1

FLUID MECHANICS

Course Content
Introduction to fluid mechanics: fluid properties, dimensions and units. Pressure gauges and manometers.

Fluid statics: hydrostatic forces and center of pressure on plane and curved surfaces.

Buoyancy: Stability of submerged and floating bodies.

Kinetics of flow: Types fluid flow, continuity equation, velocity and acceleration, vorticity and introduction to vortex flow.

Dynamics of fluid flow: Equation of motion. Bernoulli's equation.

Text Books
1. Bansal R. K A (1992) Textbook of Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines Laxmi Publications
2. Rajput R. K., (2008), A text book of fluid mechanics, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.
References
3. Munson B.R., Young D.F. & Okiishi T.H. (1998) Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics John Wiley and Sons
4. David C. Wiggert, Merle Potter, (2007). Outline of Fluid Mechanics, McGraw-Hill
5. Andrew Chadwick, John Morfett, Martin Borthwick, (2004) Hydraulics in Civil and Environmental
Engineering(Paperback), 4th Edition, Taylor & Francis
6. J. K. Douglas, (2001), Solving Problems in Fluid Mechanics, Prentice Hall

Fluid Mechanics

Mechanics Science concerned with the behavior of physical bodies when subjected to forces or
displacements, and the subsequent effects of the bodies on their environment.
Mechanics involves force, energy, motion, deformation, and material properties.
When mechanics applies to material bodies in the solid phase, the discipline is called solid
mechanics.
When the material body is in the gas or liquid phase, the discipline is called fluid mechanics.
Fluids
A fluid is a substance whose molecules move freely past each other. More specifically, a fluid is
a substance that will continuously deform—that is, flow under the action of a shear stress.
Fluids: Subset of the phases of matter and include liquids, gases, plasmas and, to some extent,
plastic solids.

Fluids can be defined as substances that have zero shear modulus or in simpler terms a fluid is
a substance which cannot resist any shear force applied to it.
 2

COMPARISON OF SOLIDS, LIQUIDS, AND GASES

COMPARISON OF SOLIDS, LIQUIDS, AND GASES

 3

COMPARISON OF SOLIDS, LIQUIDS, AND GASES

COMPARISON OF SOLIDS, LIQUIDS, AND GASES

 4

Civil Engineering Fluid Mechanics

- The provision of adequate water services to society:

 The supply of potable water; Water distribution network

 Drainage
 Sea and river (flood) defenses; Water retaining structures.
 Sewerage (sanitation) networks;
 Hydraulic design of water/sewage treatment works;
 Dams
 Irrigation
 Pumps and Turbines
 5

System of units
 On this course we will always
use the SI
(metric) system.
 The SI system consists of six
primary units, from which all
quantities may be described.
 For convenience secondary
units are used in general
practice which are made from
Primary Units.
combinations of these primary
In fluid mechanics we are generally only interested
units.
In the top four units from this table.

Secondary / Derived Units.

There are many derived units all
obtained from
combination of
the primary
unit
6