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CONTENTS

Description Page No.

1. Acknowledgement 4

2. Abstract 5

3. Why this project? 6

4. Introduction to CAD/CAM/CAE 7

4.1. Need for CAD/CAM/CAE 8

4.2. Advantages 8

4.3. Drawbacks 8

5. Introduction to CATIA 9

5.1. Some Common features used in CATIA Design 10

6. Introduction to Stop Valve 14

6.1. Different Part of Stop Valve 14

7 Conclusion 26

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List of Figures

Fig. No. Description Page No.

1. Pad feature 10
2. Pocket feature 11
3. Shaft feature 11
4. Rib feature 12
5. Multi Section feature 13
6. Fillet feature 13
7. Stop Valve Body 14
8. Drafted View of Stop Valve Body 15
9. 3D & Drafted views of Spindle 16
10. 3D & Drafted views of Hand wheel 17
11. 3D & Drafted views of Valve Seat 18
12. 3D & Drafted views of Valve 19
13. 3D & Drafted views of Cover 20
14. 3D & Drafted views of Bridge 21
15. 3D & Drafted views of Nut 22
16. Stop Valve Assembled View 23
17. Sectioned view of Stop Valve body 24

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3. WHY THIS PROJECT ?

From the very beginning of my engineering studies my dream is to envisage myself as a design
engineer round the globe. Being a engineering student I have always keen interested towards
drawing and designing various field of mechanical engineering , my career objectives include
performing extensive research in mechanical engineering as a design engineer being part of an
organization which provide me ample opportunity to do so .while doing summer training on CADD
CENTRE, I feel that without a design project work my knowledge over CATIA will remain
incomplete, so I decided to do this project work “DESIGN OF STOP VALVE ASSEMBLY USING

CATIA”, with direct supervision in inspiration of my project guide Mr. JITENDER. As well as
possible I try to explore my views and ideas Over the subject. I may not certain about what new
design I have done in this project but , but confirm that what design I have done is a complete new
experience for me and hope the experience gain by me through this project work will help me to
fulfill my dream . as possible as every effort has been made by me to give a crystal clear view over
the subject on reader’s mind .

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4. INTRODUCTION TO CAD/CAM/CAE

The Modern world of design, development, manufacturing so on, in which we have stepped can’t be
imagined with out interference of computer. The usage of computer is such that, they have become
an integral part of these fields. In the world market now the competition in not only cost factor but
also quality, consistency, availability, packing, stocking, delivery etc. So are the requirements
forcing industries to adopt modern technique rather than local forcing the industries to adapt better
techniques like CAD / CAM / CAE, etc.

The Possible basic way to industries is to have high quality products at low costs is by using the
computer Aided Engineering (CAE), Computer Aided Design (CAD) And Computer Aided
Manufacturing (CAM) set up. Further many tools is been introduced to simplify & serve the

requirement CATIA, PRO-E, UG are some among many.

This penetration of technique concern has helped the manufacturers to

a) Increase productivity

b) Shortening the lead-time

c) Minimizing the prototyping expenses

d) Improving Quality

e) Designing better products

Here in this Chapter we will be discussing on STOP VALVE.

Section 1: Description of STOP VALVE and Its working principle

Section 2: Modelling of each disassembled parts and assembling

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CAD: Computer Aided Designing (Technology to create, Modify, Analyze or Optimize the design
using computer.

CAE: Computer Aided Engineering (Technology to analyze, Simulate or Study behavior of the cad
model generated using computer.

CAM: Computer Aided Manufacturing (Technology to Plan, manage or control the operation in
manufacturing using computer.

4.1. NEED FOR CAD,CAM &CAE:The usage of CAD CAE & CAM have changed the over
look of the industries and developed healthy & standard competition , as could achieve target in lean
time and ultimately the product reaches market in estimated time with better quality and consistency
. In general view, it has lead to fast approach and creative thinking.

4.2 ADVANTAGES:

1. Cut off of the designing time

2. Cut off of the editing time
3. Cut off of the manufacturing time
4. High & controlled quality
5. Reduction of process cost
6. Consistency

4.3 DRAWBACKS:

1. Requires skilled operators

2. Initial setting & assumption consumes time
3. Setting cost is more
4. Over heads are high and
5. Applicable if production is high

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5 INTRODUCTION TO CATIA

INTRODUCTION CATIA is a robust application that enables you to create rich and complex
designs. The goals of the CATIA course are to teach you how to build parts and assemblies in
CATIA, and how to make simple drawings of those parts and assemblies. This course focuses on the
fundamental skills and concepts that enable you to create a solid foundation for your designs.

WHAT IS CATIA??? CATIA is mechanical design software. It is a feature-based, parametric

solid modelling design tool that takes advantage of the easy-to-learn Windows graphical user
interface. You can create fully associative 3-D solid models with or without constraints while
utilizing automatic or user-defined relations to capture design intent. To further clarify this
definition, the italic terms above will be further defined:

FEATURE BASED
Like an assembly is made up of a number of individual parts, a CATIA document is made up of
individual elements. These elements are called features.

When creating a document, you can add features such as pads, pockets, holes, ribs, fillets, chamfers,
and drafts. As the features are created, they are applied directly to the work piece.

•Sketched-based features are based on a 2D sketch. Generally, the sketch is transformed into
a 3D solid by pad , shaft , rib , multi sections.
•Dress-up features are features that are created directly on the solid model. Fillets and

chamfers are examples of this type of feature

Parametric

The dimensions and relations used to create a feature are stored in the model. This enables you to
capture design intent, and to easily make changes to the model through these parameters.
• Driving dimensions are the dimensions used when creating a feature. They include the dimensions
associated with the sketch geometry, as well as those associated with the feature itself. Consider, for
example, a cylindrical pad. The diameter of the pad is controlled by the diameter of the sketched
circle, and the height of the pad is controlled by the depth to which the circle is extruded.
• Relations include information such as parallelism, tangency, and concentricity. This type of
information is typically communicated on drawings using feature control symbols. By capturing this
information in the sketch, CATIA enables you to fully capture your design intent up front.

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SOLID MODELING: A solid model is the most complete type of geometric model used in
CAD systems. It contains all the wireframe and surface geometry necessary to fully describe the
edges and faces of the model. In addition to geometric information, solid models also convey their
“topology”, which relates the geometry together. For example, topology might include identifying
which faces (surfaces) meet at which edges (curves). This intelligence makes adding features easier.
For example, if a model requires a fillet, you simply select an edge and specify a radius to create it.

Fully Associative: A CATIA model is fully associative with the drawings and parts or assemblies
that reference it. Changes to the model are automatically reflected in the associated drawings, parts,
and/or assemblies. Likewise, changes in the context of the drawing or assembly are reflected back in
the model.

Constraints: Geometric constraints (such as parallel, perpendicular, horizontal, vertical,

concentric, and coincident) establish relationships between features in your model by fixing their
positions with respect to one another. In addition, equations can be used to establish mathematical
relationships between parameters. By using constraints and equatpions, you can guarantee that
design concepts such as through holes and equal radii are captured and maintained.

5.1 SOME COMMON FEATURES USED IN CATIA PART DESIGN

:
PAD Pad is used to add material to a model.

Fig. 1 Pad feature

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POCKET: Pocket is a sketch based feature that remove material from a model. Pocket is also
performed on an open profile.

Without pocket with pocket

Fig.2 Pocket Feature

SHAFT: A shaft is revolved sketch based feature that adds material to the model.

Sketch after shaft

Fig.3 Shaft Feature

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RIB: Rib is a positive (i.e. add material) solid that is generated by sweeping a profile along a centre
curve. It need two profiles in two different planes.

Two profiles ribbed model

Fig.4 Rib Feature

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MULTI SECTION: Multi sections solid can be positive or negative solid that is generated by
two or more planar profiles swept along a spline.

Multi section of two circles in two different planes

Fig.5 Multi Section Feature

FILLET: Fillet is a curved face of a constant or variable radius that is tangent to , and that joins
two surfaces.

Without fillet with fillet

Fig.6 Fillet Feature

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6. INTRODUCTION TO STOP VALVE

A stop valve, different from ball valve, is a type of valve used for regulating flow in a pipeline,
consisting of a movable disk-type element and a stationary ring seat in a generally spherical body.

Stop valves are named for their stoping action with the two halves of the body being separated by an
internal baffle. This has an opening that forms a seat onto which a movable plug that can be screwed
in to close (or shut) the valve. The plug is also called valve . In stop valves, the plug is connected to
a spindle which is operated by screw action using a hand wheel in manual valves. Typically,
automated stop valves use smooth spindle rather than threaded and are opened and closed by
an actuator assembly.

6.1 DIFFERENT PARTS OF STOP VALVE

Body
The body is the main pressure containing structure of the valve and the most easily identified as it
forms the mass of the valve. It contains all of the valve's internal parts that will come in contact with
the substance being controlled by the valve. The bonnet is connected to the body and provides the
containment of the fluid, gas, or slurry that is being controlled.
Globe valves are typically two-port valves, although three port valves are also produced mostly in
straight-flow configuration. Ports are openings in the body for fluid flowing in or out. The two ports
may be oriented straight across from each other or anywhere on the body,[5] or oriented at an angle
(such as a 90°).[6] Globe valves with ports at such an angle are called angle globe valves. Globe
valves are mainly used for corrosive or high viscous fluids which solidify at room temperature. This
is because straight valves are designed so that the outlet pipe is in line with the inlet pipe and the
fluid has a good chance of staying there in the case of horizontal piping. In the case of angle valves,
the outlet pipe is directed towards the bottom. This allows the fluid to drain off. In turn, this prevents
clogging and/or corrosion of the valve components over a period of time. A globe valve can also
have a body in the shape of a "Y". This will allow the construction of the valve to be straight at the
bottom as opposed to the conventional pot type construction (to arrange bottom seat) in case of other
valves. This will again allow the fluid to pass through without difficulty and minimizes fluid
clogging/corrosion in the long term .

Fig.7 Stop Valve Body

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SPINDLE

It is a shaft used to connect valve to the hand wheel. Its down most part is threaded and have hole.
There is a cavity in valve where collar is mounded. Neck of cavity is smaller than collar cross
section. Collar is connected with spindle through taper pin. Upper end of spindle is of square cross
section to accommodate hand wheel in it. Due to its long length ,it is supported by bridge at upper
half part, to provide it rigidity.

Fig.9: 3D & Drafted views of Spindle

Feature used is shaft and hole only.

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Valve seat

Valve seat is a small bush type seat which rests in valve body in middle position.

Features used is shaft only.

Fig. No.11 3D & Drafted views of Valve seat

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BRIDGE
It is a bridge between two studs which are coming out of cover holes this is provided to give long
shaft a support to give it a vibrational free environment and to ensure its rigidity.

Fig No.14 3D & Drafted views of Bridge

Features used are pad and hole only.

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NUTS
Hexagonal nuts are used mostly every where either they are in stop valve or any where in mechanical
use.they are used to tight two different elements. Nuts used in mechanical use are of standard size.
here in this I am using hex nuts of size M24 , M12 , M20. Generally nuts in catia are modelled in two
body as it uses feature of Boolean union trim operation.

Fig No.115 3D & Drafted views of Nut

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Fig. No.16 STOP VALVE ASSEMBLED VIEW

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Fig No.12 Sectioned views of Stop Valve Body

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7. CONCLUSION
While working on this project we came across details of mechanical Valves. The designing of
the STOP VALVE has enriched us with a vital designing cum drafting experience, the
outcome of which has raised the skill fullness and self-confidence regarding designing of any
such type of designing in future.

Never the less the designing of this stop valve enriched us with the technique of operation of
different designing skills. The designing process helped us to gain experience through
designing related activities like designing in 3D views, study of various drawing sheets,
drafting and mechanisms.

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