Chapter 6

Matrices

1. The number of 3 × 3 non-singular matrices, with 4. Statement-1 : Determinant of a skew-symmetric

four entries as 1 and all other entries as 0, is matrix of order 3 is zero.
[AIEEE-2010] Statement-2 : For any matrix A, det(AT) = det(A)
and det(–A) = –det(A).
(1) Less than 4 (2) 5
Where det(B) denotes the determinant of matrix B.
(3) 6 (4) At least 7
Then [AIEEE-2011]
2. Let A be a 2 × 2 matrix with non-zero entries and (1) Statement-1 is false and statement-2 is true
let A2 = I, where I is 2 × 2 identity matrix. Define
(2) Statement-1 is true and statement-2 is false
Tr(A) = sum of diagonal elements of A and
(3) Both statements are true
|A| = determinant of matrix A.
(4) Both statements are false
Statement-1 : Tr(A) = 0.
5. If   1 is the complex cube root of unity and
Statement-2 : |A| = 1. [AIEEE-2010]  0 
matrix H =  70
 , then H is equal to
(1) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true;  0 
Statement-2 is a correct explanation for [AIEEE-2011]
Statement-1 (1) H2 (2) H
(2) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; (3) 0 (4) – H
Statement-2 is not a correct explanation for
Statement-1 1 0 0 
 
6. Let A   2 1 0  if u 1 and u 2 are column
(3) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false 3 2 1 
 
(4) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true
 1 0
   
3. Consider the following relation R on the set of real matrices such that Au1   0  and Au2   1  ,
square matrices of order 3. 0 0
   
R = {(A, B)|A = P–1 BP for some invertible matrix P}. then u1 + u2 is equal to [AIEEE-2012]
Statement-1 : R is an equivalence relation.
 1  1
Statement-2 : For any two invertible 3 × 3 (1)  1   
 
(2)  1
matrices M and N, (MN)–1 = N–1M–1.  1 0
   
[AIEEE-2011]
1  1
(1) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false    
(3)  1 (4) 1
(2) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true  1 0
   
(3) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true;
7. If A is an 3 × 3 non-singular matrix such that
statement-2 is a correct explanation for
statement-1 AA  AA and B  A1A , then BB equals
[JEE (Main)-2014]
(4) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true;
statement-2 is not a correct explanation for (1) B–1 (2) (B 1)
statement-1 (3) I + B (4) I
Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456
  0 2q r 
1 2 2   
12. Let A   p q T
r  . If AA = I3, then |p| is
8. If A =  2 1 2  is a matrix satisfying the
 p q 
a 2 b   r 

equation AAT = 9I, where I is 3 × 3 identity matrix, [JEE (Main)-2019]

then the ordered pair (a, b) is equal to
[JEE (Main)-2015] 1 1
(1) (2)
(1) (2, –1) (2) (–2, 1) 3 6

(3) (2, 1) (4) (–2, –1) 1 1

(3) (4)
5 2
cos  – sin 
9. If A =  sin  cos   , then the matrix
  13. Let A and B be two invertible matrices of order 3 × 3.
If det(ABAT) = 8 and det(AB–1) = 8, then det(BA–1BT)
 is equal to [JEE (Main)-2019]
A–50 when  = , is equal to
12 (1) 1 (2) 16
[JEE (Main)-2019]
1 1
(3) (4)
16 4
1  3  1 3
2 2   2 2 
   1 0 0
(1)  3  (2) 1
14. Let P  3 1 0  and Q = [q ij ] be two 3 × 3
 1  – 3
 2 2   2 2 
9 3 1

q21  q31
 3 1   3 1 matrices such that Q – P5 = l3. Then is
   –  q32
 2 2   2 2 
(3)  1 3  (4)  1 3  equal to [JEE (Main)-2019]
 – 2 2   2 2  (1) 10 (2) 135
(3) 9 (4) 15
e t t
e cos t t 
e sin t
   cos   sin  
A  e t t t
e cos t  e sin t t t
e sin t  e cos t  , 15. Let A    , (  R ) such that
10. If  t t   sin  cos  
e 2e sin t 2e  t cos t
 
 0 1
A32    . Then a value of  is
then A is [JEE (Main)-2019] 1 0 
(1) Invertible only if t =  [JEE (Main)-2019]
(2) Invertible for all tR.
 
(1) (2)
 32 64
(3) Invertible only if t 
2

(4) Not invertible for any tR. (3) 0 (4)
16
16. Let the numbers 2, b, c be in an A.P. and
2 b 1
 
11. Let A  b b  1 b  where b > 0. Then
2
1 1 1
 
 1 b 2  A  2 b c  . If det(A)  [2, 16], then c lies in
 4 b2 c 2 
[JEE (Main)-2019] 
the interval [JEE (Main)-2019]
(1) – 3 (2) 3
(1) [2, 3) (2) (2 + 23/4, 4)
(3) 2 3 (4) –2 3 (3) [3, 2 + 23/4] (4) [4, 6]

Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456
  1 1  1 2   1 3   1 n  1  1 78  2 2  1 0
17. If     ...    , 22. If A  and I    , then 10A is
–1
   1  0 1  9 4  0 1
0 1 0 1 0 1 0
equal to [JEE (Main)-2020]
1 n  (1) 6I – A (2) 4I – A
then the inverse of   is [JEE (Main)-2019]
0 1  (3) A – 4I (4) A – 6I
1 1 2
 1 0  1 13 
(1)   0 23. If the matrices A  1 3 4  , B = adj A and
1 
(2)
13 1  1 1 3 
| adj B |
 1 12   1 0 C = 3A, then
(3)  | C | is equal to
1  12 1
(4)
0  
[JEE (Main)-2020]
18. The total number of matrices (1) 16 (2) 2
(3) 72 (4) 8
 0 2y 1
  24. Let A be a 2 × 2 real matrix with entries from
A   2x y 1 , (x, y  R, x  y) for
{0, 1} and |A|  0. Consider the following two
 2x y 1  statements [JEE (Main)-2020]

(P) If A  I2, then |A| = –1
which ATA = 3I3 is [JEE (Main)-2019]
(Q) If |A| = 1, then tr(A) = 2,
(1) 6 (2) 3
where I2 denotes 2 × 2 identity matrix and tr(A)
(3) 4 (4) 2 denotes the sum of the diagonal entries of A. Then
19. If A is a symmetric matrix and B is a skew- [JEE (Main)-2020]
(1) (P) is true and (Q) is false
2 3 
symmetric matrix such that A  B    , then (2) Both (P) and (Q) are false
5 –1
(3) Both (P) and (Q) are true
AB is equal to [JEE (Main)-2019]
(4) (P) is false and (Q) is true
 4 –2   4 –2  25. Let A = {X = (x, y, z)T : PX = 0 and x2 + y2 + z2 = 1},
(1)   (2)  –1 –4 
 1 –4   
 1 2 1
 –4 –2  –4 2  where P   2 3 4  , then the set A

(3)   (4)  1 4  1 9 1
 –1 4   
[JEE (Main)-2020]
(1) Is an empty set.
 5 2 1 
20. If B   0 2 1  is the inverse of a 3 × 3 (2) Contains more than two elements.

(3) Contains exactly two elements.
 3 –1
(4) Is a singleton.
matrix A, then the sum of all value of  for which 26. Let A be a 3 × 3 matrix such that
det (A) + 1 = 0, is [JEE (Main)-2019]
(1) –1 (2) 2  2 –1 1 
adj A  –1 0 2  and B = adj(adj A).
(3) 0 (4) 1
 1 –2 –1 
21. Let  be a root of the equation x2 + x + 1 = 0 and
If A   and (B –1 )T  , then the ordered pair,,
1 1 1
1     ,  is equal to [JEE (Main)-2020]
the matrix A  1   2  , then the matrix
3 2 
1  4   1
(1) (3, 81) (2)  9, 9 
A31 is equal to [JEE (Main)-2020]  
(1) A2 (2) A  1  1
(3) I3 (4) A3
(3)  3,  (4)  9, 81 
 81   

Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456
 34. Let A be a symmetric matrix of order 2 with integer
 cos  i sin     a b 
27. If A    ,    and A5   , entries. If the sum of the diagonal elements of A2 is
i sin  cos   24  c d  1, then the possible number of such matrices is :
where i  1, then which one of the following is [JEE (Main)-2021]
not true? [JEE (Main)-2020] (1) 6 (2) 1
(3) 4 (4) 12
2 12
(1) a  b  (2) a2 – c2 =1
2
1 0 0 
(3) a2 – d2 = 0 (4) 0  a2 + b2  1 35. If the matrix A  0 2 0  satisfies the
3 0 1
  cos  sin  
28. Let   and A   4
 . If B = A + A ,
5   sin  cos  
 1 0 0
then det (B) [JEE (Main)-2020]
equation A 20 19
 A  A  0 4 0 for some
(1) Lies in (2, 3) (2) Is zero. 0 0 1
(3) Is one (4) Lies in (1, 2)
real numbers  and , then  –  is equal to
29. The number of all 3  3 matrices A, with enteries ______. [JEE (Main)-2021]
from the set {–1, 0, 1} such that the sum of the
diagonal elements of AAT is 3, is ____________. 36. The total number of 3 × 3 matrices A having entries
from the set {0, 1, 2, 3} such that the sum of all
[JEE (Main)-2020]
the diagonal entries of AA T is 9, is equal to
_______. [JEE (Main)-2021]
 x 1
30. Let A , x  R and A 4 = [a ij ]. If
 1 0 a  b1 
37. Let A   1  and B    be two 2 × 1 matrices
a11 = 109, then a22 is equal to _________.
 a2  b 2 
[JEE (Main)-2020] with real entries such that A = XB, where
31. Let A and B be 3 × 3 real matrices such that A is
1 1 1
 , and k  R. If a1  a2   b1  b2 
X 2 2
symmetric matrix and B is skew-symmetric matrix. 
2 2 2
3 1 k  3
Then the system of linear equations (A2B2 – B2A2)
X = O, where X is a 3 × 1 column matrix of and (k 2  1) b22  2b1b2 , then the value of k is
unknown variables and O is a 3 × 1 null matrix,
has : [JEE (Main)-2021] _____. [JEE (Main)-2021]

(1) exactly two solutions a b     0 

(2) infinitely many solutions 38. Let A =   and B =      such that AB
c d     0 
(3) no solution = B and a + d = 2021, then the value of ad – bc
(4) a unique solution is equal to ____. [JEE (Main)-2021]

 1   T  1 2 0  2 1 5 
32. If for the matrix, A =   , AA = I2, then the    2 1 6 
   39. Let A  2B   6 3 3  and 2A – B   .
 5 3 1 0 1 2 
value of  4  4 is : [JEE (Main)-2021]
If Tr(A) denotes the sum of all diagonal elements of
(1) 1 (2) 2 the matrix A, then Tr(A) – Tr(B) has value equal to:
(3) 4 (4) 3 (1) 1 (2) 3
[JEE (Main)-2021]
(3) 0 (4) 2
33. Let A be a 3 × 3 matrix with det(A) = 4. Let Ri
[JEE (Main)-2021]
denote the ith row of A. If a matrix B is obtained
40. Define a relation R over a class of n × n real
by performing the operation R2  2R2 + 5R3 on
matrices A and B as “ARB iff there exists a non-
2A, then det(B) is equal to : [JEE (Main)-2021]
singular matrix P such that PAP –1 = B”. Then
(1) 64 (2) 128 which of the following is true?
(3) 80 (4) 16 [JEE (Main)-2021]

Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456
 (1) R is reflexive, symmetric but not transitive
 1 0
(2) R is an equivalence relation 47. If P  1  , then P50 is
 2 1
(3) R is symmetric, transitive but not reflexive
[JEE (Main)-2021]
(4) R is reflexive, transitive but not symmetric
 1 25   1 0
2 3  (1)   (2)  
41. Let A    , a  R be written as P + Q where 0 1  50 1
a 0 
P is a symmetric matrix and Q is skew symmetric  1 0  1 50 
(3)   (4)  
matrix. If det(Q) = 9, then the modulus of the sum 25 1 0 1 
of all possible values of determinant of P is equal to
1 2
[JEE (Main)-2021] 48. Let A =  . If A–1 = I + A, ,   R, I is
(1) 24 (2) 18  1 4 
2  2 identity matrix, then 4( – ) is
(3) 45 (4) 36
[JEE (Main)-2021]
 1 –1 0  8
  (1) (2) 5
42. Let A   0 1 –1 and B = 7A20 – 20A7 + 2I, 3
0 0 1  (3) 4 (4) 2
 
49. Let A and B be two 3 × 3 real matrices such that
where I is an identity matrix of order 3 × 3. If
(A2 – B2) is invertible matrix. If A5 = B5 and A3B2 =
B = [bij], then b13 is equal to _______. A2B3, then the value of the determinant of the matrix
[JEE (Main)-2021] A3 + B3 is equal to [JEE (Main)-2021]
43. Let A = {aij} be a 3 × 3 matrix, where (1) 1 (2) 2
(3) 4 (4) 0
( 1) j – i if i  j , 1 1 1

aij  2 if i  j , 50. If A  0 1 1 and M = A + A2 + A3 + ...+ A20,
 203117
i j 0 0 1
( 1) if i  j ,
then the sum of all the elements of the matrix M is
then det(3 Adj(2A–1)) is equal to _____. equal to ________. [JEE (Main)-2021]
[JEE (Main)-2021] 51. Two fair dice are thrown. The numbers on them are
taken as  and , and a system of linear equations
44. Let A = [aij] be a real matrix of order 3 × 3, such
x+y+z=5
that ai1 + ai2 + ai3 = 1, for i = 1, 2, 3. Then, the
sum of all the entries of the matrix A3 is equal to x + 2y + 3z = 
[JEE (Main)-2021] x + 3y + z = 1
(1) 1 (2) 3 is constructed. If p is the probability that the
system has a unique solution and q is the
(3) 2 (4) 9 probability that the system has no solution, then
[JEE (Main)-2021]
0 1 0  1 1 5 5
45. Let A   1 0 0  . Then the number of 3 × 3 (1) p  and q  (2) p  and q 
  6 36 6 36
0 0 1
1 5 5 1
matrices B with entries from the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} (3) p  and q  (4) p  and q 
6 36 6 36
and satisfying AB = BA is _______.
[JEE (Main)-2021] 0 2 
52. If the matrix A   3
 satisfies A(A + 3I) =
 K  1
 n
 0 i   a b  a b  2I, then the value of K is : [JEE (Main)-2021]
46. Let S  n  N |       a, b, c, d    ,
  1 0  c d  c d  1
(1) (2) –1
where i  –1. Then the number of 2-digit 2
numbers in the set S is _______.
1
[JEE (Main)-2021] (3) 1 (4) 
2
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53. The number of elements is the set
0 1 0
0 0 1
59. Let X =  , Y = I + X + X2 and
 a b 3 
3 0 0 0 
A    : a, b, d  {1, 0, 1} and (I  A)  I  A ,
  0 d 

where I is 2 × 2 identity matrix, is _______.

2 2
 2

Z =  I   X     X ,      .

[JEE (Main)-2021]

5a b   2 1
54. If A   and A.adj A = A AT, then 5a + b 1 5 
3 2  5
5

1 2 
is equal to : [JEE (Main)-2021] If Y 1   0 , then ( –  + )2 is equal
 5 5 
0 
(1) 5 (2) 4  0 1
(3) 13 (4) –1  5 

 2 3  to ___________. [JEE (Main)-2022]

55. If A   2
 , then adj (3A + 12A) is equal to
 4 1 
[JEE (Main)-2021] 60. Let A be a matrix of order 2 × 2, whose entries
are from the set {0, 1, 3, 4, 5}. If the sum of all
 51 63   51 84  the entries of A is a prime number p, 2 < p < 8,
(1)   (2) 63 72  then the number of such m atrices A is
84 72    ___________. [JEE (Main)-2022]

 72 63   72 84  1  i 1
(3)   (4)  63 51  61. Let A    where i  1. Then, the
 84 51     i 0
num ber of elements in the set
0 2
56. Let A    . If M and N are two matrices given
2 0 
n  1, 2, ..., 100 : An  A is ________.
[JEE (Main)-2022]
10 10
by M   A2k and N  A2k 1 then MN2 is :
62. Let A = [aij] be a square matrix of order 3 such
that aij = 2j–i, for all i, j = 1, 2, 3. Then, the matrix
k 1 k 1
A2 + A3 + … + A10 is equal to :
[JEE (Main)-2022]
[JEE (Main)-2022]
(1) a non-identity symmetric matrix
 310  3   310  1 
(2) a skew-symmetric matrix
(1)  2  A (2) 
 2 
A
(3) neither symmetric nor skew-symmetric matrix    

(4) an identity matrix

 310  1   310  3 
57. Let A be a 3 × 3 matrix having entries from the set (3)  2  A (4) 
 2 
A
   
{–1, 0, 1}. The number of all such matrices A
having sum of all the entries equal to 5, is
____________. [JEE (Main)-2022]  0 – 
63. Let M    , where  is a non-zero real
 0 
 2 2   1 2  49
58. Let A =   and B =   . Then the
 1 1   1 2  number an N   M 2k . If (I – M 2 )N  –2I, then
k 1
number of elements in the set {(n, m) : n, m  {
1, 2……….., 10} and nA n + mB m = I} is the positive integral value of  is ____ .
____________. [JEE (Main)-2022] [JEE (Main)-2022]
Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456
 70. Which of the following matrices can NOT be
 2 1 1
  3i  1
A   1 0 1  1 2 
64. Let and B = A – I. If   ,
 1 1 0  2 obtained from the matrix   by a single
   1 1
then the number of elements in the set
elementary row operation?
n  1,2,....,100 : A n n
 is equal to
  B   A  B [JEE (Main)-2022]
_______.
[JEE (Main)-2022] 0 1   1 1
(1)   (2)  –1 2 
 1 1  
 1 2
65. Let A    . Let , ,   be such that
 2 5 
 1 2   1 2 
A2 + A = 2I. Then  +  is equal to (3)   (4)  1 3 
 2 7   
[JEE (Main)-2022]
(1) –10 (2) –6
(3) 6 (4) 10 1  1 2 3 
x  1 and A   0 1 6 .
  For k  , if
66. Let S be the set containing all 3 × 3 matrices with 71. Let
1  0 0 1
entries from {–1, 0, 1}. The total number of
matrices A  S such that the sum of all the
diagonal elements of AT A is 6 is ________. X  Ak X  33, then k is equal to _______.
[JEE (Main)-2022]
[JEE (Main)-2022]
 4 2 
67. Let A    If A2 + A + 18I = 0, then det (A)
    92 102 112 
1  
is equal to ______.  
72. Let A  1 and B   122 13 2 142  , then
[JEE (Main)-2022]  
1  152 162 172 
(1) –18 (2) 18  
(3) –50 (4) 50
the value of ABA is [JEE (Main)-2022]
 1 1  1 
68. Let A    and B   1 0  , ,   R. Let 1 (1) 1224 (2) 1042
2    
be the value of  which satisf ies (3) 540 (4) 539

2 2 
 A  B 2  A 2    and 2 be the value of   1 a  
2 2  73. Let S =  0 b  ; a, b  {1, 2, 3, ..... 100}  and let
  
which satisfies (A + B)2 = B2. Then 1  2 is
equal to _________. T = {A  S : An(n + 1) = I}. Then the number of
n

[JEE (Main)-2022]
100
69. Let A and B be any two 3 × 3 symmetric and skew  T
symmetric matrices respectively. Then Which of the elements in n  1 n is ____. [JEE (Main)-2022]
following is NOT true?
[JEE (Main)-2022]
(1) A – B is a symmetric matrix
4 4 74. The number of matrices of order 3 × 3, whose entries
are either 0 or 1 and the sum of all the entries is a
(2) AB – BA is a symmetric matrix
prime number, is _________.
(3) B5 – A5 is a skew-symmetric matrix
(4) AB + BA is a skew-symmetric matrix [JEE (Main)-2022]

Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456
Matrices
1. Answer (4) 5. Answer (2)
  0   0 
1 * *  H2    
 
Consider  * 1 *  . By placing a1 in any one of  0   0 
 * * 1 2 0
  H2   
the 6 * position and 0 elsewhere. W e get 6  0 2 
nonsingular matrices.
3 0
H3   
 * * 1  0 3 
 
Similarly  * 1 *  gives at least one nonsingular
1 * *   70 0   0 
  Similarly H 70    
 0 70   0 
2. Answer (3)
=H
A satisfies A2 – Tr(A). A + (det A)I = 0 comparing
with A2 – I = 0, it follows Tr A = 0, |A| = –1.  70

3. Answer (2)  is complex cube root of unity
6. Answer (3)
R is Reflexive
7. Answer (4)
Let ARB
BB '  ( A1.A ')( A( A1)')
i.e., A = P–1BP
= A–1.A.A'.(A–1)1 {as AA' = A'A}
PA = BP
= I(A–1A)'
PAP–1 = B = I.I = I2 = I
PAP–1  P–1 AP 8. Answer (4)
Hence R is not equivalence  1 2 2   1 2 a  9 0 0 
 Statement 1 is false  2 1 2  2 1 2   0 9 0 
 
 Statement 2 is true a 2 b  2 2 b  0 0 9 

4. Answer (2) a  4  2b  0
For skew-symmetric matrix 2a  2  2b  0
AT = – A a  1 b  0
det AT = det (–A) ( det (–A) = – det A for 2a  2b  2
det A = – det A matrix of odd order)
a  2b  4
2 det A = 0  det A = 0
Statement 1 is true. 3a  6
Statement 2 : a  2
For every matrix det (AT ) = det (A) 2  1  b  0
But det (–A) = – det A is true for matrix of odd b=–1
order. a=–2
 Statement 1 is ture and Statement 2 is false. (–2, –1)
 T
1 b 2
  cos   sin  
adj( A )   
  sin   cos    2(2b 2  2 – b 2 ) – b(2b – b )  1( b 2 – b 2 – 1)

 cos  sin   = 2b2 + 4 – b2 – 1 = b2 + 3

 A 1    B
  sin  cos  
A 3
b
 cos  sin    cos  sin   b b
B2    
  sin  cos     sin  cos  
3
b 1

 cos 2 sin 2   b   b·3  2

=    
2  b
  sin 2 cos 2 

 cos3 sin3  A
B3    2 3
  sin3 cos 3  b

 cos(50) sin(50 )  A
 A 50  B 50    Minimum value of is 2 3 .
  sin(50) cos(50 ) b

Option (3) is correct.

 3 1 
  12. Answer (4)
2 2 
( A50 )  
  1 3
12
  0 2q r 
 2 2 
A   p q r 
10. Answer (2)  p q r 
det(A) = |A|

et e t cos t e  t sin t 0 2q r  0 p p
 A  AT   p q r   2q q q 
 et e t cos t  e t sin t e t sin t  e t cos t
 p q r   r r r 
et 2e t sin t 2e t cos t

1 cos t sin t  4q 2  r 2 2q 2  r 2 2q 2  r 2 

 et  e  t  e t 1  cos t  sin t  sin t  cos t  
  2q 2  r 2 p2  q 2  r 2 p2  q 2  r 2 
1 2 sin t 2cos t  2q 2  r 2 p2  q 2  r 2 p 2  q 2  r 2 


0 2cos t  sin t 2sin t  cos t  AAT = I

t R  R1  R2
e 0  cos t  3sin t  sin t  3cos t 1
R2  R2  R3  4q2 + r2 = p2 + q2 + r2 = 1
1 2sin t 2cos t
and 2q2 – r2 = 0 = p2 – q2 – r2
0 5 sin t 5 cos t  p2 = 3q2 and r2 = 2q2
t
e 0  cos t  3 sin t  sin t  3 cos t R1  R1  2R2
1 2 sin t 2cos t 1 1 1
 p 2  , q 2  and r 2 
2 6 3
 5e t  0, t  R 1
 | p|  .
 A is invertible 2
 x y Similarly A8  A 4 .A4 
sin8 cos8 
 |ABAT| = 8  |A| |B| |AT| = 8
 xyx = 8  x2y = 8 …(i) cos32  sin32  0 1
and so on A32   
 sin 32 cos32   1 0 
1
 |AB–1| = 8  |A| |B–1| = 8  x  8 …(ii)
y So sin32 = 1 and cos32 = 0
From (i) & (ii)  n 
 32  2n    where n Z
1 2 16 64
x  4, y 
2

put n = 0,  
1 y 1 2 64
 | BA1BT |  | B || A1 || BT |  y . .y  
x x 16 16. Answer (4)
Option (3) is correct.
1 1 1
14. Answer (1)
A  2 b c
 1 0 0  1 0 0  1 0 0 4 b2 c2
P  3 1 0 3 1 0 
2  6 1 0
 
9 3 1 9 3 1 27 6 1 c2 c2 – c1, c3 c3 – c1

1 0 0
 1 0 0  1 0 0  1 0 0 
A  2 b2 c 2
P   6 1 0  6 1 0   12 1 0 
4

27 6 1  27 6 1  90 12 1  4  b  2  b  2   c  2  c  2 

  b  2  c  2  c  b 
 1 0 0   1 0 0  1 0 0
P  12 1 0   3 1 0   15 1 0
5     
2, b, c are in A.P.  (b – 2) = (c – b) = d, c – 2 =
90 12 1   9 3 1  135 15 1 2d  |A| = d.2d.d = 2d3

 A   2,16  1  d 3  8  1  d  2
 2 0 0
Q  I3  P 5   15 2 0 
4  2d  2  6  4  c  6
 135 15 2
17. Answer (2)
q21  q31 15  135
  10 1 1 1 2  1 3  1 4  1 n  1 1 78 
q32 15 0 1 0 1  0 1  0 1  ... 0 1   0 1 
        
15. Answer (2)
 1 1  2  3  ....  (n  1)   1 78 
cos   sin    0 1   0 1 
A    
 sin  cos  
(n  1) n
  78
cos   sin   cos   sin   2
A2  
sin  cos    sin  cos    n = 13

cos 2  sin 2   1 13   1 13 

 Now, inverse of   1 
sin 2 cos 2  0 1  0
  1 1 1   2x  y 1  1 1 1  1 1 1 
1  
A  1  2  1  2 
2
3 2  2 
8 x 2 0 0  3 0 0  1    1   
 
 0 6y 2 0  0 3 0 
  3 0 0   1 0 0 
 0 0 3  0 0 3  1
  0 0 3   0 1 0 
3
0 3 0  0 1 0 
 8x2 = 3, 6y2 = 3

3 1  1 0 0  1 0 0 1 0 0
x ,y 
8 2 A  0 0 1 0 0 1  0 1 0   I3
4

0 1 0  0 1 0  0 0 1

Total combinations of (x, y) = 2 × 2 = 4
19. Answer (2)  A31 = A3

a c  0 d 22. Answer (4)

Let A    and B  
c b   d 0 
2 2
A 
9 4 
 a c  d  2 3 
 AB   
c  d b  5 1  Every square matrix satisfying characteristic
equation
 a = 2, b = –1, c – d = 5, c + d = 3
 |A – I| = 0
 a = 2, b = –1, c = 4, d = –1
2   2 
 2 4  0 1  4 2    9 0
 AB       4   
 4 1  1 0   1 4 
 ( – 4)( – 2) = 18
20. Answer (4)
 2 – 6 – 10 = 0
As B = A–1
 A2 – 6A – 10I = 0
1
B  (By Pre multiplication of A–1 both sides)
A
 A  6I  10 A1
5 2 1
23. Answer (4)
Now, B  0 2 1  2 2  2  25
 3 1 22 3
adj B adj(adj A) A  A
  3   
Given, |A| + 1 = 0 C 3A 3 A  3 

1
1 0 1 1 2
2 2  2  25
 A  1 3 4  1(13)  1( 1)  2( 4)  6
2
2  2  24 1 1 3
 0
2 2  2  25
3
 = 4, –3 adj B 6
Hence,   8
C 3
Sum of values = 1
  |A| = ad – bc
 ad = 0 or 1 and bc = 0 or 1  cos n i sin n 
 An    ,n  N
so possible values of |A| are 1, 0 or –1 i sin n cos n 

(P) If A  I2 then |A| is either 0 or –1

 cos5 i sin5  a b 
(Q) If |A| = 1 then ad = 1 and bc = 0  A5    
 i sin5 cos5  c d 
 a = d = 1  Tr(A) = 2
25. Answer (3)  a  cos5, b  i sin5  c, d  cos5
 det(P) = 0  a2 – b2 = cos25 + sin25 = 1
So the system has infinitely many solutions.
a2 – c2 = cos25 + sin25 = 1
All solution lies on the line of intersection of planes
a2 – d2 = cos25 – cos25 = 1
x + 2y + z = 0, –2x + 3y – 4z = 0 and x + 9y – z = 0
10
iˆ jˆ kˆ a2 + b2 = cos25 – sin25 = cos10= cos
24
1 2 1 = – 11iˆ  2 jˆ  7kˆ
–2 3 –4 5
and 0  cos 1  0  a2 + b2  1
12
So, x = –11 , y = 2, z = 7
 option (1) is not true
 x2 + y2 + z2 = 1
28. Answer (4)
1 1
 2 =  = ±
174 174  cos  sin  
 A 
Two values of  gives two triplets of (x, y, z)  – sin  cos  
26. Answer (3)
 cos n sin n 
Here adj A  2(4)  1(1– 2)  1(2)  An    , n N
 – sin n cos n 

adj A  9
  cos  sin    cos4 sin4 
B  A  A4    
and adj A  A
n –1
9  sin  cos   sin4 cos4

 2 = 9   = ±3 { A   }   4  4 
 cos 5  cos 5 sin  sin
5 5 
Now  B 
 – sin  – sin 4 cos   cos 4 
( n –1)2  5 5 5 5 
B  adj (adj A)  A   4  3 4  81

Now  0 1
det(B) = 2 sin   .
 5  –1 0
–1 –1 1 1
  (B –1 )T  (BT )–1  (BT )  B  
B 81
10 – 2 5 2.35
=   1.175
2 2
So   ,     3, 81
1

  det B  (1, 2)
 g h i  34. Answer (3)

a c 
 a b c  a d g  Let A   
c b 
AAT  d e f   b e h 
g h i   c f i 
a c   a c  a  c ac  bc 
2 2
A2       
tr(AA–T) = a2 + b2 + c2 + d2 + e2 + f2 + g2 + h2 + i2 c b  c b  ac  bc c2  b2 
=3
a2 + b2 + 2c2 = 1 as a, b, cz
 Three among a, b, c,...i should be 1 or –1 rest
all 0 c = 0 and a, b = ±1
Total 4 matrices are possible
 Number of ways = 9C3.23 = 672
35. Answer (4)
30. Answer (10)

 x 1  x 1  x 2  1 x   1 0 0  1 0 0
A2   

 1 0  1 0  x 1
  A  0 4 0  ,A 0 16 0  ,......
2  4

0 0 1 0 0 1

x2  1 x  x2  1 x 
A4    
 x 1  x 1
1 0 0 1 0 0
20 19    
( x  1)  x
2 2 2
x( x  1)  x 
2 So, A  A  A  0 220 0    0 219 0
  0 0 1 3 0 –1
2
x 2  1     
 x( x  1)  x
Given (x2 + 1)2 + x2 = 109
1 0 0 
Let x2 + 1 = t
  0 2 0 
t2 + t – 1 = 109 3 0 –1
 (t – 10)(t + 11) = 0
 t = 10 = x2 + 1 = a22
1    0 0 
31. Answer (2)  
0 220  219  2 0 
Let C = A2B2 – B2A2 = 
3  3 0 1–  –  
Then CT = (A2B2 – B2A2)T  
= (BT)2.(AT)2 – (AT)2.(BT)2
= (–B)2A2 – A2.(–B)2 { AT = A and BT = –B} Clearly     0 and 220    219  2  4
= (B)2A2 – A2B2
 C + CT = 0    –2 and   2
 C is a skew symmetric odd order matrix
36. Answer (766)
 |C| = |A2B2 – B2A2| = 0
 Equation (A2B2 – B2A2) X = 0 has infinitely
many solutions a b c 
 
32. Answer (1) Let matrix be A   d e f 
 g h i 
 1  
A 
  
 AAT = I  a2  b 2  c 2   
 
So, I + 2 = 1  2
=0
Then AA T    d2  e2  f 2  
and 2 +  2 = 1  2 = 1  
2 2 2
   g h i 
then 4 +  4 = 1  
 9!
  252 cases
6!2!1!  1 2 0  4 2 10  
1 
=  6 3 3    4 2 12  
Case-III One 2’s, five 1’s and three zero 5 
  5 3 1  0 2 4  
9!
  504 cases
5!3!

Case-IV Nine ones = 1 case 5 0 10 

1 
= 10 5 15   tr(A)  1
 Total cases = 9 + 252 + 504 + 1 = 766 5
 5 5 5 
37. Answer (1)
A = XB Similarly,

 a1  1 1 –1  b1  1
     B (2(A  2B)  (2A  B))
 a2  3 1 k  b2  5

3a1  b1 – b2  3a12  b12  b22 – 2b1b2

 2 4 0   2 1 5  
1 
...(i)
=  12 6 6    2 1 6  
5
3a2  b1  kb2  3a22  b12  k 2b22  2kb1b2 ...(ii)   10 6 2  0 1 2  

(i) + (ii) 
0 6 5 
   
3 a12  a22  2b12  k 2  1 b22  2(k – 1)b1b2 1
=  10 5 0   tr(B)  1
5
 10 5 0 
   
 2 b12  b22  2b12  k 2  1 b22  2(k – 1)b1b2
Tr(A) – Tr(B) = 1 – (–1) = 2

1– k  2
b22  2  k – 1 b1b2 40. Answer (2)
For reflexive,
k – 1  k  1 b22  2b1b2   0 PAP–1 = A is true if P = I

k = 1 For symmetric,

38. Answer (10) If PAP–1 = B then PBP–1 = A must be true

 PAP–1 = B  A = P–1 BP
a b       
 c d        and PBP–1 = P(PAP–1)P–1 = P2 A(P–1)2 is equal to A
    
if P is involutory matrix (i.e. P2 = I)
 a + b =  and c + d = 
For transitive,
 b 1 d
   If PAP –1 = B and PBP –1 = C then PAP –1 = C
 1 a c
must be true
 bc = ad – a – d + 1  C = PBP–1 = P2 AP–1 will be equal to PAP–1
 ad – bc = a + d – 1 if P is idempotent matrix (i.e. P2 = P)
= 2020 Hence relation R is an equivalence relation.
 2 2 1
1 0 3  a
   A·B=B
2 a  3 0 
 Sum of all entries of A3 is equal to the only
1 element of BT· A3 · B
det(Q) =  a  3 2  9  a  3   6
4
a = 9, –3  BT· A3 · B = BT· A2 · (AB) = BT· A2 · B = BT· B
= BT· B = [3]11
A  AT 1  4 3  a
P  
2 2 a  3 0  45. Answer (3125)

1  1  2 3 
det(P)   (a  3)2
4 Let B   1 2 3 
144  1  2  3 
 det(P) = 0 or  36
4
 Required sum 36
0 1 0   1 2 3   1 2 3 
42. Answer (910) AB   1 0 0   1 2 3    1 2 3 
 0 1 0  0 0 1  1  2  3   1  2  3 
Let A = I + C where C  0 0 1
0 0 0 
 1 2  3  0 1 0    2 1 3 
BA   1 2 3   1 0 0    2 1 3 
 0 0 1
 1  2  3  0 0 1   2 1  3 
C  0 0 0 
2
and Cn = 0 for n  3
0 0 0 
AB = BA   1 = 2,  2 = 1,  3 = 3, 1 = 2
So An = (I + C)n = I + nC + nC 2
2.C . 5 places can be filled independently in 55 = 3125
So (b13)n = 0 + 0 + nC nC
2.1 = 2 ways = 3125 matrices
Now b13 element of 7.A20 – 20.A7 + 2I
46. Answer (11)
= 7(20C2) – 20(7C2) + 0
= 7 × 190 – 20 × 21 0 i 
Let B   
= 70[19 – 6] = 910 1 0
43. Answer (108)
 i 0
8 1 4A  B2   
adj(2A–1) = |2A–1|(2A–1)–1 = | A |2A = | A | 0 i 

 12 
3
123  1 0 
So, | 3adj (2A –1) |  12
A
  B4   
 | A |   0 1
| A | | A | | A |2

 2 1 1   1 0
 B8   
 A   1 2 1  | A |  4  0 1
 1 1 2 
hence n must be a multiple of 8.

123 So n = 16, 24, 32, ......., 96

Hence, | 3adj (2A –1 ) |   108
2 No. of values of n = 11.
4
  0 0 1   0 0 20 
 1 0  
P  3
3 
 1
 2  20
20  21
Because 1  20,  n  2
 210
n1
 1 0
 Pn   n 
1 20 1 20  21 22
 1
 2   n  n  1  2 
2 n1 3
 1540

48. Answer (3) Sum = 20 + 20 + 20 + 210 + 210 + 1540 = 2020

51. Answer (2)
 1 2
 A=   1 3 
 1 4 
1 1 1  0  1– 3(2)  (1)  0    5
1  4 2 2 3 1  1 2 3
Then A 1   1
3
6  1 1  1 
 6 6  For   5 there will be unique solution

   2  1 5
 I   A    p  1– 
    4  6 6
For  = 5 and  = 3 there will be infinitely many
1 5
  and   solutions and for  = 5 and   3 there will be no
6 6 solution.

 5 1 1  1 5
 4(  )  4     4 q   1–  
6 6 6  6  36
49. Answer (4) 52. Answer (1)
A5 = B5 ...(i)
0 2 
A3B2 = A2B3 ...(ii) A 
K 1
A5 – A3B2 = B5 – A2B3
A3(A2 – B2) = B3(B2 – A2) = –B3(A2 – B2) characteristic equation is
A3(A2 – B2) + B3(A2 – B2) = 0 |A – xI| = 0
(A3 + B3)(A2 – B2) = 0
x 2
(A 3  B3 )(A 2 – B2 )  0 0
K 1  x

A 3  B3  A 2 – B2  0 x(x + 1) – 2K = 0

 A 3  B3  0  A 2  B2 0  x2 + x – 2K = 0

50. Answer (2020) A satisfies its characteristic equation

i.e. A2 + A – 2KI = 0
 n  n  1 
1 n   A2 = 2KI – A ...(i)
 2 
A n  0 1 n   A3 = 2KA – A2 = 2KA – (2KI – A) (using (i))
 
0 0 1   A3 = (2K + 1) A – 2KI
   A4 = (2K + 1) A2 – 2KA
M = A + A2 + ........... + A20 = (2K + 1) (2KI – A) – 2KA
 A4 + 3A = 2I ...(iii)
Comparing the coefficients 2 3
A  I 
4K + 1 = 3 and 4K2 + 2K = 2 4 1 

1 = (2 – 2 –  + 2 ) – 12
K  and 2K2 + K – 1 = 0
2
f ( )   2  3  10
(2K – 1) (K + 1) = 0
 A satisfies f ( )
1
K  , 1
2  A2 – 3A –10I = 0
A2 – 3A = 10I
1
 K  3A2 – 9A = 30I
2
3A2 + 12A = 30I + 21A
53. Answer (8)
(I – A)3 = I – A3 30 0   42 63 
  
I – A3 – 3A(I – A) = I – A3  0 30   84 21 

3A(I – A) = 0  A(I – A) = 0  72 63 

 
 84 51 
a b  1  a b 
0 d   0 0
  1  d 
 51 63 
adj(3 A2  12 A)   
a 1  a  b(a  1  d) 0 0  84 72 
 
 0 d 1  d   0 0 
56. Answer (1)
a(1 – a) = 0, d(1 – d) = 0, b(a – 1 + d) = 0
 0 2 
A 
a 0 a1 a0 a 1 2 0 
d0 d0 d1 d1
b  0 b  1, 0, 1 b  1, 0, 1 b  0 0 2  0 2  4 0 
A2       4l
 2 0   2 0   0 4 
So Total 8 cases
M = A2 + A4 + A6 + … + A20
54. Answer (1)
= –4I + 16l – 64I + … upto 10 terms
A - adj A = IAI = A.AT
= –I [4 – 16 + 64 … + upto 10 terms]
 adj A = AT
 ( 4)10  1 4 20
 2 b   5a 3   I.4    (2  1)I
 3 5a    b 2  4  1  5
   

 5a = 2, b = 3 N  A1  A3  A5    A19
So, 5a + b = 5 = A – 4A + 16A + … upto 10 terms
 (220  1)2 4 20  X=  
N2  A2  (2  1)2 I 0 0 0 
25 25

16 20
MN 2  (2  1)3 I  KI (K   1)  0 0 1
125 0 0 0 
 X2 =  
(MN2)T = (KI)T = KI 0 0 0 
57. Answer (414)

a b c     
d e f 
Let matrix    I   X   X  0   
2
 Y=
g h i 
 0 0  
We need
  Y · Y–1 = I
a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h+i=5
Possible cases Number of ways
1 2 1
5 5 5 
9!        1 0 0
5  1’s, 4  zeroes  126 1 2 
5! 4! 0    0 0 1 0 
   5 5   

9!  0 0   
1
 0 0 1
6  1’s, 2  zeroes, 1  –1  252 0 0
6!2!  5 

9!
7  1’s, 2  –1’s  36
7!2!
Total ways = 126 + 252 + 36 = 414    2  2 
5 5 5 
58. Answer (1)   0 0 0 
   2 
0  0 1 0 
 2 2   2 2   5 5 
   0 0 1
A2 =     
 1 1  1 1 0 0 
 5 
2 2 
=   =A  AK = A, K  I
 1 1   = 5,  = 10,  = 15

 1 2  1 2   1 2  ( -  + )2 = 100
B2 =    B
 1 2  1 2   1 2 60. Answer (180)

So, BK = B, K  I  Sum of all entries of matrix A must be prime

p such that 2 < p < 8 then sum of entries
nAn + mBm = nA + mB
may be 3, 5 or 7.
2n  2n   m 2m 
=    If sum is 3 then possible entries are (0, 0, 0, 3),
 n  n    m 2m  (0, 0, 1, 2) or (0, 1, 1, 1).

1 0   Total number of matrices = 4 + 4 + 12 = 20

=  
 0 1 If sum of 5 then possible entries are
So, 2n – m = 1, –n + m = 0, 2m – n = 1 (0, 0, 0, 5), (0, 0, 1, 4), (0, 0, 2, 3), (0, 1, 1, 3),
So, (m, n) = (1, 1) (0, 1, 2, 2) and (1, 1, 1, 2).
 (0, 0, 2, 5), (0, 0, 3, 4), (0, 1, 1, 5), (0, 3, 3, 1),    0 –  
(0, 2, 2, 3), (1, 1, 1, 4), (1, 2, 2, 2), (1, 1, 2, 3)
and (0, 1, 2, 4) N  M 2  M 4  ...  M 98

Total number of matrices with sum 7 = 104   –  2   4 – 6  ... I

 
 Total number of required matrices
= 20 + 56 + 104


–  2 1– (– 2 )49  I
= 180
1  2
61. Answer (25)
I – M 2  (1  2 )I
2 1  i 1 1  i 1  i 1 i 
 A  
 i 0   1 0  1  i i 

(I – M 2 )N  –  2 (98  1)  –2
 i 1 i   i 1 i 
A4    1  i i   I   1
1  i  i  
64. Answer (17)
So A5 = A, A9 = A and so on.
Clearly n = 1, 5, 9, ....., 97  2 1 1
 
Number of values of n = 25 Here A   1 0 1
 1 1 0 
62. Answer (1)  

 0 We get A2 = A and similarly for

 a11 a12 a13   2 21 22 

A  a21 a22 a23    21 20 21  1 1 1
 
a31 a32 a33  22 21 20 
  B  A  I  1 1 1
1 1 1
    
1 2 4  1 2 4  3 6 12  We get B2 = – B  B3 = B
    
1 1 3
A2   1 2  1 2   3 6   3A  An + (B)n = A + (B)n for n  N
2  2  2 
1 1 1 1  3 3  For n to be unity n shall be multiple of 3 and for
 1  1  3
4 2  4 2  4 2  Bn to be B. n shell be 3, 5, 7, … 99
 n = {3, 9, 15,….. 99}
A2 = 3A
A3 = A.A2 = A(3A) = 3A2 = 32A Number of elements = 17.
A4 = 33A 65. Answer (4)
Now
 1 2   1 2   3 8 
A2 + A3 + … + A10 A2     
A[31 + 32 + 33 + … + 39]  2 5   2 5   8 21

3 39  1  3 8    2 

 A2   A      2 5 
  A
 8  21   
3 1


 310  3 
A
 3   8  2  2 0 
  
2  8  2 21  5  0 2
 So,  +  = 10  1  1 1   2    
BA    
66. Answer (5376)  1 0  2    1 1 

Sum of all diagonal elements is equal to sum of

square of each element of the matrix.   1   1    2  1  
B2     
1 0 1 0    1
a1 a2 a3 
A  b1 b2 b3 
By (1) we get
i.e.,
c1 c2 c3 
2  2  2   1 2 2 
  
   3  1 2  2 2 
then tr ( A  AT )
  = 1  = 0  1 = 1
 a12  a22  a32  b12  b22  b32  c12  c22  c32
Similarly If A2 + AB + BA = 0 then

 ai , bi , ci  –1, 0, 1 for i = 1, 2, 3
 2  1 1  1 1  1 1    
 A       
 Exactly three of them are zero and rest are 1 or – 1.  2   2    2  2   2 
2

Total number of possible matrices 9 C3  26
 2     1  1    0 0 
987   
  64   2  1  2  2  2  2  1  0 0 
6
  = 0 and  = – 1  2 = – 1
= 5376
67. Answer (2)  1  2  2  2 .
Characteristic equation of A is given by
69. Answer (3)
|A – I| = 0
(A) M = A4 – B4
4 – 2 MT = (A4 – B4)T = (AT)4 – (BT)4
0
 
= A4 – (–B)4 = A4 – B4 = M
 2 – (4 + ) + (4 + 2) = 0 (B) M = AB – BA
So, A – (4 + )A + (4 + 2)I = 0
2
MT = (AB – BA)T = (AB)T – (BA)T
|A| = 4 + 2 = 18
= BTAT – ATBT
68. Answer (2)
= –BA – A(–B)
(A + B)2 = A2 + B2 + AB + BA
= AB – BA = M
2 2 (C) M = B5 – A5
 A2   
2 2 MT = (BT)5 – (AT)5 = –(B5 + A5)  –M
(D) M = AB + BA
2 2
 B 2  AB  BA    …(1)
2 2 MT = (AB)T + (BA)T
= BTAT + ATBT = –BA – AB = –M
 = 9  12  15  10  13  16  11  14  17 
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
(2) By R  R ,  1 1 is possible
1 2  
 1 2 
(3) This matrix can’t be obtained = [(92 – 102) + (112 + 122) + (132 – 142) + (162 – 152) + 172]
= [–19 + 265 + (–27) + 31 + 289]
 1 2 
(4) By R  R + 2R ,   is possible = [585 – 46] = [539]
2 2 1  1 3 
73. Answer (100)
71. Answer (10*)

 1 a  
 1 2 3 
S =  0 b  : a, b  {1, 2, 3, ..., 100} 
A   0 1 6    
Given
 0 0 1
 1 a 
 A=   then even powers of
1 0 6  1 0 12  0 b
A  0 1 0  ,
2
A  0 1 0 
4

0 0 1 0 0 1   1 0

A as   , if b = 1 and a  {1,….., 100}
 0 1
 1 0 3k 
A  0 1 0 
k Here, n(n + 1) is always even.

0 0 1   T , T , T , …, T are all I for b = 1 and each
1 2 3 n
value of a.

 1 0 3k  1
 X  A X  [111] 0 1 0  1  [3k  3]
k
100
  Tn = 100
0 0 1  1
n 1

 [3k + 3] = 33 (here it shall be [33] as matrix

can’t be equal to a scalar) 74. Answer (282)
i.e. [3k + 3] = 33 In a 3 × 3 order matrix there are 9 entries.
3k + 3 = [33]  k = 10 These nine entries are zero or one.
If k is odd and apply above process, we don’t get
The sum of positive prime entries are 2, 3, 5 or 7.
odd value of k
 k = 10 Total possible matrices

72. Answer (4) 9! 9! 9! 9!

   
2!  7! 3!  6! 5!  4! 7!  2!
 92 102 112 
 
ABA  1 1 1  122 132 142  A = 36 + 84 + 126 + 36
 
 152 162 172  = 282
 

