Name: _______________________________________Grade & Sec: _9_________________Score: ________

School: ______________________________________ Teacher: ______________________Subject: Science

LAS Writers: Annie Lee H. Selorio, Marian Mae G. Santos, Rexvon Glenn J. Belgira
Content Editors: Michael Dave M. Nalagon, Christine Joy G. Sua, Retchie Joy B. Pisaña, Emma T. Surita,
Lily Rose Y. Rafaila, Murdy F. Bautista, Blessy Mae M. Cabayao
Lesson/Topic: What materials ejected when volcanoes erupt? Quarter 3 Week 2 LAS 3
Learning Target: Identify the materials ejected when volcanoes erupt (S9ES-IIIc-d-29)
Reference(s):
6.14: Hazards and Benefits of Volcanic Activity. 2021. Geosciences LibreTexts. January 14, 2021. Available
at:<https://geo.libretexts.org/Courses/Lumen_Learning/Book:_Physical_Geography_(Lumen)/06:_Tectonic_Fo
rces/06.14:_Hazards_and_Benefits_of_Volcanic_Activity> [Accessed March 3, 2021]
Top Ten Most Active Volcanoes in the Philippines. n.d. Knoji. Available at: <https://knoji.com/article/top-ten-
most active-volcanoes-in-the-philippines/#:~:text=Top> [Accessed March 3, 2021]

CONTENT
What materials ejected when volcanoes erupt?

Eruption clouds occur when massive quantities of ash are ejected into the atmosphere where it can
reach heights of 50,000 feet. Eruption clouds have proven to be very dangerous for aviation jets because the
ash can shut down the engines. The ash cloud can also be very hazardous in terms of air pollution. Lahars are
volcanic mudflows. Lahars are very dangerous because they do not require a volcanic eruption yet can travel
hundreds of miles. All that is required is to loose pyroclastic material on the volcano that mixes with precipitation
or melting snow. Lava flows are layers of molten rock that flow over the surface, later cooling and solidifying.
Lava bombs are large chunks of pyroclastic material ejected from a volcano. Larger pyroclastic material is
called blocks. Pyroclastic flows are some of the most dangerous hazards caused by composite volcanoes.
Pyroclastic flows are superheated clouds of pyroclastic material (e.g. hot rock and tephra) ranging in size from
small rocks to the size of houses that are over 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit traveling down a mountain at speeds
up to 100 mph. Tephra (or volcanic ash) is fine particles of pyroclastic material that can be carried thousands
of miles away by prevailing winds. Regions in hundreds of miles away could suffer collapsed buildings is the
falling ash accumulates enough. Tephra can also cool the entire planet if enough is ejected into the atmosphere.
Poisonous gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide can travel down a volcano and
asphyxiate (suffocating) wildlife and humans.
List of some active volcanoes in the Philippines and their number of historical eruptions
Name of Volcano No. of historical eruptions Name of Volcano No. of historical eruptions
Mayon Volcano 51 Kanlaon 30
Banahaw 4 Iraya 2
Taal Volcano 35 Musuan Volcano 2
Hibok-Hibok 5 Pinatubo 6
Bulusan 15 Parker 3
Smith 6 Biliran 1

EXAMPLE:

Mayon Volcano in Southeast Luzon erupted from 23 February to 07 March 2000. The initial eruption was
characterized by relatively quiet dome extrusion at the summit crater and emission of lava flow to the
Southeast flanks. The main explosive phase commenced with the occurrence of pyroclastic flows which also
descended the Bonga Gully southeast of the crater. Vigorous pyroclastic ejection with tall ash columns,
voluminous and multiple pyroclastic flows generally characterized the peak of eruptions.
The eruption of Taal volcano in Batangas on January 12, 2020 was a phreatomagmatic eruption that spewed
a cloud of ash across Calabarzon, Metro Manila, and some parts of Central Luzon and Ilocos Region.
The world largest eruption was in June 15, 1991 of Mt. Pinatubo in Zambales. Bursts of gas-charged magma
exploded into umbrella as clouds, hot flows of gas and ash descended the volcano’s flanks and lahars rolled
down valleys.
Kanlaon has erupted 30 times since 1819. The eruptions are typically phreatic of small-to-moderate size that
produce minor ash falls around the volcano. In 1902, the eruption was classified as strombolian, typified by
the ejection of incandescent cinders, lapilli, lava bombs and gas fumes.
 Bulusan is generally known for its steam-driven or phreatic explosions. It has erupted 15 times since 1885.
On June 8, 2006, the volcano began to spew ash. A number of houses in neighboring towns were destroyed
by the resulting ash cloud.
A significant eruption of Hibok-Hibok volcano started on September 1, 1948. The explosion created a
cauliflower shaped eruption plume and produced devastating pyroclastic flows and lahars down the
Northeastern side of the volcano
The last time Musuan erupted was in December 1886. The eruption was phreatic in nature. The volcano
ejected a column of sulfurous smoke.

ACTIVITY
Direction: Complete the table by writing the number of eruptions of the following volcanoes and materials ejected
during eruption. The first number is done for you.
Name of Volcano Number of Material/s ejected during eruption
Historical Eruptions
1. Mayon Volcano 51 lava flows, pyroclastic flows, Gases, Tephra
2. Taal Volcano
3. Pinatubo
4. Kanlaon
5. Hibok-Hibok
6. Musuan Volcano
7. Mount Bulusan