Advancements in

Electric Motor
Technologies and
Control Strategies
for Enhanced Vehicle
Performance

Mouna Mallouk
2245023025
1. Article: Multiobjective Design Optimization of High-Power Circular
Winding Brushless DC Motor

Date published: 2018

Journal :IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS

Quartile: Q1

ISSN/eISSN: 0278-0046 / 1557-9948

Citation: 50

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2. Article :Configurations and Control of Traction Motors for Electric
Vehicles: A Review

Date published: 2017

Journal : Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering

Quartile: Q1

ISSN/eISSN: 20961529

Citation: 78

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3. Article: A Critical Review of Advanced Electric Machines and Control
Strategies for Electric Vehicles

Date published: 2021

Journal :International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy

Systems

Quartile: Q1

ISSN/eISSN:0142-0615 / 1879-3517

Citation: 103

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 1. Summary

The key findings and contributions of the article are:

•Development of a multi-objective design optimization framework: a mathematical model considering multiple
critical objectives for high-power BLDC motors, including torque density, efficiency, and cogging torque. This allows
for optimal trade-offs between these competing factors.
•Circular winding optimization: The study specifically focuses on circular windings, which offer benefits like reduced
copper loss and improved heat dissipation. The optimization framework helps identify the optimal parameters of
the circular winding to maximize performance.
•Finite element analysis validation: The optimized designs are validated using finite element analysis (FEA),
confirming their predicted performance characteristics.
•Experimental verification: Prototypes of the optimized motors are built and tested, demonstrating significant
improvements in torque density, efficiency, and reduced cogging torque compared to conventional BLDC motors.

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 1. Summary
Methodology:
1.Structure and operation principle: The paper describes the physical design and operating principles of the CWBLDC
motor.
2.Phase current calculation: A method for calculating phase currents in the CWBLDC motor is presented and
validated through experiments.
3.Multi-objective optimization: A mathematical model is developed to optimize the design of the CWBLDC motor for
high power and low speed, balancing these competing objectives.
4.Design parameter search: Through extensive simulations, the best combination of slot and pole numbers is
identified, leading to the optimal design.
5.Performance analysis: Finite element analysis (FEA) simulations are used to validate the performance of the
optimized design.
6.Regression analysis: Relationships between performance objectives (torque density, torque ripple, etc.) and design
variables are established to facilitate future design optimization

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 Dynamic Modeling of the CWBLDC
Motor :
▪ Model of CWBLDC motor
▪ commutation circuit
▪ Prototype

Experimental platform of CWBLDC motor. (a) Prototype and

PROTOTYPE MOTOR PARAMETERS (b) commutation circuit.

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Overall Design and Optimization
Process

The design and optimization of CWBLDC

motor has two steps:
▪ selecting the best slot–pole combination;
▪ determining its optimal geometries and
commutation control parameters.

Process of computing the optimization objectives.

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1. Summary

In essence, this study provides a systematic approach for designing high-performance circular winding BLDC motors
by balancing their key performance parameters through multi-objective optimization. This offers valuable insights
for the development of more efficient and powerful electric motors for various applications.

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 2. Summary

Powertrain Configurations:
•Six different EV powertrain configurations exist, defined by component arrangement (motor, differential, gear box).
•Series and parallel HEV configurations have distinct advantages and trade-offs.
•Electric motors complement ICE torque deficiencies at lower RPMs.
•Planetary gear boxes often link motors and ICEs.
•In-wheel motors for EVs are potential designs.
Traction Motors:
•Traction motors are crucial for electrified transport.
•Induction motors are a popular choice due to high dynamic performance.

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 Vehicle powertrain configurations:
•Series-parallel hybrid configuration:
•Advantages:
• Smaller, more efficient engine for fuel
economy.
• Better dynamic performance and cruising
speed.
• Greater flexibility in control for emissions
reduction.
• Increased vehicle power capability.
•Disadvantages:
• Higher cost due to electric generator and
Protean electric in-wheel motor assembly
planetary gear.

Parallel-HEV
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 3. Summary

This article analyzes the current state of advanced electric machines and control strategies specifically in the context
of electric vehicles (EVs). It highlights the crucial role these technologies play in determining EV performance,
efficiency, and overall success.
Key findings:
•Advanced electric machines: The review explores various motor types beyond traditional Brushless DC (BLDC)
motors, including Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (PMSM), Switched Reluctance Motors (SRM), and Axial
Flux Motors (AFM). Each type offers unique advantages and disadvantages, influencing their suitability for different
EV applications.
•Control strategies: The paper emphasizes the importance of optimized control algorithms for maximizing efficiency,
minimizing noise and vibration, and ensuring smooth operation across diverse driving conditions. Various control
techniques like Field-Oriented Control (FOC) and Direct Torque Control (DTC) are discussed.

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 3. Summary

•The article specifically focuses on high-performance applications of EVs, although potential limitations in cost and
complexity for mass-market vehicles are also acknowledged.
•The review briefly discusses integration challenges between the motor, control system, and battery packs within the
overall EV architecture.
•Future research directions are suggested, including novel motor topologies, advanced control algorithms, and
integrated design methodologies for complete EV propulsion systems.
• The review identifies limitations in current technologies, such as high-cost rare-earth materials in PMSMs and
limited fault tolerance in some motor types. Additionally, it points towards promising research directions like hybrid
motor designs, sensorless control approaches, and improved thermal management systems.

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 Common features of articles
Focus on electric
motors
All articles deal with
research related to
electric motors,
different types and for
different purposes
Control Strategies Application in
Electric Vehicles
the application of electric
Control strategies can motors in the context of electric
play a crucial role in vehicles. This indicates a shared
optimizing the interest in the challenges and
performance and advancements related to
efficiency of electric incorporating electric propulsion
motors. systems in the automotive
industry.
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 method of study

•Article1 involves mathematical modeling, simulation, and optimization algorithms to achieve multiple
objectives, such as enhanced power, efficiency, and performance.
•Approach: The study may involve a combination of analytical methods and computer-aided design (CAD)
tools to iteratively optimize the motor design.
❑For article 2 and 3 are Similar , the involve a literature review methodology, critically analyzing the
advancements in electric machines and control strategies in the context of electric vehicles.
❑ Also the strengths and weaknesses of different electric machine designs and control strategies based
on financial criteria such as, cost, and practical implementation.

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THANK YOU!
26/12/2023