UPPER 2 ND

PREMOLARS
MAXILLARY SECOND PREMOLAR
 Chronology:

 Appearance of dental organ 8 months 1 .U .L.

 Beginning of calcification 2 - 2 1/4 years

 Crown completed 6-7 years

 Eruption 10-12 years

 Root completed 12-14 years

BUCCAL ASPECT:
 The Crown:
 The buccal cusp is short and not
pointed.
 The mesial slope of the buccal cusp
is slightly shorter than the distal
slope
 The mesial contact area is in the
occlusal third
 The distal contact area is slightly
more cervical.
 The buccal surface is convex with
less prominent buccal ridge than
on the first premolar.
 The root:
 The single root is tapering and the
apical end may bends distally, or
the root may be straight.
 The root is usually longer than
that of the first premolar.
LINGUAL ASPECT:

 The lingual cusp is almost as long

as the buccal cusp (about 0.5 mm
shorter).
 The tip of the lingual cusp is sharp

 The crown is slightly narrower

mesiodistally on the lingual side.
 The lingual surface of the root is
smooth and slightly narrower
(mesiodistailly) than on the buccal
surface.
MESIAL ASPECT
 The crown:
 The cusps are shorter than
those of the first premolar.
 The buccal and lingual cusps
have nearly the same length.
 The distance between the cusp
tips is greater giving a wider
occlusal surface buccolingually.
 The mesial marginal ridge is
located slightly more occlusally
than the distal marginal ridge .
 Usually, there is no
developmental groove crossing
the mesial marginal ridge.
 There is no deep developmental
depression on the mesial
surface
 The mesial contact area is at
the junction of the occlusal and
middle thirds.
 The cervical line curvature is usually
about 1 mm.
 A shallow depression usually appears on
the single tapered root, but it does not
extend onto the crown.
DISTAL ASPECT:
 Similar to the mesial surface.
 The distal marginal ridge more
cervically than the mesial
 The distal contact area is wider
and more cervically.
 The root usually has a deeper
depression extending in the
middle third
 Occlusal surface:
 It has an oval shape with a slight taper
from buccal to lingual.
 The two cusps are separated by a short
central developmental groove which ends
in the mesial and distal triangular fossae
with a pit at each end.
 The marginal ridges are thicker than
those of the first premolar.
 Multiple supplemental grooves radiate
from the central groove making an
irregular occlusal surface (wrinkled
appearance).
 The distal triangular fossa is usually
larger and deeper than the mesial.
 Mesiobuccal, mesiolingual, distobuccal
and distolingual supplemental grooves
radiate buccally and lingually from the
pit.
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