Poverty is one of the biggest obstacles facing Filipino students pursuing a basic education,

despite the government offering free education. High school students opt to locate errands to run in
order to get around budgetary restraints and to be independent while they are studying ( Peteros, 2021).
Most studies on working students are carried done in universities in industrialized nations, but those
studies don't address how working students deal with day-to-day challenges and overcome obstacles. In
accordance with Ruhm's (1997) research, comprehension the effects of working students on society
because, as the number of working students reached an abnormal level, job hiring began to demonstrate
the detrimental effects that were associated with it because it reduces academic performance and
instructional fulfillment, especially among young workers without formal education.

A working student must put in a lot of effort in both his education and his career. Working
students face great challenges since they must devote all of their focus to their studies and all of their
strength to their jobs (Coral, et al. 2020). Especially when covid came a lot of students are working while
studying. The COVID-19 epidemic is still having a devastating impact on the planet. Many were laid off.
People started to pay greater attention to freelancing during this pandemic.

According to Purwanto, et al (2020), Many people nowadays aspire to work from home (WFH),
particularly the millennial generation who do not have to wake up early, take a shower, and get ready to
leave for work by enduring long traffic jams. Sufficient to put on temporary clothing, access the laptop at
home, and do work. Most young people nowadays are struggling because of being a working student.
The study of (Moretti, 2020) reveals that working while studying affects students' time management, study
habits, and family relationships. The average composite mean is 3.38, and 3.41 for homework, projects,
review, and copy lectures. Working while studying also hinders family relationships, with students lacking
quality time. These difficulties affect academic performance, with students sometimes missing exams,
struggling with performance tests, and missing major exams.

A study by (Peteros, 2020) in Toledo City, Philippines, examined the relationship between time
management, self-efficacy, and academic performance in part-time high school students. Results showed
satisfactory math performance with moderate time management and self-efficacy. No significant
relationship was found, but self-efficacy had a weak positive correlation. Teachers should create
programs to enhance these skills. Students have struggled with time management, particularly those who
work two jobs and have a lot of obligations at both their jobs and their places of education. In order to
balance employment and school, working students have implemented time management interventions,
which are the subject of this descriptive-qualitative research study.

Working students faced new challenges when they returned to full-time face-to-face classes
(Gallardo, & Flores, 2020). However, if a working student is unable to manage his time, he will encounter
a number issues detrimental circumstance (Requinto and Muico, 2022). However, if a working student is
unable to manage his time, he will encounter a number issues disadvantageous circumstance (Requinto
and Muico, 2022). Interventions are necessary to balance the demands and challenges faced by working
students in all aspects of their lives (Chansaengsee, 2017). Working students may feel overwhelmed by
the pressures of juggling these factors, which are necessary for success and duty fulfillment. Because of
this, working students frequently had to juggle their two jobs, and the epidemic forced them to find
employment (Payusan, Arrofo, Cadilla, and Gaco, 2022).

On the other hand, Antipolo, (2021) stated that, in order to work effectively, working students need
to know how to manage the time that is allotted to them. Additionally, in order to enhance their job
performance, working students should closely examine their time management skills to prevent neglecting
their tasks. Additionally, working students need to be able to effectively manage their time in order to
perform well and meet the demands of the workplace. In addition, they are inundated with new work
assignments on a daily basis, which could make them inept due to poor time management. This study
used the Self-Regulation Theory, which holds that people who practice self-discipline are better able to
control their thoughts and behavior, leading to the achievement of desired outcomes in both work and
school, despite having limited time, to describe the time management interventions of working students to
balance academics and work (Williams, 2022).

Peteros, E. D. (2021). Understanding the Effects of Time Management and Self-Efficacy on math
Performance among High School Students Working Part-Time in Cebu, Philippines. Information
Technology in Industry, 9(2), 1077-1085. http://it-in-industry.org/index.php/itii/article/view/455

Abenoja, R., Accion, N., Aguilar, J., Alcasid, M., Amoguis, A., Buraquit, D., ... & Pame, J. (2019). The
experiences of working while studying: A phenomenological study of senior high school
students. University of Immaculate Conception.

https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/102779797/
The_Lived_Experiences_of_UIC_SHS_Working_Students_A_Phenomenological_Study.pdf__filename_U
TF-8The_20Lived_20Experiences_20of_20UIC_20SHS-libre.pdf?1685370531=&response-content-
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Coral, A. F., Atillo, E. D., Baldoviso, J. J., Binigay Jr, R., Bugtong, J., & Bernales Jr, G. (2020). Challenges
encountered by working students that affect their academic performance. Ascendens Asia
Singapore–Bestlink College of the Philippines Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(1).

https://ojs.aaresearchindex.com/index.php/aasgbcpjmra/article/view/1682

Purwanto, A., Asbari, M., Fahlevi, M., Mufid, A., Agistiawati, E., Cahyono, Y., & Suryani, P. (2020). Impact
of work from home (WFH) on Indonesian teachers performance during the Covid-19 pandemic:
An exploratory study. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(5), 6235-6244.

https://ojs.aaresearchindex.com/index.php/aasgbcpjmra/article/view/1682

Moretti, A., Menna, F., Aulicino, M., Paoletta, M., Liguori, S., & Iolascon, G. (2020). Characterization of
home working population during COVID-19 emergency: a cross-sectional analysis. International
journal of environmental research and public health, 17(17), 6284.

https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/17/6284
Gallardo-Lolandes, Y., Alcas-Zapata, N., Flores, J. E. A., & Ocaña-Fernández, Y. (2020). Time
Management and Academic Stress in Lima University Students. International Journal of Higher
Education, 9(9), 32-40.

https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1281218

Muico, E. J. G., & Requinto, J. B. A. P. (2022). Assessing the Academic Performance of Working Students
During Pandemic. Journal of Multidisciplinary Cases (JMC) ISSN 2799-0990, 2(06), 7-10.

https://journal.hmjournals.com/index.php/JMC/article/view/1277

Chansaengsee, S. (2017). Time management for work-life and study-life balance. Veridian E-Journal,
Silpakorn University (Humanities, Social Sciences and arts), 10(5), 20-34.

https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/Veridian-E-Journal/article/view/99065

Pedroso, J. E. P., Aponte, K., Juanico, W. G., & Chiefe, R. A Qualitative Investigation of Time
Management Interventions for Working Students in the Philippines to Balance Academics and Work.

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/John-Erwin-Pedroso/publication/
373419757_A_Qualitative_Investigation_of_Time_Management_Interventions_for_Working_Students_in_
the_Philippines_to_Balance_Academics_and_Work/links/64ea06850453074fbdb447a9/A-Qualitative-
Investigation-of-Time-Management-Interventions-for-Working-Students-in-the-Philippines-to-Balance-
Academics-and-Work.pdf

Antipolo, J. (2021). Balancing school and work amidst a pandemic: Working students' time
management. Educational Management, 3(1), 58-63.

https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/75726314/UIJRTV3I10009-libre.pdf?1638687018=&response-
content-disposition=inline%3B+filename
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Q6XrjvC~ARFsp0tKqOBQYmhs8dYWPatNQjw__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA

Williams, D. P. (2022). vPBL: Developing a facilitated remote approach to problem based

learning. Journal of Chemical Education, 99(4), 1642-1650.

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.jchemed.1c01068