Chapter V – Pathophysiology

I.) Schematic Diagram

BACTERIAL INFECTION

CONTACT PERSON

MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS NON-MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS

- Pollution - Family History
- Social Factors - Premature
- Environmental Factors - Low Birth Weight

DIRECT CONTACT INDIRECT CONTACT

BACTERIAL INFECTION

UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT

MOUTH LARYNX PHARYNX

LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT

BUILD-UP AND PRODUCTION OF MUCUS

BRONCHI BRONCHIOLES

CONSTRICTION

TISSUES INJURED BY BACTERIA

INFLAMMATION

DAMAGED CELLS RELEASE CHEMICALS

HISTAMINE
BRADYKININ PROSTAGLANDIN

CAUSES BLOOD VESSELS TO LEAK FLUID TO TISSUES

 DISTENDED ABDOMEN

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT AND VITAL SIGNS

T = 37.4 P = 187 bpm AUSCULTATION R = 78 cpm SPO2 = 92%

LABORATORY TESTS

X-RAY HEMATOLOGY

HAZY OPACITIES IN BOTH LUNGS HIGH LYMPHOCYTE COUNT

ACUTE BRONCHITIS

II.) Narrative

This section explains the pathophysiology of Acute Bronchitis. Acute Bronchitis is a

condition that develops when the airways in the lungs, called bronchial tubes, become inflamed

and cause coughing, often with mucus production. There are two main types of bronchitis which

are acute and chronic. It is a temporary inflammation of the bronchial tubes, which are the air

passages that carry air to the lungs. This condition is usually caused by viral infections called

rhinovirus, although bacteria and irritants can also contribute to its development. It is characterized

by symptoms such as cough, fever, and shortness of breath, and tends to be more prevalent

during the colder months.

The patient acquired the disease through a contact person which affected his upper and

lower respiratory tract which then resulted to built-up and production of mucous, constriction,

injured muscle tissues, and inflammation. Vital signs mirrors the illness in which the respiratory rate

appears to be 78 cpm.