sump Empty & Outside Earth with Surcharge & Seismic Load
Lateral Load at Base of Wall, V23 = 1.2 V2e3 + 1.2 V2s3 + 1.2 Vdesign = 94.43 kN/m

Reinforcement Design of Wall B:

Horizontal Reinforcement at Outer Face:
Diameter of Rebars, fh = 16 mm
Spacing of Bars = 200 mm
Area of Steel provided per meter height of wall, =
Asth = (p/4) fh2 x 1000 /spacing = 1005.31 mm2
Minimum percentage reinforcement in slab, ptmin = 0.13%
Minimum percentage Horizontal Reinforcement in Wall, pthmin = 0.35%
Minimum Area of Steel Required in Wall at each face, Asmin = 809 mm2
(Average Thickness of wall is considered)
Effective Depth of Wall at base, d = 526 mm
Design Bending Moment, M = 76.10 kN-m /m
Moment factor, K = M / (1000 x d ) 2
= 0.275 > 0.156

Lever Arm, z = d x [ 0.5 + sqrt ( 0.25 - K / 0.9)] = 409 mm

Moment Capacity of Wall = 0.95 Asth x fy x z = 179.53 kN-m/m Hence Safe

Horizontal Reinforcement at Inner Face:

Diameter of Rebars, fh = 16 mm
Spacing of Bars = 200 mm
Area of Steel provided per meter height of wall, =
Asth = (p/4) fh2 x 1000 /spacing = 1005.31 mm2
Minimum percentage reinforcement in slab, ptmin = 0.13%
Minimum percentage Horizontal Reinforcement in Wall, pthmin = 0.35%
Minimum Area of Steel Required in Wall at each face, Asmin = 809 mm2
(Average Thickness of wall is considered)
Effective Depth of Wall at base, d = 551 mm
Design Bending Moment, M = 103.33 kN-m /m

PC1529601 R0 CONT.
 Moment factor, K = M / (1000 x d2) = 0.340 > 0.156

Lever Arm, z = d x [ 0.5 + sqrt ( 0.25 - K / 0.9)] = 428 mm

Moment Capacity of Wall = 0.95 Asth x fy x z = 188.06 kN-m Hence Safe

Vertical Reinforcement at Outer Face:

Diameter of Rebars, fh = 16 mm
Spacing of Bars = 100 mm
Area of Steel provided per meter height of wall, =
Asth = (p/4) fh2 x 1000 /spacing = 2010.62 mm2
Minimum percentage reinforcement in slab, ptmin = 0.13%
Minimum percentage Vertical Reinforcement in Wall, ptvmin = 0.35%
Minimum Area of Steel Required in Wall at each face, Asmin = 809 mm2
(Average Thickness of wall is considered)
Effective Depth of Wall at base, d = 542 mm
Design Bending Moment, M = 103.59 kN-m /m
Moment factor, K = M / (1000 x d2) = 0.353 > 0.156

Lever Arm, z = d x [ 0.5 + sqrt ( 0.25 - K / 0.9)] = 421 mm

Moment Capacity of Wall = 0.95 Asth x fy x z = 369.97 kN-m/m Hence Safe

Vertical Reinforcement at Inner Face:

Diameter of Rebars, fh = 16 mm
Spacing of Bars = 100 mm
Area of Steel provided per meter height of wall, =
Asth = (p/4) fh2 x 1000 /spacing = 2010.62 mm2
Minimum percentage reinforcement in slab, ptmin = 0.13%
Minimum percentage Horizontal Reinforcement in Wall, pthmin = 0.35%
Minimum Area of Steel Required in Wall at each face, Asmin = 809 mm2
(Average Thickness of wall is considered)
Effective Depth of Wall at base, d = 567 mm
Design Bending Moment, M = 149.27 kN-m /m
Moment factor, K = M / (1000 x d2) = 0.464 > 0.156

Lever Arm, z = d x [ 0.5 + sqrt ( 0.25 - K / 0.9)] = 440 mm

Moment Capacity of Wall = 0.95 Asth x fy x z = 387.04 kN-m Hence Safe

Check for Shear Stress in Wall

Design Shear Force at Base of Wall, V = Max (V21, V22, V23) = 142 kN/m
Shear Stress at Base of Wall, vc = V / (1000 x d) = 0.26 N/mm2
Allowable Shear Stress (for C37 Concrete) = 0.54 N/mm2 Hence OK

Crack Width Calculation in Flexure:

ec fc s
= =
0.5 fc b x
x c
z Neutral Axis acr dia
h d wall face

es (fs As)
e1 fs

Diameter of Bar, fcr = 16 mm

Spacing of Reinforcement, s = 200 mm
Area of Reinforcement, As = 2011 mm2
Effective Depth, d = 567 mm
Clear Cover to tension reinforcement, c = 50 mm
Total depth of wall at base, h = 625 mm
Applied Moment, Mcr = 106.62 kN-m /m

Distance from the point considered at surface from the nearest longitudinal bar,

PC1529601 R0 CONT.
 [( ) ( ) ]
2 0 .5
s φcr
2 φ cr = 108 mm
a cr = + c+ −
2 2 2
Modular Ratio, m = Es / Ec = 7 mm
Percentage of Reinforcement provided, pt = 0.35%
Depth of Neutral Axis, x =[ -m pt + [(m pt)2 + 2 m pt]0.5] d = 114 mm
Lever Arm, z = d - x / 3 = 529 mm
Reinforcement Stress, fs = Mcr / As.z = 100.25 N/mm2
Concrete Stress, fc = (fs As) / (0.5 x) = 0.76 N/mm2

f s ( h−x )
Strain at level considered, ε 1= . = 0.0006
E s d−x
Stress due to stiffening effect of concrete between cracks,

2
1000 ( h−x )
ε 2= = 0.0005
3 . E s . A s . ( d−x )
Average Strain for Calculation of Crack width,
ε m=ε 1−ε 2 = 0.0001

PC1529601 R0 CONT.
 3 . a cr . ε m
Calculated Crack Width, w cr = = 0.0231 mm

( a −c
1+2 . cr
h−x )
Allowable Crack width, wall = 0.020 mm Fail

DESIGN OF WALL-D
Wall D is exposed to water pressure at both faces.
Assumed Thickness of Wall at top, twat 0.300 m
Assumed Thickness of Wall at bottom, twab 0.400 m
Assumed Thickness of Base Slab, tb 0.775 m

0.300

Water / Liquid Pressure

Diagram
2.80

Earth Pr.Diagram
0.775

(ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN M)

Edge Condition for Wall 'D'

Bottom edge & two vertical edges fixed and top free. Free Edge

b/2 b/2 Y

WALL 'B
WALL 'A' '
A B
a
WALL 'E'
My
WALL 'D'
Mx

A' B'
X
For Wall 'D'
Water Press. is acting upto full height of wall. Critical condition occurs when water will only be at one side of wall.
So, Panel height for Wall 'D' against water pressure, a = 2.80 m
Wall Panel Width between supporting walls, b = 6.10 m

Bending Moment & Shear Force in Wall Panel due to Water Pressure (Triangular):
Aspect Ratio of Panel for earth load = b / a = 6.1 / 2.8 = 2.18
Wall Panel behaves as a Cantilever Slab.
Maximum Vertical moment at fixed base due to water pressure,
M1w3 = 10 x 2.8^3 / 6 = 36.59 kN-m

Lateral Force at bace of wall due to water pressure,

V3w3 = 10 x 2.8^2 / 2 = 39.2 kN/m
Dead Load Calculation:
Dead Load of Wall per meter run, Wdl = 40.69 kN/m

Seismic Load Calculation

Base Shear due to Seismic Load, Vdesign = 0.207 x Wdl = 8.42 kN/m
Considering triangular lateral loading on wall due to seismic load started zero at top to max. at base.
Maximum intensity of load at base = 2 x Vdesign / H1 = 6.01 kN/m2
This intensity is very less in comparision to soil intesity (= 18 x H4/3) or Warer intensity (=10 x H4), it can be
neglected. And hence, Load combination 3 can be ignored.

PC1529601 R0 CONT.
 Bending Moment & Shear Force in Wall Panel for Different Load Combinations:
Load Combination 2 : Inside Wall - Wall will be at one side of wall upto full height.
Design Bending Moments in Wall = 1.4 x (Moment due to Water Pressure)

Vertical Moment at Wall Base Supp., Mvf1' =1.4 x M1w3 = 51.23 kN-m

Reinforcement Design of Wall D:

Vertical Reinforcement at Any Face of Wall:
Diameter of Rebars, fh = 16 mm
Spacing of Bars = 150 mm
Area of Steel provided per meter height of wall, =
Asth = (p/4) fh2 x 1000 /spacing = 1340.41 mm2
Minimum percentage reinforcement in slab, ptmin = 0.13%
Minimum percentage Vertical Reinforcement in Wall, ptvmin = 0.35%
Minimum Area of Steel Required in Wall at each face, Asmin = 612 mm2
Effective Depth of Wall at base, d = 317 mm
Design Bending Moment, M = 51.23 kN-m /m
Moment factor, K = M / (1000 x d2) = 0.510 > 0.156

Lever Arm, z = d x [ 0.5 + sqrt ( 0.25 - K / 0.9)] = 246 mm

Moment Capacity of Wall = 0.95 Asth x fy x z = 144.26 kN-m/m Hence Safe

Horizontal Reinforcement at Any Face of Wall:

Provide minimum reinforcement at each face of wall.
Diameter of Rebars, fh = 12 mm
Spacing of Bars = 150 mm
Area of Steel provided per meter height of wall, =
Asth = (p/4) fh2 x 1000 /spacing = 753.98 mm2
Minimum percentage reinforcement in slab, ptmin = 0.13%
Minimum percentage Horizontal Reinforcement in Wall, pthmin = 0.35%
Minimum Hor. Reinf. At each face of Wall = pthmin / 2 = 0.175%
Minimum Area of Steel Required in Wall at each face, Asmin = 612 mm2 Hence OK

Check for Shear Stress in Wall

Design Shear Force at Base of Wall, V = Max (1.4 V3w3, 1.2 Vdesign) = 55 kN/m
Shear Stress at Base of Wall, vc = V / (1000 x d) = 0.17 N/mm2
Allowable Shear Stress (for C37 Concrete) = 0.47 N/mm2 Hence OK

Crack Width Calculation in Flexure:

ec fc s
= =
0.5 fc b x
x c
z Neutral Axis acr dia
h d wall face

es (fs As)
e1 fs

Diameter of Bar, fcr = 16 mm

Spacing of Reinforcement, s = 150 mm
Area of Reinforcement, As = 754 mm2
Effective Depth, d = 317 mm
Clear Cover to tension reinforcement, c = 50 mm
Total depth of wall at base, h = 400 mm
Applied Moment, Mcr = 36.59 kN-m /m

Distance from the point considered at surface from the nearest longitudinal bar,

[( ) ( ) ]
2 0 .5
s
2 φcr φ cr = 87 mm
a cr = + c+ −
2 2 2
PC1529601 R0 CONT.
 [( ) ( )]
2 0 .5
s φcr
2 φ cr
a cr = + c+ −
2 2 2
Modular Ratio, m = Es / Ec = 7 mm
Percentage of Reinforcement provided, pt = 0.24%
Depth of Neutral Axis, x =[ -m pt + [(m pt)2 + 2 m pt]0.5] d = 53 mm
Lever Arm, z = d - x / 3 = 299 mm
Reinforcement Stress, fs = Mcr / As.z = 162.18 N/mm2
Concrete Stress, fc = (fs As) / (0.5 x) = 0.82 N/mm2

f s ( h−x )
Strain at level considered, ε 1= . = 0.0011
E s d−x
Stress due to stiffening effect of concrete between cracks,

1000 ( h−x )2
ε 2= = 0.0010
3 . E s . A s . ( d−x )
Average Strain for Calculation of Crack width,
ε m=ε 1−ε 2 = 0.0001

3 . a cr . ε m
Calculated Crack Width, w cr = = 0.0126 mm

( a −c
1+2 . cr
h−x )
Allowable Crack width, wall = 0.020 mm Hence Safe

DESIGN OF WALL-E
Wall D is exposed to water pressure at both faces.
Assumed Thickness of Wall at top, twat 0.300 m
Assumed Thickness of Wall at bottom, twab 0.435 m
Assumed Thickness of Base Slab, tb 0.775 m

0.300

Water / Liquid Pressure

Diagram
3.00

Earth Pr.Diagram
0.775

(ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN M)

Edge Condition for Wall 'E'

Bottom edge & two vertical edges fixed and top free. Free Edge

b/2 b/2 Y

WALL 'B
WALL 'A' '
A B
a
WALL 'E'
My
WALL 'D'
Mx

A' B'
X
For Wall 'E'
Water Press. is acting upto full height of wall. Critical condition occurs when water will only be at one side of wall.
So, Panel height for Wall 'D' against water pressure, a = 3.00 m
Wall Panel Width between supporting walls, b = 15.20 m

PC1529601 R0 CONT.
 Bending Moment & Shear Force in Wall Panel due to Water Pressure (Triangular):
Aspect Ratio of Panel for earth load = b / a = 15.2 / 3 = 5.07
Wall Panel behaves as a Cantilever Slab.
Maximum Vertical moment at fixed base due to water pressure,
M1w3 = 10 x 3^3 / 6 = 45 kN-m

Lateral Force at bace of wall due to water pressure,

V4w3 = 10 x 3^2 / 2 = 45 kN/m
Dead Load Calculation:
Dead Load of Wall per meter run, Wdl = 42.72 kN/m

Seismic Load Calculation

Base Shear due to Seismic Load, Vdesign = 0.207 x Wdl = 8.84 kN/m
Considering triangular lateral loading on wall due to seismic load started zero at top to max. at base.
Maximum intensity of load at base = 2 x Vdesign / H1 = 5.89 kN/m2
This intensity is very less in comparision to soil intesity (= 18 x H1/3) or Warer intensity (=10 x H1), it can be
neglected. And hence, Load combination 3 can be ignored.

Bending Moment & Shear Force in Wall Panel for Different Load Combinations:
Load Combination 2 : Inside Wall - Wall will be at one side of wall upto full height.
Design Bending Moments in Wall = 1.4 x (Moment due to Water Pressure)

Vertical Moment at Wall Base Supp., Mvf1' =1.4 x M1w3 = 63.00 kN-m

Reinforcement Design of Wall D:

Vertical Reinforcement at Any Face of Wall:
Diameter of Rebars, fh = 16 mm
Spacing of Bars = 150 mm
Area of Steel provided per meter height of wall, =
Asth = (p/4) fh2 x 1000 /spacing = 1340.41 mm2
Minimum percentage reinforcement in slab, ptmin = 0.13%
Minimum percentage Vertical Reinforcement in Wall, ptvmin = 0.35%
Minimum Area of Steel Required in Wall at each face, Asmin = 643 mm2
Effective Depth of Wall at base, d = 352 mm
Design Bending Moment, M = 63.00 kN-m /m
Moment factor, K = M / (1000 x d2) = 0.508 > 0.156

Lever Arm, z = d x [ 0.5 + sqrt ( 0.25 - K / 0.9)] = 273 mm

Moment Capacity of Wall = 0.95 Asth x fy x z = 160.18 kN-m/m Hence Safe

Horizontal Reinforcement at Any Face of Wall:

Provide minimum reinforcement at each face of wall.
Diameter of Rebars, fh = 12 mm
Spacing of Bars = 150 mm
Area of Steel provided per meter height of wall, =
Asth = (p/4) fh2 x 1000 /spacing = 753.98 mm2
Minimum percentage reinforcement in slab, ptmin = 0.13%
Minimum percentage Horizontal Reinforcement in Wall, pthmin = 0.35%
Minimum Hor. Reinf. At each face of Wall = pthmin / 2 = 0.175%
Minimum Area of Steel Required in Wall at each face, Asmin = 643 mm2 Hence OK

Check for Shear Stress in Wall

Design Shear Force at Base of Wall, V = Max (1.4 V3w3, 1.2 Vdesign) = 63 kN/m
Shear Stress at Base of Wall, vc = V / (1000 x d) = 0.18 N/mm2
Allowable Shear Stress (for C37 Concrete) = 0.47 N/mm2 Hence OK

Crack Width Calculation in Flexure:

ec fc s
= =
0.5 fc b x
x c
z Neutral Axis acr dia
h d wall face

PC1529601 R0 CONT.
 es (fs As)
e1 fs

Diameter of Bar, fcr = 16 mm

Spacing of Reinforcement, s = 150 mm
Area of Reinforcement, As = 754 mm2
Effective Depth, d = 352 mm
Clear Cover to tension reinforcement, c = 50 mm
Total depth of wall at base, h = 435 mm
Applied Moment, Mcr = 45.00 kN-m /m

Distance from the point considered at surface from the nearest longitudinal bar,

[( ) ( ) ]
2 0 .5
s
2φcr φ cr = 87 mm
a cr = + c+ −
2 2 2
Modular Ratio, m = Es / Ec = 7 mm
Percentage of Reinforcement provided, pt = 0.21%
Depth of Neutral Axis, x =[ -m pt + [(m pt)2 + 2 m pt]0.5] d = 56 mm
Lever Arm, z = d - x / 3 = 333 mm
Reinforcement Stress, fs = Mcr / As.z = 179.13 N/mm2
Concrete Stress, fc = (fs As) / (0.5 x) = 0.81 N/mm2

f s ( h−x )
Strain at level considered, ε 1= . = 0.0011
E s d−x
Stress due to stiffening effect of concrete between cracks,

2
1000 ( h−x )
ε 2= = 0.0011
3 . E s . A s . ( d−x )
Average Strain for Calculation of Crack width,
ε m=ε 1−ε 2 = 0.0001

3 . a cr . ε m
Calculated Crack Width, w cr = = 0.0164 mm

( a −c
1+2 . cr
h−x )
Allowable Crack width, wall = 0.020 mm Hence Safe

10 DESIGN OF BASE SLAB

Projection of Base Slab alround beyond wall = 0.500 m
Assumed Thickness of Base Slab, tb 0.775 m
Total length of Slab, Ls = 16.5 + 2 x 0.625 + 2 x 0.5 = 19.00 m
Total Width of Slab, Bs = 12.5 + 2 x 0.75 + 2 x 0.5 = 15.00 m
Self-weight of Slab, Ws = 5522 kN
Assuming 10% extra load due to pump supporting arrangement = 552 kN
Verical Load transferred from Wall-A = 1053 kN
Verical Load transferred from Wall-B = 706 kN
Verical Load transferred from Wall-C = 706 kN
Verical Load transferred from Wall-D = 496 kN
Verical Load transferred from Wall-E = 649 kN

Total Dead Load on Slab including Self-Wt., DL = 9684 kN

Total Wt. of water in Full Fill Condition (ignoring inside walls), FL = 9591 kN
Load on Base Slab due to Surcharge Load (= 5 kN/m ) 2
= 153 kN
Load on Base Slab due to overburden soil on projected slab = 2673 kN
Total Vertical Load on Slab due to Soil, EL = 2826 kN

Check for Bearing Pressure:

Load Case I : Sump is Empty and Outside Full Soil Pressure with Surcharge
Total Load on Base Slab = DL + EL = 12509 kN
Base Pressure below base slab = 44 kN/m2 Hence Safe

PC1529601 R0 CONT.
 Load Case II : Sump is Full with Water and Outside no Soil Pressure
Total Load on Base Slab = DL + WL = 19275 kN
Base Pressure below base slab = 68 kN/m2 Hence Safe

Load Case III : Sump is Full with Water and Outside Soil Pressure with Surcharge
Total Load on Base Slab = DL + WL + EL = 22100 kN
Base Pressure below base slab = 78 kN/m2 Hence Safe

Design Moment for Base Slab

As walls are monolithic with Base Slab, maximum bending moment in slab at wall support will be equal to the
bending moment at base of wall.
Unsupported length of base slab, ls = 16.5 - 1.0 - 0.3 = 15.20 m
Unsupported Width of base slab, bs = 6.10 m
Aspect Ratio of Slab = ls / ls = 15.20 / 6.10 = 2.49
Hence, Slab is One-way slab, Spanning between Wall-A & Wall-E.
Max. BM at support = Bending Moment at Base of Wall-A = 152 kN-m /m
(when sump is full of water & no soil outside)
Max. BM at Mid-Span (when sump is empty & soil pressure outside) = 91 kN-m /m
(Effective upward soil pressure at slab base = 43.89 - 0.775 x 2= 25 kN/m 2
)

Design Moment for Bottom face of Base Slab = 1.4 x 151.88 = 213 kN-m /m
Design Moment for Top face of Base Slab = 1.4 x 91.22 = 128 kN-m /m

Reinforcement Design of Base Slab:

Main Reinforcement at Bottom Face of Slab:
Diameter of Rebars, fh = 20 mm
Spacing of Bars = 150 mm
Area of Steel provided per meter width of slab, =
Asth = (p/4) fh2 x 1000 /spacing = 2094.40 mm2
Minimum percentage reinforcement in slab, ptmin = 0.13%
Minimum Area of Steel Required in Slab, Asmin = 1008 mm2
Effective Depth of Slab, d = 690 mm
Design Bending Moment, M = 212.63 kN-m /m
Moment factor, K = M / (1000 x d2) = 0.447 > 0.156

Lever Arm, z = d x [ 0.5 + sqrt ( 0.25 - K / 0.9)] = 536 mm

Moment Capacity of Wall = 0.95 Asth x fy x z = 490.62 kN-m/m Hence Safe

Main Reinforcement at Top Face of Slab:

Diameter of Rebars, fh = 16 mm
Spacing of Bars = 150 mm
Area of Steel provided per meter width of slab, =
Asth = (p/4) fh2 x 1000 /spacing = 1340.41 mm2
Minimum percentage reinforcement in slab, ptmin = 0.13%
Minimum Area of Steel Required in Slab, Asmin = 1008 mm2
Effective Depth of Slab, d = 717 mm
Design Bending Moment, M = 127.71 kN-m /m
Moment factor, K = M / (1000 x d2) = 0.248 > 0.156

Lever Arm, z = d x [ 0.5 + sqrt ( 0.25 - K / 0.9)] = 557 mm

Moment Capacity of Wall = 0.95 Asth x fy x z = 326.29 kN-m/m Hence Safe

Secondary Reinforcement at Both Face of Slab:

Provide minimum reinforcement at each face of slab in longer span direction.
Diameter of Rebars, fh = 16 mm
Spacing of Bars = 150 mm
Area of Steel provided per meter height of wall, =
Asth = (p/4) fh2 x 1000 /spacing = 1340.41 mm2
Minimum percentage reinforcement in slab, ptmin = 0.13%

PC1529601 R0 CONT.
 Minimum Area of Steel Required in slab at each face, Asmin = 1008 mm2 Hence OK

Crack Width Calculation in Flexure:

ec fc s
= =
0.5 fc b x
x c
z Neutral Axis acr dia
h d wall face

es (fs As)
e1 fs

Diameter of Bar, fcr = 20 mm

Spacing of Reinforcement, s = 150 mm
Area of Reinforcement, As = 2094 mm2
Effective Depth, d = 690 mm
Clear Cover to tension reinforcement, c = 75 mm
Total depth of base slab, h = 775 mm
Applied Moment, Mcr = 151.88 kN-m /m

Distance from the point considered at surface from the nearest longitudinal bar,

[( ) ( )]
2 0 .5
s
2φcr φ cr = 103 mm
a cr = + c+ −
2 2 2
Modular Ratio, m = Es / Ec = 7 mm
Percentage of Reinforcement provided, pt = 0.30%
Depth of Neutral Axis, x =[ -m pt + [(m pt)2 + 2 m pt]0.5] d = 129 mm
Lever Arm, z = d - x / 3 = 647 mm
Reinforcement Stress, fs = Mcr / As.z = 112.11 N/mm2
Concrete Stress, fc = (fs As) / (0.5 x) = 0.73 N/mm2

f s ( h−x )
Strain at level considered, ε 1= . = 0.0006
E s d−x
Stress due to stiffening effect of concrete between cracks,

2
1000 ( h−x )
ε 2= = 0.0006
3 . E s . A s . ( d−x )
Average Strain for Calculation of Crack width, = 0.0001
ε m=ε 1−ε 2
3 . a cr . ε m
Calculated Crack Width, w cr = = 0.0154 mm

( a −c
1+2 . cr
h−x )
Allowable Crack width, wall = 0.020 mm Hence Safe

PC1529601 R0 CONT.