Muttakhidenov Dias 10A

Criteria C: Processing and evaluating

Maximum : 8

Achievement Level Descriptor

level

0 The student does not reach the standard identified by any of the descriptor below

The student is able to;

i. Collect and present data in numerical and / or visual forms in the investigation to
study effect of chosen factor to the rate of anaerobic cell respiration.
1-2
ii. Interpret the data while investigating effect of chosen factor to the rate of
anaerobic cell respiration.

iii. State the validity of hypothesis based on the outcome of scientific investigation of
effect of chosen factor to the rate of anaerobic cell respiration.

iv. State the validity of the method based on the outcome of a scientific investigation
of effect of chosen factor to the rate of anaerobic cell respiration.

v. State improvements or extensions to the method that would benefit scientific

investigation of chosen factor to the rate of anaerobic cell respiration.

The student is able to;

i. Correctly collect and present data in numerical and / or visual forms in the effect of
chosen factor to the rate of anaerobic cell respiration investigation.

ii. Accurately interpret the data and explain the result of the work while investigating
effect of chosen factor to the rate of anaerobic cell respiration.
3-4
iii. Outline the validity of hypothesis based on the outcome of a scientific investigation
of effect of chosen factor to the rate of anaerobic cell respiration.

iv. Outline the validity of the method based on the outcome of a scientific
investigation of effect of chosen factor to the rate of anaerobic cell respiration.

v. Outline the improvements or extensions to the method that would benefit

scientific investigation of effect of chosen factor to the rate of anaerobic cell
respiration.

The student is able to;

i. Correctly collect, organize and present data in numerical and / or visual forms in
the effect of chosen factor to the rate of anaerobic cell respiration investigation.

ii. Accurately interpret data and explain results using scientific investigation of effect
of chosen factor to the rate of anaerobic cell respiration.

iii. Discuss the validity of a hypothesis based on scientific investigation of effect of

5-6 chosen factor to the rate of anaerobic cell respiration.

iv. Discuss validity of the method based on the outcome of a scientific investigation of
effect of chosen factor to the rate of anaerobic cell respiration.
 v. Describe improvements or extensions to the method used to study the effect of
chosen factor to the rate of anaerobic cell respiration that would benefit scientific
investigation.

The student is able to;

i. Correctly collect, organize; transform the present data in numerical and / or visual
forms in the investigation of effect of chosen factor to the rate of anaerobic cell
respiration.

ii. Accurately interpret data and explain result using correct scientific investigation of
effect of chosen factor to the rate of anaerobic cell respiration.

7-8 iii. Evaluate the validity of the hypothesis based on the outcome of a scientific
investigation of effect of chosen factor to the rate of anaerobic cell respiration.

iv. Evaluate the validity of method based on the outcome of a scientific investigation
of effect of chosen factor to the rate of anaerobic cell respiration.

v. Explain improvements or extensions to the method used to study the effect of

chosen factor to the rate of anaerobic cell respiration, that would benefit scientific
investigation.

Raw data table

Table 1. raw data table of the effect of the temperature of yeast solution with 10 grams of
yeast, 20 grams of sugar, and 100 cm^3 water on the volume of CO2 after 5 minutes,

Temperature Volume of CO2, V, cm^3, ±0.5 Mass of Mass of Volume Time for
of yeast cm^3 yeast, m, sugar, m, of water, anaerobi
solution, T, g, +0.01g g, +0.01g V, cm^3, c
℃, ±0.05℃ Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 +0.5 respirati
cm^3 on, t,
min,
+0.005 s

25.00 11.7 11.5 10.2 10.20 20.31 100.06 5.000

40.00 15.3 15.2 14.5 10.08 20.12 100.12 5.000

55.00 13.2 12.7 13.4 10.31 20.09 99.68 5.000

Calculations
Average volume of CO2

avg (cm^3) = Σvolume / number of trials

For example: (11.7 + 11.5 + 10.2) / 3 = 11.13 cm^3
Rate of reaction
rate (cm^3min^-1) = avg Volume / time taken
For example: 11.13 cm^3 / 5 min = 2.23 cm^3min^-1
Absolute Uncertainty of Volume
Uncertainty of CO2’s Volume (±cm^3) = (max - min) / 2
For example: (11.7 - 10.2) / 2 = 0.75 cm^3 ≈ 0.8 cm^3
Relative uncertainty
Relative uncertainty of the rate of anaerobic respiration = relative uncertainty of avg volume +
relative uncertainty of time taken.
For example: (0.8 / 11.1) + (0.005 / 300) = ±0.07 cm^3min^-1

Processed data table

Table 2. Processed data table of the effect of the Temperature of yeast solution on the rate of
anaerobic respiration, including average volume of CO2 and uncertainty of volume.

Temperature of Average volume Absolute Rate of Relative

yeast solution, T, of CO2, V, cm^3, uncertainty of anaerobic uncertainty of
℃, ±0.05℃ the average respiration, v, the rate of
volume of CO2, cm^3min^-1 anaerobic
±V, ±0.1cm^3 reaction, ±v,
±0.01
cm^3min^-1

25.00 11.1 0.8 2.23 0.07

40.00 15.0 0.4 3.00 0.03

55.00 13.1 0.4 2.62 0.03

Graph
Graph 1. Relationship between Temperature of yeast solution with rate of anaerobic respiration

Explanation of the results and interpretation of data

As the graph 1 represents, as the temperature of yeast solution increases, then the rate of
anaerobic respiration increases too until the 40℃ point, and then decreases. There are 3
different points of temperature that are: 25℃, 40℃, and 55℃, showing the average rate of
anaerobic respiration of yeasts. It is visible that the lowest rate of respiration is on the 25℃
point, which is 2.23 cm^3min^-1. In addition, according to the graph, the highest rate of
anaerobic respiration is with the 40℃ temperature of yeast solution, and at 55℃ the rate
decreases, but it is not the lowest rate on the graph. Lowering in the rate of anaerobic
respiration occurs due to the fact that yeast includes enzymes in itself, as other living organisms,
that help to increase the rate of the reaction inside of it. And, the optimum temperature for
them is about 40℃, where they have the highest productivity and after increasing the
temperature, their rate of reaction decreases, since enzymes start to denature inside of the
yeasts. Also, this trend can be obtained from table 2, where the average volume of the CO2
produced is increasing before the 40℃ point, and the 15 cm^3 decreases until the 13.1 cm^3 at
the 60℃ point. Increase at the rate of the anaerobic respiration happens due to the fact that
having higher temperature leads to the faster movement of the particles, resulting in the more
often collision between each other and therefore increasing the temperature. Consequently, a
person may conclude that the optimum temperature is at the 40℃ and that as the temperature
of yeast solution increases, then the rate of anaerobic respiration will increase too, until the
optimum point and decrease afterwards.

Evaluation of the hypothesis

The hypothesis that was created before conducting the experiment was that “If the
temperature of the yeast solution increases, then the rate of anaerobic respiration will increase,
but get lower after the certain temperature.” And according to the obtained results, there is a
confidence in saying that the hypothesis can be accepted, since the results support the trend
that was described in it. For example, table 2 shows the tendency, where the rate of anaerobic
respiration increases, while the temperature increases, however then decreases at 55℃. It
provides clear evidence that the hypothesis is correct and suits the experiment and results
itself. In addition, the graph 1 shows the same tendency of the rate of anaerobic respiration
during the experiment. It first increases and then after 40℃ decreases. It was happening due to
the fact that enzymes inside of the yeast are denaturing after 40℃. Denaturing of the enzymes
means that they are not able to serve as the catalysts in the anaerobic respiration.

Evaluation of the method

During the experiment, there was one abnormal result. For example, on table 1, at the third
trial of 25℃, the volume of CO2 produced is relatively lower than the maximum value for 1.5
cm^3 of CO2, which is a really great amount of difference that was influencing the overall
results and uncertainties. This abnormal result may be created due to the human error during
the experiment, since the lower temperature will lead to the lower rate of the anaerobic
respiration and the student that was heating and measuring the temperature of the beaker
might not have warmed up to the right temperature.
In addition, after conducting this experiment, it is unrealistic to create a linear graph, since the
obtained results go firstly up, and then lower. This tendency creates not a linear relationship
between the IV and DV, but a quadratic relationship. Because the line that was adjusted to the
points is made from the quadratic equation and created a parabola. If the results would be
under the 40℃, then the relationship of the temperature of yeast solution and rate of
anaerobic respiration would be linearly proportional. In other words, as the temperature
increases, then the rate of reaction will increase too.
Also, this method lacks the temperature preservation during the whole experiment. This part of
the experiment is crucial because having leaks of the heat to the surroundings may lead to the
lower temperature of the yeast solution and having unreliable results.
Improvements
Use the Janus Green B indicator during the experiment. This indicator allows students to watch
for the oxygen level inside of a system. According to CellPath (2024), this indicator turns into the
blue or green state and pink or colorless in the absence of oxygen. It is a really helpful indicator,
since the oxygen in the respiration plays a vital role, since with the help of oxygen, the organism
can produce more product after the respiration, where CO2 is included as well and in higher
levels. That is why students should know whether there is no oxygen in the system, because it
may bring the wrong results.
During the experiment, have not 3, but 5 trials for each value of Independent Variable.
Increasing the number of trials will positively affect the average volume of the CO2 produced,
since there will be more results and lower chance of getting the abnormal results. It is essential
to do, since it will have beneficial effects on the precision of the experiment itself.
Extensions
Change the IV from the temperature of the yeast solution to the concentration of sugar in it.
The graph of this experiment will not be the same as in this, since the higher amount of the
sugar will not decrease the volume of CO2 produced during the anaerobic respiration. It will be
directly proportional, since as the sugar increases, then there are more molecules of sugar to
react and as a result produce more products as CO2.
Use different types of sugar as the IV. There are some types of sugar like: glucose, sucrose and
fructose. All of them can be used in the experiment and not the concentration of glucose, but
the types of sugar will be more interesting, since their structures are really similar to each other.
The obtained results will be tested on the histogram or default linear graph.

Bibliography
CellPath. (2024, January 4). J is for Janus Green B. CellPath.

https://www.cellpath.com/latest-news/j-is-for-janus-green-b

Cohesive Chemistry. (2021, June 17). Skill - How do we calculate absolute, relative and

percentage uncertainty? [Video]. YouTube.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=swOFDpnAGVk

Peter Bohacek. (2013). Uncertainty Help. Physics Explorations with Direct Measurement Videos.

https://www.webassign.net/bohphysvl1/uncertainty.pdf