Topic: Linear Inequalities (JEE) Solutions Marks: 100

1. (c)
2
𝑥 − 3|𝑥| + 2 < 0

⇒ |𝑥|2 − 3|𝑥| + 2 < 0

⇒ (|𝑥| − 1)(|𝑥| − 2) < 0

⇒ 1 < |𝑥| < 2

⇒ −2 < 𝑥 < −1 or 1 < 𝑥 < 2

∴ 𝑥 𝜖(−2, −1) ∪ (1,2)

2. (c)
We have, 𝑥 2 + (𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑥 + 𝑎𝑏 < 0

⇒ (𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑥 + 𝑏) < 0

⇒ −𝑏 < 𝑥 < −𝑎

3. (c)
By trial,

3𝑥/2 + 2𝑥 ≤ 25 for 𝑥 = 1,2,3,4

But 3𝑥/2 + 2𝑥 > 25 for 𝑥 > 4

Hence, solution set for 3𝑥/2 + 2𝑥 > 25 is (4, ∞)

4. (c)
(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 7) < (𝑥 − 1)

⇒ (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 6) < 0

⇒ (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 − 3) < 0

∴ 𝑥 ∈ (−∞, 1) ∪ (2, 3)

5. (d)
Given, √(3𝑥 + 1)2 < (2 − 𝑥)
⇒ (3𝑥 + 1) < 2 − 𝑥
1
⇒ 3𝑥 + 1 < 2 − 𝑥 ⇒ 𝑥 <
4
6. (b)
∵ 𝑓(−1) < 1 ⇒ 𝑎 − 𝑏 + 𝑐 < 1…(i)

and𝑓(1) > −1, 𝑓(3) < −4, then

𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 > −1…(ii)

9𝑎 + 3𝑏 + 𝑐 < −4…(iii)
From Eq. (ii),

−𝑎 − 𝑏 − 𝑐 < 1 ….(iv)
1
On solving Eqs. (i), (iii) and (iv), we get 𝑎 < − 8 ⇒ 𝑎 is negative

7. (d)
2𝑥+3
Given, 2𝑥−9
<0
⇒ 2𝑥 + 3 < 0and2𝑥 − 9 > 0
9
Or 2𝑥 + 3 > 0 and 2𝑥 − 9 < 0 and 𝑥 ≠ 2
3 9 3 9 9
⇒ 𝑥 < − 2and𝑥 > 2 or 𝑥 > − 2 and 𝑥 < 2 and 𝑥 ≠ 2
3 9
⇒ 𝑥 ∈ (− , )
2 2
8. (b)
3
Given, 3 + − 4 < 0 ⇒ 32𝑥 + 3 − 4.3𝑥 < 0
3𝑥
⇒ (3𝑥 − 1)(3𝑥 − 3) < 0
1 < 3𝑥 < 3 ⇒ 0 < 𝑥 < 1
∴ The solution set is (0, 1)
9. (b)
We have, |𝑎| ≤ 1 and 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 1
i. e. −1 ≤ 𝑎 ≤ 1and𝑏 = 1 − 𝑎
⇒ −1 ≤ 𝑎 ≤ 1and0 ≤ 𝑏 ≤ 2 ⇒ −2 ≤ 𝑎𝑏 ≤ 2 …(i)
Now,
𝑎+𝑏 2 1
𝑎𝑏 ≤ ( ) ⇒ 𝑎𝑏 ≤ …(ii)
2 4
From (i) and (ii), we have
1 2,1
−2 ≤ 𝑎𝑏 ≤ ⇒ 𝑎𝑏 ∈ [− ]
4 4
10. (c)
3 ≤ 3𝑡 − 18 ≤ 18
⇒ 21 ≤ 3𝑡 ≤ 36
⇒ 7 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 12
⇒ 8 ≤ 𝑡 + 1 ≤ 13
11. (c)
5 𝑥 12 𝑥
Given, inequality can be rewritten as ( ) + ( ) ≥ 1
13 13

∴ cos 𝑥 𝛼 + sin𝑥 𝛼 ≥ 1
5
Where, cos 𝛼 = 13

If 𝑥 = 2, the above equality holds

If 𝑥 < 2 both cos 𝛼and sin 𝛼increases in positive fraction

Hence, above inequality holds for 𝑥 ∈ (−∞, 2]

12. (b)
The signs of the coefficients are +,+,−
according to Descartes' rule,
1 change of sign ⇒ maximum 1 negative root.

Hence the total maximum number of real roots =1+1=2

Since total number of roots of an equation of order 4 is 4, hence the number of non-real roots of the equation 4−2=2

13. (a)
If 𝑓(𝑥) > 0 ,then 𝐷 < 0
4𝑎2 − 4(10 − 3𝑎) < 0
⇒ (𝑎 + 5)(𝑎 − 2) < 0
⇒ −5 < 𝑎 < 2
14. (a)
Since, AM ≥ GM

𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 𝑏2 + 𝑐 2
∴ ≥ √𝑎2 𝑏 2 = 𝑎𝑏, ≥ 𝑏𝑐
2 2
𝑐 2 +𝑎2
and 2
≥ 𝑐𝑎

On adding, we get

𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 ≥ 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑐𝑎

⇒ (𝑎)holds
𝑏+𝑐 𝑐+𝑎 𝑎+𝑏
Next, 2
≥ √𝑏𝑐, 2
≥ √𝑐𝑎, 2
≥ √𝑎𝑏

𝑏+𝑐 𝑐+𝑎 𝑎+𝑏

⇒( )( )( ) ≥ √𝑎2 𝑏 2 𝑐 2
2 2 2
⇒ (𝑏 + 𝑐)(𝑐 + 𝑎)(𝑎 + 𝑏) ≥ 8𝑎𝑏𝑐

⇒ (𝑏) does not hold

1 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 1/3
Again, 3 (𝑏 + 𝑐 + 𝑎) ≥ (𝑏 ∙ 𝑐 ∙ 𝑎)

𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
⇒ + + ≥3
𝑏 𝑐 𝑎
⇒ (𝑐)does not hold
𝑎 3 +𝑏3 +𝑐 3
Again, ≥ (𝑎3 𝑏 3 𝑐 3 )1/3
3

⇒ 𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 + 𝑐 3 ≥ 3 𝑎𝑏𝑐

⇒ (𝑑) does not hold

15. (b)
We have,
3𝑥/2 + 2𝑥 > 25 ⇒ 3𝑥/2 + 4𝑥/2 > 25
Clearly, 𝑥 ∈ (4, ∞) satisfies the above inequation
16. (d)
If 𝑠 is the semi-perimeter of a cyclic quadrilateral of sides 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 and 𝑑 units in length, then its area 𝐴 is given by
𝐴 = √(𝑠 − 𝑎)(𝑠 − 𝑏)(𝑠 − 𝑐)(𝑠 − 𝑑)
Using A. M. ≥ G. M., we have
𝑠−𝑎+𝑠−𝑏+𝑠−𝑐+𝑠−𝑑
≥ {(𝑠 − 𝑎)(𝑠 − 𝑏)(𝑠 − 𝑐)(𝑠 − 𝑑)}1/4
4
4𝑠 − 2𝑠
⇒ ≥ √𝐴 ⇒ 2𝑠 ≥ 4√𝐴
4
Hence, the least perimeter is 4√𝐴
17. (c)
We have,
271/𝑥 + 121/𝑥 = 2 × 81/𝑥
⇒ 33/𝑥 + 22/𝑥 × 31/𝑥 = 2 × 23/𝑥
3 3/𝑥 3 1/𝑥
⇒( ) +( ) =2
2 2
3 1/𝑥
⇒ 𝑦 3 + 𝑦 − 2 = 0, where 𝑦 = ( )
2
⇒ (𝑦 − 1)(𝑦 2 + 𝑦 − 2) = 0
3 1/𝑥 3 1/𝑥 3 0
⇒ 𝑦 = 1, 𝑦 = −2 ⇒ ( ) =1⇒( ) =( )
2 2 2
1
But, there is no value of 𝑥 for which 𝑥 is zero
Hence, the given equation has no solution

18. (c)
Let 𝑥1 , 𝑥2 , 𝑥3 and 𝑥4 be four positive roots of the equation 𝑥 4 − 8𝑥 3 + 𝑏𝑥 2 + 𝑐𝑥 + 16 = 0.Then,
𝑥1 + 𝑥2 + 𝑥3 + 𝑥4 = 8and𝑥1 𝑥2 𝑥3 𝑥4 = 16
𝑥1 + 𝑥2 + 𝑥3 + 𝑥4
⇒ = 2 and (𝑥1 𝑥2 𝑥3 𝑥4 )1/4 = 2
4
⇒ A. M. and G. M. of 𝑥1 , 𝑥2 , 𝑥3 and𝑥4 are equal
⇒ 𝑥1 = 𝑥2 = 𝑥3 = 𝑥4
⇒ 𝑥1 = 𝑥2 = 𝑥3 = 𝑥4 = 2
∴ 𝑥 4 − 8𝑥 3 + 𝑏𝑥 2 + 𝑐𝑥 + 16 = (𝑥 − 2)4
⇒ 𝑏 = 4 𝐶2 × 22 = 24 and 𝑐 = − 4 𝐶3 × 23 = −32
19. (a)
We have, 3 < |𝑥| < 6 ⇒ −6 < 𝑥 < −3 or 3 < 𝑥 < 6

∴ 𝑥 ∈ (−6, −3) ∪ (3,6)

20. (a)
The given inequation is

4−𝑥+0.5 − 7 ∙ 2−𝑥 < 4, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅

Let 2−𝑥 = 𝑡

∴ 2𝑡 2 − 7𝑡 < 4

⇒ 2𝑡 2 − 7𝑡 − 4 < 0

⇒ (2𝑡 + 1)(𝑡 − 4) < 0

 1
⇒− <𝑡<4
2
⇒ 0 < 𝑡 < 4 (∵ 𝑡 = 2−𝑥 > 0)

⇒ 0 < 2−𝑥 < 22

As 2𝑥 is an increasing function – 𝑥 < 2 or 𝑥 > −2

∴ 𝑥 = (−2, ∞)

21. (a)
𝑥 + 11
>0
𝑥−3
⇒ (𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 11) > 0
⇒ 𝑥 < −11, 𝑥 > 3
⇒ 𝑥 ∈ (−∞, −1) ∪ (3, ∞)
22. (b)
𝑥 + 7, if 𝑥 ≥ −7
2𝑥 − 1 = |𝑥 + 7| = {
−(𝑥 + 7), if 𝑥 < −7

∴ If 𝑥 ≥ −7, 2𝑥 − 1 = 𝑥 + 7 ⇒ 𝑥 = 8

If 𝑥 < −7, 2𝑥 − 1 = −(𝑥 + 7)

⇒ 3𝑥 = −6

⇒ 𝑥 = −2, which is not possible

23. (d)
Given inequalities are
𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 10 < 0and10𝑥 − 𝑥 2 − 16 > 0
⇒ (𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 5) < 0and(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 − 8) < 0
⇒ 𝑥 ∈ (−2, 5)and𝑥 ∈ (2, 8)
⇒ 𝑥 ∈ (2, 5)
24. (c)
We have,
log1/3(𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1) + 1 > 0
⇒ log1/3 (𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1) > −1
2
1 −1
⇒𝑥 +𝑥+1<( )
3
⇒ 𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 1 < 3
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 2 < 0 ⇒ (𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 1) < 0 ⇒ 𝑥 ∈ (−2, 1)
25. (a)
3−|𝑥|
Given, 4−|𝑥| ≥ 0
⇒ 3 − |𝑥| ≤ 0and4 − |𝑥| < 0
Or 3 − |𝑥| ≥ 0 and 4 − |𝑥| > 0
⇒ |𝑥| ≥ 3and|𝑥| > 4
Or |𝑥| ≤ 3 and |𝑥| < 4
⇒ |𝑥| > 4or|𝑥| ≤ 3
⇒ (−∞, −4) ∪ [−3, 3] ∪ (4, ∞)