AHSANULLAH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

SESSIONAL REPORT

Course No. : EEE 2106

Course Title : Energy Conversion I

Experiment No. :9
Name of Experiment : Study of 1-phase Induction Motor

Date of Performance : 05.09.2021

Date of Submission : 13.09.2021

Submitted By:

Name : Sirajus Arefin

Student ID : 19.02.05.049
Year : 2nd
Semester: : 1st
Section : A (A2)
Objective: The objective of this experiment is to study about 1-phase induction
motor.
Equipment List:
1. LC meter
2. 1-phase Variac
3. Wattmeter
4. AC Voltmeter (0-300 V)
5. AC Ammeter (0-2.5 A)
6. Tachometer
7. Wire for connection
Circuit Diagram:
Report:
1. In step-B why did the motor rotate in both directions?
Ans: A single phase motor doesn’t have any net starting torque. The stator
generates a magnetic field which is stationary pulsating. According to the
Double Field Revolving Theory, this stationary magnetic field is the resultant of
two magnetic fields rotating in opposite directions which are generated by the
two windings at the stator. Because of each RMF, oppositely indicated torque is
produced on the rotor at the same time. These torques cancel out each other
and the resultant is 0. Once a rotor is running, it can gain rated voltage in both
directions, thus rotate in both directions.

2. What is the purpose of capacitor in step-C? Explain.

Ans: A single phase induction motor cannot start on its own, as it can’t
generate rotating torque. Capacitor is used with the starting winding to
increase motor starting torque. When a capacitor is connected, it produces a
torque, and the starting current will lead the voltage and the motor can rotate
without starting it by hand externally. It actually helps the starting torque to
gain maximum value.
3. What have you noticed when you switched-off the SPST in step-C?
Ans: When I switched off the SPST in step-C, the motor was still running
properly.
4. Why does the motor continue to run in step-C, when the SPST was
switched off?
Ans: We know from the Double Field Revolving Theory, after achieving rated
voltage the motor can run without auxiliary winding. As the motor has already
achieved rated condition, it was still running when the SPST was switched off,
even without auxiliary winding.
Discussion: The purpose of this experiment was to learn about single phase
induction motors, a device that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy.
We used a single-phase source to provide voltage. The beginning winding aids the
motor's start-up and torque output. After the motor reaches the rated toque, the
primary winding keeps the motor running and the phase difference between
these two windings is 90 degrees. As a result of two spinning magnetic fields
oppose one other, a magnetic field is created. The resulting value of starting
torque is zero. As a result, the motor would not spin and we had to manually start
it by spinning the rotor by hand.
The rotor may be rotated on both sides here as the outcome is the same in both
directions and the motor is functional. The motor reaches its rated condition after
initiating the starting torque. The motor may thus be kept running by the main
winding. The rotor continued to spin even when the SPST switch was turned off.
We may also use a capacitor in series with the auxiliary winding to start the motor
automatically and it can start because of a starting torque.
We have also learned about Split Phasing. It is a technique to prevent copper loss.
In this case, the primary winding resistance should be kept to a minimum. In
addition, both coils must create a rotating magnetic field.
The device is inexpensive, easy to build and maintain and has a wide range of
usage. It is used in ceiling fans, water pumps, washing machines and other
appliances.