ENVE 102 ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY

2019-2020 SPRING SEMESTER

RECITATION 3
February 28, 2020

1. The composition of a groundwater sample is given in the table below. Please calculate the
following:

a. The ionic strength (µ) of the solution,

b. The activity of each ion in solution,

Table. Composition of groundwater from Urfa

Concentration Concentration
Cations Anions
(mg/L) (mg/L)
Na+ 0.15 HCO3- 0.20
Ca 2+ 0.40 NO3- 0.51
Mg2+ 0.23 Cl- 0.49
Sr2+ 0.01 SO4= 0.47
K+ 0.03 CO3= 0.35

2. The following quantities of salts added to a volume of water to make 1 liter of solution:
1  10−2 moles NaCl
2  10−2 moles CaCl2
2  10−2 moles BaCl2
Calculate the ionic strength of the solution. Comment on whether this solution is an ideal
solution or not.

3. You are given the organic chemicals C7H8 (toluene), C6H12O2 (hexanoic acid), and
C12H10 (biphenyl). Perform the following tasks for each;

a. What is the ThOD of each chemical, if they have 5.0, 2.0, and 1.0 mg/L of concentrations
respectively.
b. What is the mass concentration of each chemical, if they have 10, 17, 6.0 mg/L as O 2
ThOD respectively.

4. Given below the BOD5 and COD values of different wastewater streams. Comment on their;

- Biodegradability,
- Possible origin,
- Potential problems experienced.
Wastewater A: BOD5 = 0 mg/L, COD = 1000 mg/L
Wastewater B: BOD5 = 500 mg/L, COD = 550 mg/L
Wastewater C: BOD5 = 20 mg/L, COD = 2000 mg/L